| 41. |
- Pietilä Rosendahl, Sirpa, PhD, Associate Professor, Senior Lecturer
(författare)
-
Twinship from a family perspective : experiences of adults twins, their non-twin siblings and parents
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Innovation in Aging. - : Oxford University Press. - 2399-5300. ; 1:suppl_1, s. 943-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Twins do not exist apart from a family and, for a more comprehensive understanding, twinship needs to be seen in its family context. The objective of this study was to explore twinship from the perspectives of adult twins, their non-twin siblings and parents. Methods: Qualitative methodology based on semi-structured interviews of middle-aged twins, their non-twin siblings and parents within their families. The data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Findings: Twinship was described by the twins as an emotionally close relationship with the co-twin but also feeling unnoticed as individuals when treated as a ‘unit’ by family members. Likewise, the older non-twin siblings could feel unnoticed, due to the parental attention given to the twins and, to compensate, take on a ‘caregiving role’ for the twins. Depending on the parents’ insights on twinship, they could facilitate or limit the development of the sibling relationships within the family.
|
|
| 42. |
- Pietilä Rosendahl, Sirpa, PhD, Associate Professor, Senior Lecturer
(författare)
-
Twinship from the perspective of older twins and their siblings
- 2016
-
Ingår i: The Gerontologist. - : Oxford University Press. - 0016-9013 .- 1758-5341. ; 56:Suppl_3, s. 494-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of twinship as described by older twins and their siblings. Method: Qualitative data based on interviews with 14 Swedish older (70+) identical and fraternal twins and with 15 siblings to twins, which were analyzed with qualitative content analysis. Results indicate that the siblings particularly in larger families substituted as parents in the raising of the twins, whereas in smaller families the role of the siblings were more unclear. In addition to bonding to one another, both twins also found comfort in having a supportive relationship of their own with yet one other sibling in the family and influential in the developing of the individual identity of the twins. For the siblings of the twins, engaging in the raising of the twins, was a way to prevent the feeling of being unnoticed.
|
|
| 43. |
- Pietilä Rosendahl, Sirpa, PhD, Associate Professor, Senior Lecturer, et al.
(författare)
-
Twinship over the life course : Individuality and relationship in the life stories of older twins
- 2013
-
Ingår i: The Gerontologist. - : Oxford University Press. - 0016-9013 .- 1758-5341. ; 53:S1, s. 431-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to explore, describe and understand experiences of twinship as told in the life stories of 35 older (70+) identical and fraternal twins, participants of the SATSA and Gender-studies in Sweden. Method: The open-ended interviews were analyzed with narrative analysis. Results: Twinship was described as relational, i.e, the relationship to the co-twin and as a negotiation between the individual and the twin identity. Three kinds of twin relationship patterns, characterized by different levels of emotional involvement were identified and labelled: nurturing, draining or superficial relationship. An attachment theoretical perspective was used in interpreting the differences in the relationship patterns. Each set of twins showed a unique balance between individualization and the twin identity which also was linked to the type of twin relationship pattern. In addition, these older twins experienced that their social environment tried to impose a twin identity upon them contradictive to their own experiences.
|
|
| 44. |
|
|
| 45. |
- Pietilä, Sirpa, PhD, Associate Professor, Senior Lecturer, et al.
(författare)
-
Twinship and marriage : A challenge to the close twin relationship?
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Twin Research and Human Genetics. - : Cambridge University Press. - 1832-4274 .- 1839-2628. ; 15:2, s. 229-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Twins have a constant companion from the very beginning and if the relationship with the co-twin has been aclose one, there might be difficulties in finding a marriage partner. Based on 35 life stories of older twins, this study focuses on personal experiences of establishing the marital relationship in relation to the co-twin relationship. The participants are a subsample of two Swedish longitudinal twin studies, SATSA and the Gender study and they were MZ/DZ, female/male twins aged 70-91 years. All except one was or had been married. The life stories were analyzed with content analysis. The results showed that (n =16) of the participants experienced that their marriages were negatively affected by the twin relationship and (n =19) did not experience any negative influence at all. The most common reasons for the negative influence on marriages was that the spouses of the twins did not get along with one another or the co-twin and the second common reason was that the spouse felt threatened by the close twin relationship. The consequences of the negative influences were that the twins in a pair distanced themselves from one another. Spouses of the twins who described no influence on their marriage were accepting of the twin relationship and got along well with one another and the co-twin. Those twins who were married to two siblings or friends had the most regular contact frequency. The study showed that when twins get married, it involves not only the two individuals marrying each other, but also the relationship with the co-twin as well as the spouse of the co-twin.
|
|
| 46. |
- Reynolds, Chandra A., et al.
(författare)
-
Gene-Environment Interplay in Physical, Psychological, and Cognitive Domains in Mid to Late Adulthood : Is APOE a Variability Gene?
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Behavior Genetics. - : Springer Nature Switzerland AG. - 0001-8244 .- 1573-3297. ; 46:1, s. 4-19
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite emerging interest in gene-environment interaction (GxE) effects, there is a dearth of studies evaluating its potential relevance apart from specific hypothesized environments and biometrical variance trends. Using a monozygotic within-pair approach, we evaluated evidence of G×E for body mass index (BMI), depressive symptoms, and cognition (verbal, spatial, attention, working memory, perceptual speed) in twin studies from four countries. We also evaluated whether APOE is a 'variability gene' across these measures and whether it partly represents the 'G' in G×E effects. In all three domains, G×E effects were pervasive across country and gender, with small-to-moderate effects. Age-cohort trends were generally stable for BMI and depressive symptoms; however, they were variable-with both increasing and decreasing age-cohort trends-for different cognitive measures. Results also suggested that APOE may represent a 'variability gene' for depressive symptoms and spatial reasoning, but not for BMI or other cognitive measures. Hence, additional genes are salient beyond APOE.
|
|
| 47. |
- Roos, John Magnus
(författare)
-
The winner takes IT all : Swedish digital divides in global internet usage
- 2018. - 1
-
Ingår i: Digital Transformation and Global Society. - Cham : Springer Nature Switzerland AG. - 9783030028459 - 9783030028466 ; , s. 3-18
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the present study, we examined the influence of personality factors and demographic factors on Internet usage. Personality was defined from the Five Factor Model of personality in terms of Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism, while demographic factors were defined as gender, age and socioeconomic status (e.g. income and educational attainment). The results from a large, representative Swedish sample (N = 1,694) show that global Internet usage can be explained by a high degree of Extraversion, young age and high socioeconomic status. Our findings are consistent with some previous studies, but in contrast with others. We discuss contrasting results in terms of different study designs, cultures and time periods of Internet development. The results are discussed in terms of the “rich get richer model” and digital divides, and what broader implication our findings might have for society. The study may help facilitate our understanding regarding future challenges in the Internet design.
|
|
| 48. |
- Roos, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
-
Traits and Transports : The Effects of Personality on the Choice of Urban Transport Modes
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Applied Sciences. - : MDPI AG. - 2076-3417. ; 12:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We examine the influence of personality on car driving, usage of public transport and cycling. Personality is measured through the Big Five personality traits (i.e., Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness and Neuroticism) and Environmental personality. Data were collected through a Web-based panel of adult citizen in the city of Gothenburg, Sweden (N = 1068). Age, gender, income, children at home and residential area were used as control variables. Car driving is influenced by low degree of Openness, high degree of Conscientiousness, and low degree of Environmental personality. Usage of public transport is influenced by low degree of Conscientiousness, high degree of Agreeableness, and high degree of Environmental personality. Cycling is foremost influenced by a high degree of Environmental personality.
|
|
| 49. |
- Runesson, Ulla
(författare)
-
Reducing or opening up for complexity? : The paradox of how to facilitate student learning
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 33rd Conference of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education. - : Aristotle University of Thessaloniki & University of Macedonia. - 9789602436578 ; 5, s. 25-32
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In what ways could teachers' attempts to make mathematics understandable and easy to learn affect how the topic to be learned is handled in the classroom? From the point of departure of two Learning studies - a collaborative work among teachers aiming at exploring and developing what is made possible to learn in the classroom - I describe how the teachers' good will to facilitate learning by reducing complexity had an un-expected effect. It is also described how the teachers successively got to know that aspects of the object of learning, either taken for granted or deliberately avoided by the teachers, were necessary for learning. Two studies - teaching and learning to convert sentences into algebraic expressions and addition and substraction with negative numbers respectively - are reported.
|
|
| 50. |
- Ståhl, Tomas
(författare)
-
Determinants of Fairness-based and Favorability-based Reactions to Authorities' Decisions
- 2006
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The present thesis focuses on the causal role of the people’s relationship to the authority in reactions to allocation decisions. A series of experiments investigating the effects of the authority’s group membership on reactions to allocation decisions are reported. In addition, psychological processes that may contribute to differences in responses to ingroup versus outgroup authorities’ decisions are examined. Because resource allocations across group boundaries may be particularly challenging for authorities, and because the psychological processes guiding reactions to outgroup authorities’ decisions have received very little attention, a primary aim is to examine the psychology of reactions to outgroup authorities’ decisions. Results demonstrate that people react more strongly to the favourability of procedures and outcomes when the authority is from an outgroup (vs. ingroup). By contrast, people generally react more strongly to the fairness of procedures when the authority is from an ingroup (vs. outgroup). Notably, direct activation of relational (ingroup) versus instrumental (outgroup) concerns produces the same response patterns as manipulating the authority’s group membership. Results further suggest that responses to outgroup authorities’ decisions in part can be explained by expectations that the authority is biased of members of his/her own group
|
|
