| 2071. |
- Jansson, Anna
(författare)
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Docent Birgitta Essen-Gustavsson
- 2023
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Ingår i: Comparative Exercise Physiology. - 1755-2540 .- 1755-2559. ; 19, s. 517-525
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 2072. |
- Jansson, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Cultural Systems
- 2024
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Many cultural phenomena cannot be understood by studying traits in isolation. Instead, they are embedded in webs of relations, layered with rich social meaning, and sequentially acquired and evaluated, \emph{filtered}, in light of previously acquired traits. Incorporating multiple traits and their relations is needed to understand the organization, dynamics, and emergent products of cultural evolution. We argue that a systems approach offers the potential for: (i) a more thorough understanding of the source and character of emergent phenomena, crucial for understanding the origin and historical development of culture; (ii) an increased scope of cultural evolution, whereby faithful transmission, self-organization and filtering of culture can be accounted for by systems dynamics without the need for strong assumptions about innate machinery; and (iii) a more robust theoretical connection between cultural evolution and processes of development as they are studied in developmental psychology and related fields.
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| 2073. |
- Jansson, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Modelling cultural systems and selective filters
- 2024
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A specific goal of the field of cultural evolution is to understand how processes of transmission and selection at the individual level lead to population-wide patterns of cultural diversity and change. Models of cultural evolution have typically assumed that traits are independent of one another and essentially exchangeable. But culture has a structure: traits bear relationships to one another that affect the transmission and selection process itself. Here we introduce a modelling framework to explore the effect of cultural structure on the process of learning. Through simulations, we find that introducing this simple structure changes the cultural dynamics. Based on a basic filtering mechanism for parsing these relationships, more elaborate cultural filters emerge. In a mostly incompatible cultural domain of traits, these filters organise culture into mostly (but not fully) consistent and stable systems. Incompatible domains produce small homogeneous cultures, while more compatibility increases size, diversity, and group divergence. When individuals copy based on a trait's features (here, its compatibility relationships) they produce more homogeneous cultures than when they copy based on the agent carrying the cultural trait. We discuss the implications of considering cultural systems and filters in the dynamics of cultural change.
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| 2074. |
- Jansson, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Modelling cultural systems and selective filters
- 2021
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Ingår i: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Biological Sciences. - : The Royal Society. - 0962-8436 .- 1471-2970. ; 376:1828
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A specific goal of the field of cultural evolution is to understand how processes of transmission and selection at the individual level lead to population-wide patterns of cultural diversity and change. Models of cultural evolution have typically assumed that traits are independent of one another and essentially exchangeable. But culture has a structure: traits bear relationships to one another that affect the transmission and selection process itself. Here we introduce a modelling framework to explore the effect of cultural structure on the process of learning. Through simulations, we find that introducing this simple structure changes the cultural dynamics. Based on a basic filtering mechanism for parsing these relationships, more elaborate cultural filters emerge. In a mostly incompatible cultural domain of traits, these filters organise culture into mostly (but not fully) consistent and stable systems. Incompatible domains produce small homogeneous cultures, while more compatibility increases size, diversity, and group divergence. When individuals copy based on a trait's features (here, its compatibility relationships) they produce more homogeneous cultures than when they copy based on the agent carrying the cultural trait. We discuss the implications of considering cultural systems and filters in the dynamics of cultural change.
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| 2075. |
- Jansson, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Modelling Cultural Systems and Selective Filters
- 2022
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- IntroductionCultural traits are embedded in webs of relations and sequentially acquired and evaluated – filtered – in light of previously acquired traits. Incorporating multiple traits and their relations is needed to understand the organisation, dynamics, and emergent products of cultural evolution.ApproachWe introduce a modelling framework of individual filtering of interdependent traits and explore the effects on cultural transmission and emergent phenomena, through mathematical treatment and simulations.FindingsSequential acquisition of compatible traits leads to culturally evolved filters. These organise culture into mostly consistent and stable systems. Depending on the structure of trait relations, they modulate rates of cultural change, exhibit path dependence and punctuated equilibria, and can generate convergent transmission, clustering and polarisation.DiscussionA systems view of culture can give a fuller understanding of the source and character of emergent phenomena. It increases the scope of cultural evolution, whereby faithful transmission, self-organisation and filters can be accounted for by systems dynamics without strong assumptions on innate machinery.
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| 2076. |
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| 2077. |
- Jansson, Gunilla, 1950-
(författare)
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Public and private spaces in residential care for older people
- 2020
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Ingår i: Learning from the talk of persons with dementia. - Cham : Palgrave Macmillan. - 9783030439767 - 9783030439774 ; , s. 209-240
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter presents analyzed evidence of care workers’ fine-grained verbal and non-verbal management of private vs. public space in residential care facilities for older people in Sweden. Using conversation analysis and ethnographic observations, the chapter accounts for the methods that care workers adopt to order space in a way that maintains a sense of privacy and dignity for the residents with whom they work. The analyses demonstrate how they negotiate the private and public ambiguity of space in the resident’s bathroom and in the common living room. The findings suggest that despite unavoidable clashes between private and public spheres, care workers possess methods to manage these clashes. These methods are presented in a summary of practical highlights. Mutual orientation to the neutral parts of the body, and casting the care activity as a moment of shared amusement stand out as prominent strategies that dispel potential aspects of embarrassment.
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| 2078. |
- Jansson Hydén, Katarina, 1970
(författare)
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Kolbs lärstilsteori i teori och praktik. -En studie i hur David A Kolbs teorier används i pedagogisk forskning.
- 2016
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I denna uppsats granskas Kolbs lärstilsteori, dess relevans och syfte i förhållande till teori och praktik. Kolbs lärstilsteori räknas som en av de mest populära lärstilsteorierna i de nordiska länderna. Jag har granskat i vilka sammanhang Kolbs lärstilsteori nyttjats och i vilka sammanhang dessa teorier förekommer vid universitet och högskolor. I uppsatsen granskas också Kolbs lärstilsteori i förhållande till empiriska och vetenskapliga metoder. Jag har undersökt hur ELT (Experience Learning Theory) används som didaktiskt redskap och vilka didaktiska dilemman som man kan stöta på vid nyttjande av dessa teorier i svenska skolor. Jag diskuterar om hur tillgången till empiri som stödjer Kolbs teorier är extremt begränsad och tenderar att vara ett stort generellt problem, detta gäller i synnerhet i förhållande till utbildning för barn och unga. Denna uppsats visar hur och varför lärstilars popularitet växer både nationellt och internationellt utan att empiri följer dess spår. Jag diskuterar också hur lärstilsteorier tenderar att nyttjas ur ett teoretiskt perspektiv men utan hårda fakta (empiri) som underlag. Detta innebär att dessa teorier utifrån detta perspektiv används på ett ovetenskaplig sätt. Jag diskuterar också eventuella vinster med lärstilsteorier utifrån specifika målgrupper men i uppsatsen konstateras ändå att det svenska skolsystemet är inte en plats för vetenskapligt dåligt förankrade empiriska experiment. Lärstilsteorier måste undersökas mycket mer och man måste klargöra dess funktioner. Idag har lärstilsteorier mycket lite med utbildning i svenska skolor att göra. Ska Kolbs lärstilsteorier nyttjas i svenska grundskole- och gymnasieutbildningar så krävs det mycket mer forskning för att klargöra dess syfte och evidens. Den popularitet som omger Kolbs lärstilsteorier stöds för närvarande inte av empiriska bevis och vetenskapliga metoder.
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| 2079. |
- Jansson, Ina-Maria
(författare)
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Challenging the problem of un-democratic participation : from destruction to re-construction of heritage
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Documentation. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 0022-0418 .- 1758-7379. ; 79:2, s. 509-526
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose The present study aims to contribute to the understanding of digital participation in heritage collections as a democratizing practice by identifying and challenging silent assumptions concerning how the insufficient influence of participants is conceived of as a problem. Design/methodology/approach Three carefully selected scholarly texts incorporating problematizations of insufficient participatory agency were analyzed in detail using a method inspired by Carol Bacchi's approach "what's the problem represented to be?" (WPR), with special emphasis on analysis of ontological elements of the problematizations. Findings Participation is problematized based on the assumption that participatory agency risks jeopardizing the protection of heritage and leads to parts of the public memory being forgotten. To challenge the idea that participatory agency is destructive, the present article argues for elaborating an understanding of what forgetting entails for heritage. Framing forgetting as a potentially both harmful and generative concept enables a separation of destructive forgetting (e.g. destruction of historical evidence) and constructive forgetting (re-contextualization). Research limitations/implications The study is based on a limited number of texts, and problematizations are investigated in relation to a specific perspective on participatory agency. Practical implications By understanding forgetting as a potentially beneficial activity for representation and heritage construction, the article provides a conceptual rationale for facilitating re-contextualization in the design of multi-layered information structures for heritage collections. Originality/value There is little earlier research on the silent assumptions that affect how participation is understood and implemented.
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| 2080. |
- Jansson, Ina-Maria
(författare)
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Förord
- 2018
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Ingår i: Tidskrift för ABM. - Uppsala : Institutionen för ABM. - 2002-4614. ; 3:1, s. 1-3
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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