| 21. |
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Bowald, S, et al.
(författare)
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Pulmonary microembolism during and after aortic cross-clamping in heparinized and non-heparinized pigs.
- 1980
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Ingår i: Acta chirurgica Scandinavica. - 0001-5482. ; 146:5, s. 351-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The occurrence of pulmonary microembolism after aortic clamping and declamping was investigated in 21 young pigs. The prophylactive effect of heparin was also examined. Eight animals were heparinized, while 13 did not receive heparin. In 15 pigs the plasma concentration of fibrinogen was determined before, during and after clamping of the aorta. External detection of 51Cr-labelled platelets and 125I-labelled fibrinogen was performed. Lung tissue from these animals was homogenized and analysed for radioactivity. Specimens were taken from the lungs of all animals for morphological investigation. A significant decrease in plasma fibrinogen concentration was noted during the aortic clamping in non-heparinized animals. Morphological studies of lung tissue revealed numerous fibrin/platelet thrombi, leukocyte and platelet aggregates, atelectases and bleedings. In homogenized lung tissue, areas with elevated radioactivity were found, indicating fibrin/platelet entrapment. No such changes were seen in pigs pretreated with heparin. It was found that pulmonary microembolism occurs frequently after aortic clamping if heparin is not given at an early stage of the procedure.
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| 24. |
- Crossner, Claes-Göran, 1944-
(författare)
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Försök till tidig diagnos av kariessjukdomen
- 1980
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of the present thesis was to find a test for prediction of caries activity which would be useful in routine clinical work.Correlations between oral health, general health, food habits and socioeconomic conditions were investigated in 4- and 8-year-old children. It was found that the salivary secretion rate and the prevalence of oral lactobacilli were factors which might be useful in caries prediction.In 5- and 8-year-old children negative correlations between caries frequency and secretion rate, pH and buffer effect of saliva were demonstrated. However, these parameters showed a wide range of variation.A dip-slide test (Dentocult®), for determination of the number of lactobacilli in saliva, were investigated. The test proved to be reliable for determining of the number of lactobacilli in saliva.The clinical use of information on salivary secretion rate and number of lactobacilli in saliva in prediction of caries activity was examined in 115 14-year-old children over a period of 64 weeks. The number of lactobacilli in saliva, but not the salivary secretion rate, was correlated to caries activity. The number of lactobacilli in saliva seems to reflect the frequency of ingested fermentable carbohydrates and indirectly the risk for initiation of carious lesions. However, when the lactobacillus test is used it is important that there are no such areas of microbial retention on the teeth, as open cavities, poorly executed conservations, dentures or orthodontic bands. The lactobacillus test would make it possible to individualize prophylactic caries treatment.
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| 25. |
- de Luca, S., et al.
(författare)
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Proteoglycans from chick limb bud chondrocyte cultures. Keratan sulfate and oligosaccharides which contain mannose and sialic acid
- 1980
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Ingår i: Journal of Biological Chemistry. - 0021-9258. ; 255:13, s. 6077-6083
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The precursors, [ 35S]sulfate and [2- 3H]mannose, were used to study the biosynthesis of keratan sulfate and other oligosaccharides on proteoglycans isolated from Day 8 cultures of chick limb bud chondrocytes. After alkaline borohydride treatment, three fractions with sialic acid were separated by molecular sieve chromatography. The first contained keratan sulfate which was purified by digestion with chondroitinase to remove chondroitin sulfate, followed by molecular sieve and ion exchange chromatography. The purified keratan sulfate contained about 8% of the 35S activity originally in monomer. The chains had an average length of about 40 monosaccharides and contained only trace amounts of mannose (less than 1 residue/three to four chains). The second fraction contained the majority of the [ 3H]mannose originally in monomer, but no 35S activity. This fraction appears to contain oligosaccharide-peptides of the asparagine-N-glycosylamine type because there were no reduced sugars present and the alkaline borohydride treatment extensively degraded the core protein. The composition of the oligosaccharides, with high proportions of mannose, N-acetylglucosamine, galactose, and sialic acid, was consistent with this suggestion. The third fraction consisted of a series of oligosaccharides with sizes between three to six saccharides. They contained N-acetylgalactosaminitol, indicating that they were attached to the core protein by O-glycoside bonds between N-acetylgalactosamine and hydroxyl groups on serine and threonine. Thus, proteoglycans contain two classes of oligosaccharides, a mannose-rich class characteristic of glycoproteins and an O-glycoside class characteristic of mucins, in addition to the chondroitin sulfate and keratan sulfate chains.
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| 26. |
- Dyster-Aas, K, et al.
(författare)
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Computerized visual field screening in the management of patients with ocular hypertension
- 1980
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Ingår i: Acta Ophthalmologica. - : Wiley. - 0001-639X .- 1755-375X. ; 58:6, s. 918-928
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Visual field testing which the Computer fully automatic computerized perimeter (Heijl & Krakau 1975) employing a supra-liminal screening test procedure was used in a material of 1013 eyes with ocular hypertension in which earlier routine perimetry (kinetic and static) on the Goldmann perimeter had yielded a normal result. The automatic screening was repeated if positive, and manual control perimetry was used in order to confirm or reject identified field defects. This procedure revealed field defects that could be confirmed at both automatic and manual perimetry in 3.6% of the eyes. In the control group the incidence of field defects found at manual perimetry during the same time interval was calculated at 0.4%. Thus automatic screening revealed several times more field defects than manual routine perimetry. Eyes in which repeated automatic screening had indicated defects which manual control perimetry failed to confirm, showed a high percentage of field loss at later follow-up. The results are discussed, and the conclusion is drawn that automatic screening is clearly superior to manual routine perimetry used at present. The most practical solution in many eye departments would be to use a computerized perimeter for the visual field screening of glaucoma suspects.
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| 27. |
- Ehinger, B, et al.
(författare)
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Retinal indoleamine accumulating neurons
- 1980
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Ingår i: Neurochemistry International. - : Elsevier BV. - 0197-0186. ; 1C, s. 29-209
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A previously unknown set of neurons, characterized by their ability to accumulate indoleamines, has been identified in the retina of Cebus monkeys, rabbits, cats, pigeons, chicken, goldfish and lampreys. They are not demonstrable with presently available techniques in humans, Cynomolgus monkeys, cows, pigs and rats. The neurons are called indoleamine accumulating neuron and form a subset of amacrine cells, distinguishable from all other subsets of amacrines with known transmitter. By electron microscopy they have been shown to be contacted by bipolar cells in the dyad arrangement and to form reciprocal contacts on the bipolar cells. A procedure is available for destroying selectively the processes of the indoleamine accumulating neurons. The indoleamine accumulating neurons do not show any formaldehyde induced fluorescence in the normal animals or in animals in which the 5-hydroxytryptamine concentration in the brain has been elevated pharmacologically, and the 5-hydroxytryptamine concentration in the normal retina is too low to make it a likely neurotransmitter. What little is present is presumably in blood platelets in most cases (chicken may be an exception). The rate limiting enzyme in the 5-hydroxytryptamine synthesis, tryptophan hydroxylase, is not detectable in the retina. 5-hydroxytryptamine does not elicit any increase in retinal cyclic AMP. There is an energy dependent, high affinity uptake system for indoleamines but the effect of various inhibitors is different from that on the uptake into brain tissue. Several lines of evidence thus disfavour 5-hydroxytryptamine as a retinal neurotransmitter. Nevertheless, the active uptake of indoleamines suggests that the transmitter of the indoleamine accumulating neurons is an indole which, however, at present remains unidentified.
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| 28. |
- Gillberg, Christopher, 1950
(författare)
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Maternal age and infantile autism.
- 1980
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Ingår i: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. - 0162-3257. ; 10:3, s. 293-297
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a total population survey of childhood psychosis in the region of Göteborg, 20 children (2 in every 10,000) fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for infantile autism formulated by Rutter. There was a male preponderance with 15 boys and 5 girls. Eighty-five percent of the mothers were older than average. Mean maternal age in the autistic sample was 30.7 years, compared with 26.0 years in the general population. The difference is statistically significant at the .1% level. There was a strong tendency toward increasing risk of autism in the child with increasing maternal age. The fathers too were much older than average.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Gillberg, Christopher, 1950
(författare)
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Schizophreniform psychosis in a case of mycoplasma pneumoniae encephalitis.
- 1980
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Ingår i: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. - 0162-3257. ; 10:2, s. 153-158
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A case of a 9-year-old girl with subacute schizophreniform psychosis following infection with mycoplasma pneumoniae is reported. A hasty--and faulty--etiological diagnosis of disturbed family interaction caused additional suffering in a situation in which worries were already overwhelming. A meticulous search for underlying organic background as well as for psychosocial factors is called for in every case of atypical schizophreniform psychosis.
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