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Sökning: hsv:(MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP) hsv:(Klinisk medicin) hsv:(Kardiologi)

  • Resultat 9381-9390 av 13768
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9381.
  • Mantani, Polyxeni, et al. (författare)
  • IL-25 Inhibits Atherosclerosis Development in Apolipoprotein E Deficient Mice
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science. - 1932-6203. ; 10:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objective IL-25 has been implicated in the initiation of type 2 immunity and in the protection against autoimmune inflammatory diseases. Recent studies have identified the novel innate lymphoid type 2 cells (ILC2s) as an IL-25 target cell population. The purpose of this study was to evaluate if IL-25 has any influence on atherosclerosis development in mice. Methods and Results Administration of 1 mu g IL-25 per day for one week to atherosclerosis-prone apolipoprotein (apo) E deficient mice, had limited effect on the frequency of T cell populations, but resulted in a large expansion of ILC2s in the spleen. The expansion was accompanied by increased levels of anti-phosphorylcholine (PC) natural IgM antibodies in plasma and elevated levels of IL-5 in plasma and spleen. Transfer of ILC2s to apoE deficient mice elevated the natural antibody-producing B1a cell population in the spleen. Treatment of apoE/Rag-1 deficient mice with IL-25 was also associated with extensive expansion of splenic ILC2s and increased plasma IL-5, suggesting ILC2s to be the source of IL-5. Administration of IL-25 in IL-5 deficient mice resulted in an expanded ILC2 population, but did not stimulate generation of anti-PC IgM, indicating that IL-5 is not required for ILC2 expansion but for the downstream production of natural antibodies. Additionally, administration of 1 mu g IL-25 per day for 4 weeks in apoE deficient mice reduced atherosclerosis in the aorta both during initiation and progression of the disease. Conclusions The present findings demonstrate that IL-25 has a protective role in atherosclerosis mediated by innate responses, including ILC2 expansion, increased IL-5 secretion, B1a expansion and natural anti-PC IgM generation, rather than adaptive Th2 responses.
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9382.
  • Mantani, Polyxeni T., et al. (författare)
  • Interleukin-25 (IL-25) has a protective role in atherosclerosis development in the aortic arch in mice
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Journal of Biological Chemistry. - 0021-9258. ; 293:18, s. 6791-6801
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the entrapment of apolipoprotein B– containing lipoproteins in the arterial intima, leading to local inflammation. T helper (Th) cell 1–mediated immune responses have been associated with atherosclerosis, and the cytokine interleukin-25 (IL-25 or IL-17E) has been reported to potentially regulate Th1 cell– and Th17 cell–related immune responses. In this study, we evaluated the effects of complete IL-25 deficiency or of a temporal IL-25 blockade on atherosclerosis development in apolipoprotein E– deficient (Apoe/) mice. Mice deficient in both apolipoprotein E and IL-25 (Apoe//IL-25/) had more Th1 cells in the spleen, along with elevated plasma levels of IL-17 and an increased release of splenic interferon- (INF-). In support of this observation, a 4-week-long treatment of young Apoe/ mice (at 10 –14 weeks of age) with an IL-25– blocking antibody increased the release of Th1/Th17-associated cytokines in the spleen. In both mouse models, these findings were associated with increased atherosclerotic plaque formation in the aortic arch. We conclude that complete IL-25 deficiency and a temporal IL-25 blockade during early plaque development aggravate atherosclerosis development in the aortic arch of Apoe/ mice, accompanied by an increase in Th1/Th17-mediated immune responses. Our finding that endogenous IL-25 has an atheroprotective role in the murine aortic arch has potential implications for atherosclerosis development and management in humans.
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9383.
  • Mantel, Ängla, et al. (författare)
  • Rheumatoid arthritis is associated with a more severe presentation of acute coronary syndrome and worse short-term outcome
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: European Heart Journal. - : Oxford University Press. - 0195-668X .- 1522-9645. ; 36:48, s. 3413-3422
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Aims Despite a wealth of studies describing an increased incidence of acute coronary syndromes (ACSs) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), considerably less is known about the clinical characteristics and their association with short-term outcome of such ACS. The aims of this study were therefore to investigate clinical characteristics and case-fatality rates following ACS in patients with RA. Methods and results We compared the clinical presentation of incident ACS between 2007 and 2010 and their short-term mortality in a cohort of 1135 subjects with prevalent RA and in a cohort of 3184 matched general population comparators. Rheumatoid arthritis subjects more frequently presented with sudden cardiac death, ST-segment elevation myocardial infarctions, had higher levels of troponin and higher frequencies of in-hospital complications compared with the general population comparators. Furthermore, the short-term mortality was higher among RA-associated ACS (7-day hazard ratio (HR) = 1.65 [95% CI 1.32-2.08]; 30-day HR = 1.57 [95% CI 1.30-1.89]), which were somewhat attenuated but remained statistically significantly increased following adjustment for previous comorbidities, demographics, and educational level (7-day HR = 1.50 [95% CI 1.19-1.90]; 30-day HR = 1.43 [95% CI 1.18-1.72]), and for ACS type (7-day HR = 1.44 [95% CI 1.14-1.82]; 30-day HR = 1.36 [95% CI 1.13-1.64]). Conclusion Patients with prevalent RA suffer more severe ACSs compared with the general population and also have poorer outcomes after the events, which can only partly be explained by increased event severity.
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9384.
  • Manti, Maria, et al. (författare)
  • Maternal androgen excess induces cardiac hypertrophy and left ventricular dysfunction in female mice offspring.
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Cardiovascular research. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1755-3245 .- 0008-6363. ; 116:3, s. 619-632
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrinopathy that is suggested to increase the risk for cardiovascular disease. How PCOS may lead to adverse cardiac outcomes is unclear and here we hypothesized that prenatal exposure to dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and/or maternal obesity in mice induce adverse metabolic and cardiac programming in female offspring that resemble the reproductive features of the syndrome.The maternal obese PCOS phenotype was induced in mice by chronic high-fat-high-sucrose consumption together with prenatal DHT exposure. The prenatally androgenized (PNA) female offspring displayed cardiac hypertrophy during adulthood, an outcome that was not accompanied by aberrant metabolic profile. The expression of key genes involved in cardiac hypertrophy was up-regulated in the PNA offspring, with limited or no impact of maternal obesity. Furthermore, the activity of NADPH oxidase, a major source of reactive oxygen species in the cardiovascular system, was down-regulated in the PNA offspring heart. We next explored for early transcriptional changes in the heart of newly born PNA offspring, which could account for the long-lasting changes observed in adulthood. Neonatal PNA hearts displayed an up-regulation of transcription factors involved in cardiac hypertrophic remodelling and of the calcium-handling gene, Slc8a2. Finally, to determine the specific role of androgens in cardiovascular function, female mice were continuously exposed to DHT from pre-puberty to adulthood, with or without the antiandrogen flutamide. Continuous exposure to DHT led to adverse left ventricular remodelling, and increased vasocontractile responses, while treatment with flutamide partly alleviated these effects.Taken together, our results indicate that intrauterine androgen exposure programmes long-lasting heart remodelling in female mouse offspring that is linked to left ventricular hypertrophy and highlight the potential risk of developing cardiac dysfunction in daughters of mothers with PCOS.
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9385.
  • Mantini, Cesare, et al. (författare)
  • Aliased Flow Signal Planimetry by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Grading Aortic Stenosis Severity : A Prospective Pilot Study
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2297-055X. ; 8
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objectives: Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is the standard technique for assessing aortic stenosis (AS), with effective orifice area (EOA) recommended for grading severity. EOA is operator-dependent, influenced by a number of pitfalls and requires multiple measurements introducing independent and random sources of error. We tested the diagnostic accuracy and precision of aliased orifice area planimetry (AOAcmr ), a new, simple, non-invasive technique for grading of AS severity by low-VENC phase-contrast cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging. Methods: Twenty-two consecutive patients with mild, moderate, or severe AS and six age-and sex-matched healthy controls had TTE and CMR examinations on the same day. We performed analysis of agreement and correlation among (i) AOAcmr; (ii) geometric orifice area (GOAcmr ) by direct CMR planimetry; (iii) EOAecho by TTE-continuity equation; and (iv) the “gold standard” multimodality EOA (EOAhybrid ) obtained by substituting CMR LVOT area into Doppler continuity equation. Results: There was excellent pairwise positive linear correlation among AOAcmr, EOAhybrid, GOAcmr, and EOAecho (p < 0.001); AOAcmr had the highest correlation with EOAhybrid (R2 = 0.985, p < 0.001). There was good agreement between methods, with the lowest bias (0.019) for the comparison between AOAcmr and EOAhybrid . AOAcmr yielded excellent intra-and inter-rater reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient: 0.997 and 0.998, respectively). Conclusions: Aliased orifice area planimetry by 2D phase contrast imaging is a simple, reproducible, accurate “one-stop shop” CMR method for grading AS, potentially useful when echocardiographic severity assessment is inconclusive or discordant. Larger studies are warranted to confirm and validate these promising preliminary results.
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9386.
  • Mantini, Cesare, et al. (författare)
  • Multi-modality Imaging Evaluation of a Rare and Complex Case of Single Ventricle Physiology; the important role of Cardiac MR
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Acta bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis. - 0392-4203. ; 93:S1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Congenital heart diseases (CHD) represent a major clinical and diagnostic challenge for correct abnormality identification and subsequent successful therapy; even more challenging is following-up patient health after multiple post-interventional corrections often required in complex cardio-vascular abnormalities. We describe a multi-modality imaging evaluation of a complex congenital cardio-vascular diseases, underlining the relevance of cardiac magnetic resonance to non invasively solve some issues related to postsurgical changes.
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9387.
  • Mantini, Cesare, et al. (författare)
  • Vieussens’ ring coronary collateral circulation : a natural bypass history
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Acta Biomedica. - 0392-4203. ; 93
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • “Vieussens’ ring” or “arterial circle of Vieussens” is a crucial hetero-coronaric pathway, bridging proximal right coronary artery (RCA) and left anterior descending artery (LAD) when a hemodynami-cally stenosis is established in the either of the vessel. In detail such coronary collateral circulation is usually supplied by branches of the conus artery. We present a case of a 62-year-old man who was admitted to our emergency department complaining of chest pain. Coronary angiography showed LAD occlusion at the mid tract with delayed and slight opacification of its distal segment sustained by Vieussens’ ring. Coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) was subsequently performed which confirmed the presence of such natural bypass and evaluated its relationship with adjacent structures. Imaging, particularly CCTA of-fers a valid tool in assessing the hetero-coronaric collateral vessel. Due to its high spatial resolution it may provide many information about the coronary anatomy by delineating their origin, course and termination. (www.actabiomedica.it).
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9388.
  • Manzano-Nunez, Ramiro, et al. (författare)
  • Could resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta improve survival among severely injured patients with post-intubation hypotension?
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery. - : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 1863-9933 .- 1863-9941. ; 44:4, s. 527-533
  • Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Current literature shows the association of post-intubation hypotension and increased odds of mortality in critically ill non-trauma and trauma populations. However, there is a lack of research on potential interventions that can prevent or ameliorate the consequences of endotracheal intubation and thus improve the prognosis of trauma patients with post-intubation hypotension. This review paper hypothesizes that the deployment of REBOA among trauma patients with PIH, by its physiologic effects, will reduce the odds of mortality in this population. The objective of this paper is to review the current literature on REBOA and post-intubation hypotension, and, furthermore, to provide a rational hypothesis on the potential role of REBOA in severely injured patients with post-intubation hypotension.
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9389.
  • Manzi, Maria Virginia, et al. (författare)
  • SEX-RELATED DIFFERENCES IN THROMBUS BURDEN IN ST-ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION PATIENTS UNDERGOING PRIMARY PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: European Heart Journal, Supplement. - : Oxford University Press. - 1520-765X .- 1554-2815. ; 24:Suppl. K, s. K124-K125
  • Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Background: Women have a worse prognosis after ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) than men. The prognostic role of thrombus burden (TB) in influencing the sex-related differences in clinical outcomes after STEMI has not been clearly investigated.Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the sex-related differences in TB and its clinical implication in patients with STEMI.Methods: We analyzed individual patient data from the 3 major randomized clinical trials of manual thrombus aspiration, encompassing a total of 19,047 patients with STEMI, of whom 13,885 (76.1%) were men and 4,371 (23.9%) were women. The primary outcome of interest was 1-year cardiovascular (CV) death. The secondary outcomes of interest were recurrent myocardial infarction, heart failure, all-cause mortality, stroke, stent thrombosis (ST), and target vessel revascularization at 1 year.Results: Patients with high TB (HTB) had worse 1-year outcomes compared with those presenting with low TB (adjusted HR for CV death; 1.52; 95% CI: 1.10-2.12; P=0.01). In unadjusted analyses, female sex was associated with an increased risk for 1-year CV death regardless of TB. After adjustment, this risk for 1-year CV death was higher only in women with HTB (HR 1.23, 95% CI: 1.18-1.28; P<0.001) who also had an increased risk for all-cause death and ST than men.Conclusion: In patients with STEMI, angiographic evidence of HTB negatively affected prognosis. Among patients with HTB, women had an excess risk for stent thrombosis, CV and all-cause mortality than men. Further investigations are warranted to better understand the pathophysiological mechanisms leading to excess mortality in women with STEMI and HTB.
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9390.
  • Manzi, Maria Virginia, et al. (författare)
  • Sex-Related Differences in Thrombus Burden in STEMI Patients Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: JACC. - : Elsevier. - 1936-8798 .- 1876-7605. ; 15:20, s. 2066-2076
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Women have a worse prognosis after ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) than men. The prognostic role of thrombus burden (TB) in influencing the sex-related differences in clinical outcomes after STEMI has not been clearly investigated.OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess the sex-related differences in TB and its clinical implications in patients with STEMI.METHODS: Individual patient data from the 3 major randomized clinical trials of manual thrombus aspiration were analyzed, encompassing a total of 19,047 patients with STEMI, of whom 13,885 (76.1%) were men and 4,371 (23.9%) were women. The primary outcome of interest was 1-year cardiovascular (CV) death. The secondary outcomes of interest were recurrent myocardial infarction, heart failure, all-cause mortality, stroke, stent thrombosis (ST), and target vessel revascularization at 1 year.RESULTS: Patients with high TB (HTB) had worse 1-year outcomes compared with those presenting with low TB (adjusted HR for CV death: 1.52; 95% CI: 1.10-2.12; P = 0.01). In unadjusted analyses, female sex was associated with an increased risk for 1-year CV death regardless of TB. After adjustment, the risk for 1-year CV death was higher only in women with HTB (HR: 1.23; 95% CI: 1.18-1.28; P < 0.001), who also had an increased risk for all-cause death and ST than men.CONCLUSIONS: In patients with STEMI, angiographic evidence of HTB negatively affected prognosis. Among patients with HTB, women had an excess risk for ST, CV, and all-cause mortality than men. Further investigations are warranted to better understand the pathophysiological mechanisms leading to excess mortality in women with STEMI and HTB.
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