| 41. |
- Gallagher, Bernard, et al.
(författare)
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National Human Research Ethics : A Preliminary Comparative Case Study of Germany, Great Britain, Romania, and Sweden
- 2016
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Ingår i: Ethics & Behavior. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1050-8422 .- 1532-7019. ; 26:7, s. 586-606
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although international research is increasing in volume and importance, there remains a dearth of knowledge on similarities and differences in “national human research ethics” (NHREs), that is, national ethical guidelines (NEGs), Institutional Review Boards (IRBs), and research stakeholder’ ethical attitudes and behaviors (EABs). We begin to address this situation by reporting upon our experiences in conducting a multinational study into the mental health of children who had a parent/carer in prison. The study was conducted in 4 countries: Germany, Great Britain, Romania, and Sweden. Data on NHREs were gathered via a questionnaire survey, two ethics-related seminars, and ongoing contact between members of the research consortium. There was correspondence but even more so divergence between countries in the availability of NEGs and IRBs and in researcher’ EABs. Differences in NHREs have implications particularly in terms of harmonization but also for ethical philosophy and practice and for research integrity.
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
- Gustafsson, Christine, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Municipal Night Nurses’ Experience of the Meaning of Caring
- 2009
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Ingår i: Nursing Ethics. - : SAGE Publications. - 0969-7330 .- 1477-0989. ; 16:5, s. 599-612
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to elucidate municipal night registered nurses’ (RNs) experiences of the meaning of caring in nursing. The research context involved all night duty RNs working in municipal care of older people in a medium-sized municipality located in central Sweden. The meaning of caring in nursing was experienced as: caring for by advocacy, superior responsibility in caring, and consultative nursing service. The municipal night RNs’ experience of caring is interpreted as meanings in paradoxes: ‘being close at distance’, the condition of ‘being responsible with insignificant control’, and ‘being interdependently independent’. The RNs’ experience of the meaning of caring involves focusing on the care recipient by advocating their perspectives. The meaning of caring in this context is an endeavour to grasp an overall caring responsibility by responding tovocational and personal demands regarding the issue of being a RN, in guaranteeing ethical, qualitative and competent care for older people.
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| 45. |
- Gustafsson, Christine, et al.
(författare)
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Reflective Practice in Nursing Care : embedded assumptions in qualitative studies
- 2007
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Ingår i: International Journal of Nursing Practice. - 1322-7114 .- 1440-172X. ; 13:3, s. 151-160
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Qualitative nursing researchers have long recognized that reflective practice (RP) seems to be a valuable tool in nursing care. The aim of the present meta-study was to analyse current qualitative research on RP in nursing care, in order to create and synthesize the knowledge and the understanding of registered nurses' RP. Using a meta-study synthesis approach, embedded assumptions were identified in qualitative studies that have influenced the way researchers have interpreted and made sense of RP in nursing care. Despite empirical focus in research on RP in nursing care, it was found that assumptions about RP were predominantly based on theory. The reflective movement within the practice of nursing care has mainly a constructivist epistemology, based on learning from experience. The individual nurse's RP capability is essential in providing and improving ethical and holistic nursing care
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| 46. |
- Gustafsson, Christine, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Supportive leadership in Swedish community night nursing
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Nursing Management. - : Blackwell Publishing. - 0966-0429 .- 1365-2834. ; 18:7, s. 822-831
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim The aim of the present study was to examine the support night nurses’ give to staff in community night nursing.Background Studies have shown that support given to staff is one of night registered nurses’ (RNs’) experiences of the meaning of caring. This support, that community RNs display for staff in night-time care, is sparsely described.Methods All community night-duty nurses in a medium-sized municipal in Sweden participated in the present study. Thematic content analysis was used to analyse data from observations.Results The support given by RNs to staff is described using three themes: (1) a conditional supporting stance, (2) preparing propitious conditions for caring and (3) confidence in the abilities of individual staff members and adaptation to their individual needs. The results reveal that RNs consider support to staff in terms of nursing leadership.Conclusions Out of ‘concern for the staff’ the RNs try to be there for them, which corresponds to nursing leadership. Such concern also arises from the RNs’ awareness that by giving support to staff this affects the staffs’ caring for older people.Implications for nursing management The current municipal social care organization of community nursing of older people in which RNs have extensive responsibilities with insufficient control, is a working condition with a risk for decreased quality of care and a high risk for work-related stress syndrome.The aim of the present study was to examine the support night nurses give to staff in community night nursing. Studies have shown that support given to staff is one of night registered nurses (RNs) experiences of the meaning of caring. This support, that community RNs display for staff in night-time care, is sparsely described.All community night-duty nurses in a medium-sized municipal in Sweden participated in the present study. Thematic content analysis was used to analyse data from observations. The support given by RNs to staff is described using three themes: (1) a conditional supporting stance, (2) preparing propitious conditions for caring and (3) confidence in the abilities of individual staff members and adaptation to their individual needs. The results reveal that RNs consider support to staff in terms of nursing leadership.Conclusions Out of concern for the staff the RNs try to be there for them, which corresponds to nursing leadership. Such concern also arises from the RNs awareness that by giving support to staff this affects the staffs caring for older people. Implications for nursing management The current municipal social care organization of community nursing of older people in which RNs have extensive responsibilities with insufficient control, is a working condition with a risk for decreased quality of care and a high risk for work-related stress syndrome.
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| 47. |
- Harder, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Five-year-old Children's Tuning-in and Negotiation Staregies in an Immunization Situation
- 2011
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Ingår i: Qualitative Health Research. - : SAGE. - 1049-7323 .- 1552-7557. ; 21:6, s. 818-829
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article, we have explored 5-year-old children's expressions when they as actors took part in an immunization situation in the Primary Child Health Care (PCHC) service in Sweden. Although children's health and development are the main concern in the PCHC service, their perspectives in such a setting have not been explored fully. To capture children's perspectives we used a hermeneutic design and video observations. The findings revealed children as competent and active participants, contributing to the construction of the PCHC situation in mutuality with the nurse and the parent. The conceptualization of children's expressions and actions revealed how they influenced and dealt with a PCHC situation by using strategies of tuning-in, affirmative negotiation, and delaying negotiation. Understanding children's actions will assist nurses to act with sensitivity when they encounter and support children.
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
- Hassing, Linda, 1967, et al.
(författare)
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Overweight in midlife and risk of dementia: a 40-year follow-up study
- 2009
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Ingår i: International Journal of Obesity. - : Springer. ; 33:8, s. 893-898
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: This study examines whether overweight in midlife increases dementia risk later in life. Methods: In 1963 body mass index was assessed in 1152 participants of The Swedish Twin Registry, at the age of 45–65 years. These participants were later screened for dementia in a prospective study with up to 40 years follow-up. A total of 312 participants were diagnosed with dementia. Results: Logistic regression analyses adjusted for demographic factors, smoking and alcohol habits, indicated that men and women categorized as overweight in their midlife had an elevated risk of dementia (OR=1.59; 95% CI: 1.21–2.07, P=0.002), Alzheimer's disease (OR=1.71; 95% CI: 1.24–2.35, P=0.003), and vascular dementia (OR=1.55; 95% CI: 0.98–2.47, P=0.059). Further adjustments for diabetes and vascular diseases did not substantially affect the associations, except for vascular dementia (OR=1.36; 95% CI: 0.82–2.56, P=0.116), reflecting the significance of diabetes and vascular diseases in the etiology of vascular dementia. There was no significant interaction between overweight and APOE alt epsilon4 status, indicating that having both risk factors does not have a multiplicative effect with regard to dementia risk. Conclusions: This study gives further support to the notion that overweight in midlife increases later risk of dementia. The risk is increased for both Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia, and follows the same pattern for men and women. Keywords: BMI, alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, dementia, overweight, obesity
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