| 891. |
- Rütting, Tobias, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Efficient use of nitrogen in agriculture
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1385-1314 .- 1573-0867. ; 110:1, s. 1-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 892. |
- Rytkönen, Paulina, et al.
(författare)
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Goat cheese production in Sweden : a pioneering experience in the re-emergence of local food
- 2013
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Ingår i: Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica - Section B. - Oslo, Norway : Taylor & Francis. - 0906-4710 .- 1651-1913. ; 63:Suppl. 1, s. 38-46
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The re-emergence and modernization of traditional goat-cheese production in Jämtland led to the articulation of a localized agri-food system that represents the frontline of the return and reinforcement of local food in Sweden. Already in the 1970s, some initiatives were undertaken to formalize the productive activities of this branch and to improve the product quality. The most important project was the articulation of a cooperative that, unlike all other Swedish cooperatives, engaged its members in the development of a joint trademark, development of a standardized assortment, common marketing efforts and finding creative solutions for infrastructure problems. Despite the overall success, we also found some downsides. Producing goat cheese requires that at least two people are involved, because the workload often leads to body injuries and illness for people working alone. By studying the institutional frameworks, rules and regulations, the economic function and entrepreneurial dynamics, and the dynamics of knowledge and competences, the article highlights how and why farm dairies in Jamtland became reinforced and modernized. This grasps both the actions of individual economic agents and their interaction with their environment. A special emphasis was put on the role of regional authorities in this process. Even though many obstacles have been removed and the trade has found successful ways to solve strategic issues concerning product development and marketing, there are still important structural shortcomings that might decrease the profitability and endanger the future development of the trade. There is a lack of experience and infrastructure to solve more complex problems like animal healthand the potential risks related to the consumption of unpasteurized cheese and the increasing incidence of Tick-Borne Encephalitis (TBE).
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| 893. |
- Rytter, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Availability of Biomass for Energy Purposes in Nordic and Baltic Countries : Land Areas and Biomass Amounts
- 2015
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Ingår i: Baltic Forestry. - Kėdainiai : Lietuvos Misku Institutas. - 1392-1355 .- 2029-9230. ; 21:2, s. 375-390
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- This review compiles information on the current state of the forests and analyses the potential of forest fuels for energy purposes in Denmark, Finland, Norway, Sweden, Estonia and Latvia. In these countries the forest area is 61 mill. ha, corresponding to 52% of the land areas, which is high in a European perspective where 38% of the land area is forest (EU-27). Although some forest areas are protected, 75-92% of the area can still be used for wood production. Further, substantial agriculture land areas may also be available for production of biomass for energy. Coniferous species dominate the forests in Finland, Norway and Sweden, while a more even distribution of conifers and deciduous species is found in Denmark, Estonia and Latvia. The total growing stock is around 7,400 mill. m(3) and the annual increment is estimated to about 275 mill. m(3) yr(-1) Annual growth currently exceeds annual harvest, leading to the conclusion that some of the difference may be used for energy purposes in the near future. The current potential for forest fuel resources was estimated to 230-410 TWh yr(-1) (830-1,480 PJ yr(-1)) for the countries included and forest fuels will thus be of utmost importance for the future energy supply in the area. A changing climate with larger standing volumes may affect the future growth positively and increase the potential harvest levels. Estimates from Finland, Sweden and Norway show an average growth increase of over 30% by the end of the century and substantially higher for specific regions. Wood is extensively used for energy purposes and the forests hold a large potential for increasing the production of renewable energy. The potential may be further increased in the future with increased fertilization, extended breeding for enhanced biomass production, larger cultivation areas and changes of tree species and management systems.
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| 894. |
- Råberg, Tora, et al.
(författare)
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Nitrogen balance in a stockless organic cropping system with different strategies for internal N cycling via residual biomass
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems. - : Springer Netherlands. - 1385-1314 .- 1573-0867. ; 112:2, s. 165-178
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A major future challenge in agriculture is to reduce the use of new reactive nitrogen (N) while maintaining or increasing productivity without causing a negative N balance in cropping systems. We investigated if strategic management of internal biomass N resources (green manure ley, crop residues and cover crops) within an organic crop rotation of six main crops, could maintain the N balance. Two years of measurements in the field experiment in southern Sweden were used to compare three biomass management strategies: anaerobic digestion of ensiled biomass and application of the digestate to the non-legume crops (AD), biomass redistribution as silage to non-legume crops (BR), and leaving the biomass in situ (IS). Neither aboveground crop N content from soil, nor the proportion of N derived from N2 fixation in legumes were influenced by biomass management treatment. On the other hand, the allocation of N-rich silage and digestate to non-legume crops resulted in higher N2 fixation in AD and BR (57 and 58 kg ha−1 year−1), compared to IS (33 kg ha−1 year−1) in the second study year. The N balance ranged between − 9.9 and 24 kg N ha−1, with more positive budgets in AD and BR than in IS. The storage of biomass for reallocation in spring led to an increasing accumulation of N in the BR and AD systems from one year to another. These strategies also provide an opportunity to supply the crop with the N when most needed, thereby potentially decreasing the risk of N losses during winter. © 2018, The Author(s).
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| 895. |
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| 896. |
- Röcklinsberg, Helena
(författare)
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From the Guest Editors
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1187-7863 .- 1573-322X. ; 24, s. 305-307
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Annan publikation (refereegranskat)
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| 897. |
- Röös, Elin, et al.
(författare)
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Ekologisk produktion med minskad klimatpåverkan
- 2014
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Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Jordbruket har möjlighet att förutom att minska sina egna utsläpp även bidra till övriga samhällets omställning genom produktion av bioenergi och inlagring av kol i mark. Många av det ekologiska jordbrukets klimatutmaningar är gemensamma för alla typer av jordbruk. Men ekologisk produktion bygger på ett antal principer som tar sig uttryck i ett regelverk, vilket skapar specifika förutsättningar för det ekologiska jordbrukets möjligheter att minska sina växthusgasutsläpp. Här sammanfattas viktiga områden när det gäller klimatpåverkan från ekologiskt jordbruk.
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| 898. |
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| 899. |
- Röös, Elin, et al.
(författare)
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Less meat, more legumes : prospects and challenges in the transition toward sustainable diets in Sweden
- 2020
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Ingår i: Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems. - : Cambridge University Press. - 1742-1705 .- 1742-1713. ; 35:2, s. 192-205
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Western diet is characterized by high meat consumption, which negatively affects the environment and human health. Transitioning toward eating more plant-based products in Western societies has been identified as a key instrument to tackle these problems. However, one potential concern is that radically reducing meat in the current diet might lead to deficiencies in nutritional intake. In this paper, we explore a scenario in which meat consumption in Sweden is reduced by 50% and replaced by domestically grown grain legumes. We quantify and discuss the implications for nutritional intake on population level, consequences for agricultural production systems and environmental performance. The reduction in meat consumption is assumed to come primarily from a decrease in imported meat. We use data representing current Swedish conditions including the Swedish dietary survey, the Swedish food composition database, Statistics Sweden and existing life cycle assessments for different food items. At population level, average daily intake of energy and most macro- and micro-nutrients would be maintained within the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations after the proposed transition (e.g., for protein, fat, zinc, vitamin B12 and total iron). The transition would also provide a considerable increase in dietary fiber and some increase in folate intake, which are currently below the recommended levels. The transition scenario would increase total area of grain legume cultivation from 2.2% (current level) to 3.2% of Swedish arable land and is considered technically feasible. The climate impact of the average Swedish diet would be reduced by 20% and the land use requirement by 23%. There would be a net surplus of approximately 21,500 ha that could be used for bioenergy production, crop production for export, nature conservation, etc. Implementation of this scenario faces challenges, such as lack of suitable varieties for varying conditions, lack of processing facilities to supply functional legume-based ingredients to food industries and low consumer awareness about the benefits of eating grain legumes. In sum, joint efforts from multiple actors are needed to stimulate a decrease in meat consumption and to increase cultivation and use of domestically grown grain legumes.
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| 900. |
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