| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Florén, Claes-Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Bone mineral density in patients with Crohn's disease during long-term treatment with azathioprine
- 1998
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Ingår i: Journal of Internal Medicine. - 1365-2796. ; 243:2, s. 123-126
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To ascertain whether patients with Crohn's disease treated with azathioprine maintained bone mineral mass better than patients treated with steroids alone. DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: University Hospital of Malmo, Sweden. SUBJECTS: A total of 59 patients with ileocolonic, ileocaecal or colonic Crohn's disease. METHODS: Bone mass was assessed by dual photon X-ray absorptiometry at the level of L2-L4. RESULTS: Patients treated with a high lifetime dose of steroids (> 5 g prednisolone) had significantly (P = 0.011) lower Z-score of L2-L4 (-0.87 +/- 1.11; 11 SD) than steroid-treated patients, who had received a low dose of prednisolone (< 5 g) (0.08 +/- 1.16 SD). Azathioprine did not negatively influence the steroid effect on bone mineral density. CONCLUSIONS: Azathioprine does not seem to affect bone mineral density by itself. However, by being steroid-saving, it seems to conserve bone mineral mass in patients with Crohn's disease.
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| 23. |
- Ohlsson, Bodil, et al.
(författare)
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Time-course of the pancreatic changes following long-term stimulation or inhibition of the CCK-A receptor
- 1995
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Ingår i: International Journal of Pancreatology. - 0169-4197. ; 18:1, s. 59-66
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cholecystokinin (CCK) reportedly induces both hyperplastic and hypertrophic changes in the pancreas. Blockade of the CCK receptor results in decreased pancreatic secretion and atrophy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the time-course of the effects of stimulation and inhibition of the CCK-A receptor in the rat exocrine pancreas. Male rats had infusion of sulfated CCK-8, the CCK-A receptor antagonist devazepide, or sodium chloride by osmotic minipumps. After 36 h, 3, 7, or 28 d the rats had ip injections of thymidine, and 1 h later they were sacrificed. The pancreas was excised, weighed, and its content of protein, DNA, water, and enzymes was analyzed. Histologic samples were prepared for autoradiography. Pancreatic weight, protein, and DNA were increased at 36 h after the start of CCK infusion and throughout the study period. CCK stimulation also increased the content of trypsin at days 3 and 28. The labeling index of pancreatic acinar cells was increased at 36 h. Blockade of endogenous CCK by the receptor antagonist devazepide led to decreased pancreatic weight from the third day of infusion, whereas the protein content was decreased from the seventh day. At day 28, the DNA content was decreased by devazepide. However, the labeling index of acinar cells decreased transiently already at 36 h. Neither CCK nor devazepide caused any changes of protein content:DNA content ratio during the study. Continuous infusion of CCK caused pancreatic hyperplasia already after 36 h. Stimulation up to 28 d did not cause any further effects. The adverse changes found after blockade of the CCK-A receptor showed much of the same time-course.
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| 24. |
- Tisell, Lars-Eric, 1931, et al.
(författare)
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Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy in medullary thyroid carcinoma.
- 1997
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Ingår i: The British journal of surgery. - 0007-1323. ; 84:4, s. 543-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- 111In-radiolabelled (DTPA-D-Phe1)-octreotide scintigraphy can be used to localize neuroendocrine tumours expressing somatostatin receptors (SSTRs). The aim of this paper was to analyse the importance of tumour volume and growth for the visualization by SSTR scintigraphy of metastases from medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC).
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| 25. |
- Adlerberth, Ingegerd, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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Intestinal colonization with Enterobacteriaceae in Pakistani and Swedish hospital-delivered infants.
- 1991
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Ingår i: Acta paediatrica Scandinavica. - 0001-656X. ; 80:6-7, s. 602-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rectal cultures from Swedish and Pakistani hospital-delivered newborn infants were analysed regarding the early acquisition of enterobacteria. Swedish infants were delivered vaginally, Pakistani infants were delivered either vaginally or by caesarean section. The Swedish infants were all breast-fed, whereas breastfeeding was incomplete and often started late among the Pakistani infants. Both groups of Pakistani infants were more rapidly colonized with enterobacteria than were the Swedish infants. Cultures from Swedish infants seldom yielded more than one kind of enterobacteria; E. coli and Klebsiella were most frequently isolated. E. coli dominated in both Pakistani groups, but especially caesarean section delivered infants were in addition often colonized with Proteus, Klebsiella, Enterobacter or Citrobacter species. Breastfeeding from the first day of life reduced colonization with Klebsiella/Enterobacter/Citrobacter. The results suggest that environmental exposure, delivery mode and early feeding habits all influence the early intestinal colonization with enterobacteria.
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Jonasson, Grethe, 1945, et al.
(författare)
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Cervical thickness of the mandibular alveolar process and skeletal bone mineral density.
- 1999
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Ingår i: Acta odontologica Scandinavica. - 0001-6357. ; 57:3, s. 155-61
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Much effort has been devoted to finding methods for detecting individuals with low bone mass and risk of osteoporotic fractures. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether there is a relationship between the thickness of the alveolar process and the bone mineral density (BMD) of the distal forearm. In 24 women (38-65 years), the BMD of the distal forearm, obtained by dual X-ray absorptiometry, was correlated to the difference between two measures of the thickness of the mandibular alveolar process in the region of the first premolar. A highly significant correlation (r = 0.95, P< 0.001) was found. The method was cross-validated by using the equation obtained from the linear regression analysis above to predict BMD in two other groups. In both groups, the correlation between the measured BMD of the forearm and the predicted BMD was highly significant (r = 0.91, P< 0.001). The interdental thickness between the canine and the second incisor was also correlated to BMD, but with lower predictive value (r = 0.67, P<0.001). Measurements of the mandibular alveolar process can be used as one of several parameters to predict skeletal bone density.
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| 28. |
- Jönsson, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Chest wall sarcoma: outcome in 22 patients after resection requiring thoracic cage reconstruction.
- 1998
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Ingår i: Sarcoma. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1357-714X .- 1369-1643. ; 2:3-4, s. 143-147
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose. To evaluate the outcome after resection of malignant chest wall sarcoma, requiring reconstruction of the chest wall.Subjects. Twenty-two patients, 15 with primary tumours, were operated on in our institution between 1983 and 1996. Four patients underwent surgery after a previous intralesional or marginal excision and three patients because of a local recurrence.Methods. The tumour was resected 'en bloc', including skin, muscle and thoracic skeleton. When necessary, adjacent organs invaded by the tumour, such as lung, pericardium and diaphragm, were also removed to obtain a wide margin. Reconstruction of the chest wall was performed with Marlex mesh (n=9), methylmethacrylate cement (n=2) or a Marlex methylmethacrylate 'sandwich' (n=11).Results. The median tumour size was 9.5 (2-20) cm. The most common type of tumour was chondrosarcoma (12 cases). No patient died in hospital. Five patients required reoperation because of complications, two patients because of loosening of the acrylate prosthesis, two because of necrosis of soft tissue coverage and one was reoperated because of bleeding. Four patients died of generalized tumour disease between 5 and 77 months after surgery and one patient died of a local recurrence 32 months after the primary operation. Seventeen patients are alive, with a median follow-up of 36 (4-162) months. Microscopic radicality (negative margin) was achieved in 17 patients but 5 of these had local recurrences. Two of five patients with positive margins had a local recurrence of the tumour. Of the seven patients with local recurrences, two also developed metastases.Discussion. Large chest wall sarcomas can be successfully resected and the chest wall reconstructed with low morbidity and mortality.
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| 29. |
- Levi, Richard, et al.
(författare)
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The Stockholm Spinal Cord Injury Study : 2. Associations between clinical patient characteristics and post-acute medical problems.
- 1995
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Ingår i: Paraplegia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0031-1758. ; 33:10, s. 585-594
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Stockholm Spinal Cord Injury Study (SSCIS) is an extensive evaluation of a sample of 353 subjects with traumatic SCI, constituting 93% of the known regional prevalence population with this diagnosis. In a previous analysis of this group, symptoms such as pain, incontinence, sexual dysfunction and neurological deterioration, as well as secondary complications, such as decubitus ulcers, urinary tract infections, spinal deformity and fractures, were found to be common. In the present report, we investigate associations between a few commonly used patient characteristics, ie gender, age at injury, duration of injury and extent of neurological compromise, and the occurrence of such problems, to assess differences in vulnerability in SCI subgroups. Results generally indicate an increased vulnerability in subjects with extensive neurological deficits, as well as a cumulation of complications with the increasing duration of injury. However, some exceptions are found, possibly indicating differences in temporal patterns of the occurrence of various complications, as well as certain gender-, age-, and lesion-associated variations in vulnerability. Symptoms directly related to the spinal cord lesion, eg neurogenic pain and neurological deterioration, seem to present rather soon post-injury. Males are more prone to experience excessive spasticity and sexual problems. Females experience more fractures and spinal deformity. Younger age at injury is associated with more spinal deformity but less severe pain problems. Higher age at injury is not found to be associated with more medical problems, with the exception of neurogenic pain, among post-acute, post-discharge survivors. The latter finding does not, however, preclude more such problems in the acute stage, since the present study neither addresses the pre-discharge period, nor includes information about mortality. Finally, the ASIA/IMSOP Impairment Scale Grade E-rated subjects were found to report problems to an extent that underlines the restricted sensorimotor sense in which this rating reflects recovery.
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| 30. |
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