| 111. |
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| 112. |
- Jernström, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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A prospective study of different types of hormone replacement therapy use and the risk of subsequent breast cancer: the women's health in the Lund area (WHILA) study (Sweden)
- 2003
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Ingår i: Cancer Causes and Control. - 1573-7225. ; 14:7, s. 673-680
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Reports suggest that combined estrogen plus progestin hormone replacement therapy (HRT) confers a higher breast cancer risk than estrogen alone. We aimed to establish whether breast cancer risk depends on the type of HRT formula. Methods: The cohort consisted of 6586 women, aged 50 - 64 years, from the Lund area, Sweden, with no reported breast cancer upon inclusion. We obtained information such as HRT use through a questionnaire between December 1995 and February 2000. New breast cancers were identified through the South Swedish tumor registry. Results: Between inclusion and December 2001, 101 women developed breast cancer. Only ever use of the continuous combined estrogen plus progestin ( CCEP) formula differed between cases and controls (45.2% versus 23.5%; p = 0.000001). Compared with never users, exclusive CCEP users had the highest age-adjusted hazard ratio HR 3.3 (95% CI: 1.9 - 5.6; p < 0.001), followed by users of CCEP in addition to other HRT formulas HR 2.8 (95% CI: 1.4 - 5.5; p = 0.003). No significant increase was seen in women who exclusively used other HRT formulas. Conclusion: Women who used CCEP had over three times the risk of developing breast cancer compared with never users and twice the risk compared with users of other types of HRT.
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| 113. |
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| 114. |
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| 115. |
- Johansson, KA, et al.
(författare)
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Radiation therapy dose delivery
- 2003
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Ingår i: Acta Oncologica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1651-226X .- 0284-186X. ; 42, s. 85-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In an investigation by the Swedish Cancer Society, the present status, critical issues and future aspects and potentials in each of nine major areas of radiation therapy research were described by an expert group. The report presented here deals with radiation therapy dose delivery, dose distributions, beam shaping and intensity modulation.
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| 116. |
- Johansson, L, et al.
(författare)
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Biokinetics of iodide in man: Refinement of current ICRP dosimetry models
- 2003
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Ingår i: Cancer Biotherapy & Radiopharmaceuticals. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1557-8852 .- 1084-9785. ; 18:3, s. 445-450
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A compartmental model describing the distribution and retention of radioactive iodide in thyroid and other organs is presented. The model is developed from published ICRP models. It is designed primarily for radiation dosimetry of iodine radionuclides used in nuclear medicine, but may also be useful for occupational radiation protection. In the proposed model, the distribution of iodide to the thyroid is assumed to be more rapid than in earlier models. Uptakes in stomach wall and salivary glands are considered, and the absorbed doses to these organs calculated. The partitioning of iodide between stomach wall and content is also discussed. Recirculation of organic iodine is also taken into account. Age-dependent half-times for iodide in the thyroid, as well as for organically-bound iodine are presented. The proposed model is applicable for dose estimations with different uptakes in the thyroid as well as for the situation when the thyroid is blocked, completely or incompletely.
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| 117. |
- John, CM, et al.
(författare)
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Truncated galectin-3 inhibits tumor growth and metastasis in orthotopic nude mouse model of human breast cancer
- 2003
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Ingår i: Clinical Cancer Research. - 1078-0432. ; 9:6, s. 2374-2383
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The goal of this research was to evaluate a potential therapeutic agent for breast cancer based on galectin-3 that has been implicated in tumorigenicity and metastasis of breast cancer. The hypothesis was that therapy with NH2-terminally truncated form of galectin-3 (galectin-3C) will be efficacious for reduction in tumor growth and for inhibition of metastases. Experimental Design: Recombinant human galectin-3 was produced in Escherichia coli from which galectin-3C was derived by collagenase enzyme digestion. Toxicity, pharmacokinetic, and organ biodistribution studies were performed in nude mice. For efficacy studies, nude mice bearing orthotopically implanted tumors derived from breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-435 were treated with galectin-3C or a vehicle control i.m. twice daily for 90 days. Results: The maximum tolerated dose of galectin-3C in nude mice was determined to be >125 mg/kg without overt adverse effects. The elimination half-life when administered i.m. was found to be 3.0 h in the serum and 4.3 h in the cellular fraction of the blood. Organ biodistribution studies revealed that galectin-3C localized in the liver, kidneys, and spleen but not in the heart or lungs. We found that the mean tumor volumes and weights were statistically significantly less in mice treated with galectin-3C compared with control mice, and that fewer numbers of mice exhibited lymph node metastases in the treated group compared with the control group. Conclusions: Galectin-3C is not overtly toxic, and is efficacious in reducing metastases and tumor volumes and weights in primary tumors in an orthotopic nude mouse model of human breast cancer.
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| 118. |
- Jonsson, Håkan, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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Detection of Breast Cancer with Mammography in the First Screening Round in Relation to Expected Incidence in Different Age Groups
- 2003
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Ingår i: Acta Oncologica. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0284-186X .- 1651-226X. ; 42:1, s. 22-29
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ratio (R) of prevalence of screening-detected breast cancer in the first screening round (P) was compared with the expected incidence rate (I) for different age groups in several screening programs. Published data on the first screening round from three Swedish randomized trials and six counties with service screening were used. The women invited to take part in the screening were aged 40/74 years. Not only P and I but also R increased with increasing age. With the youngest age group as reference, the increase was statistically significant for both invasive cancer and invasive cancer and carcinoma in situ together. The studied ratio (R) can be thought of as a measure of efficiency in detecting breast cancer cases in mammography screening. The reasons for the increase are probably that the breast tissue of younger women is denser, which makes the cancer more difficult to detect by mammography, and that slow-growing cancers tend to appear more frequently in older women.
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| 119. |
- Jonsson, Håkan, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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Service screening with mammography of women aged 70-74 years in Sweden : effects on breast cancer mortality
- 2003
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Ingår i: Cancer Detection and Prevention. - 0361-090X .- 1873-443X. ; 27:3, s. 360-369
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Since the benefit of mammography screening for women 70 years and older is unclear, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect on breast cancer mortality of the population-based service-screening program in Sweden inviting women 70-74 years. Among the counties with service-screening programs in Sweden which started 1986-1990 those with upper age limit 74 years were compared to counties with 69 years as upper age limit with respect to refined breast cancer mortality. Allowance was made for potential biases namely inclusion of cases diagnosed before invitation and lead time. Two methods for estimation of breast cancer mortality were used; underlying cause of death (UCD) and excess mortality. With a mean follow-up of 10.1 years a reduction of the breast cancer excess mortality was estimated at 24%. Using the underlying cause of death the corresponding result was 6%. A non-significant reduction in breast cancer mortality was found in the counties with service-screening program including the age group 70-74 years in Sweden. The estimated reduction was larger when using excess mortality compared to the use of individual underlying cause of death.
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| 120. |
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