| 61. |
- Nightingale, Andrea
(författare)
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Environment and Gender
- 2017
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Ingår i: International Encyclopedia of Geography: People, the Earth, Environment and Technology. - 9780470659632 ; , s. 1-13
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 62. |
- Nightingale, Andrea
(författare)
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The socioenvironmental state: political authority, subjects, and transformative socionatural change in an uncertain world
- 2018
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Ingår i: Environment and planning E: nature and space. - : SAGE Publications. - 2514-8486 .- 2514-8494. ; 1, s. 688-711
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ‘socioenvironmental state’ conceptualisation probes how contested, shifting, emergent boundaries of the state contain the possibilities for transformative change in the Anthropocene. The paper outlines a research programme capable of addressing the questions: who becomes authorised to govern change, who is required to make changes on the ground, and what subjectivities and pathways emerge in the context of rapid rate change? The conceptualisation unpacks three boundaries: state– society, its socionatural emergence, and the relationships between boundary-making and belonging to address these questions and better account for the successes and failures of attempts at governing an uncertain, rapidly changing world. In this analysis, ‘environmental change’ arises as a stochastic, relational becoming – ecologies and resources are emergent with the social-politics of governing them – suggesting that more analytical attention is required on how ‘environmental challenges’ and their ‘drivers of change’ are conceived and delimited. Together, these theoretical insights help reveal the way that the micro-politics of local resource use and the contradictory acceptance and refusals of authority and subjection are not only products of, but also productive of, larger scale political economies, socionatures, governance, and political struggles. The aim is to contribute towards a reimagination of political authority that begins to capture the complex interplay between our attempts at governing a changing world and the inadvertent authorisations, inclusions, and exclusions that we produce in those efforts. The paper partially illustrates the conceptual ideas with an account of forestry and climate change in Nepal. In a context wherein programmes to govern resources have become of global concern, probing the implications of these points is crucial. It is not only that states govern resources with particular consequences for ‘environmental change’ or ‘sustainability’, but also that the act of governing resources (re)produces the socioenvironmental boundaries of the state with profound implications for how future transformations can unfold.
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| 63. |
- Petersson Troije, Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
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Outdoor Office Work : An Interactive Research Project Showing the Way Out
- 2021
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Psychology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-1078. ; 12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The physical boundaries of office work have become increasingly flexible. Work is conducted at multiple locations outside the office, such as at clients' premises, at home, in cafés, or when traveling. However, the boundary between indoor and outdoor environment seems to be strong and normative regarding how office work is performed. The aim of this study was to explore how office work may be conducted outdoors, understanding how it is being experienced by office employees and identifying its contextual preconditions. Based on a two-year interactive research project, the study was conducted together with a Swedish municipality. Fifty-eight participants engaged in the collaborative learning process, including 40 half-day workshops and reflective group discussions, co-interviews, and participants' independent experimentation of bringing work activities outdoors. Data was collected via interviews, group discussions and a custom-made mobile application. The results showed that a wide range of work activities could be done outdoors, both individually and in collaboration with others. Outdoor work activities were associated with many positive experiences by contributing to a sense of well-being, recovery, autonomy, enhanced cognition, better communication, and social relations, but also with feelings of guilt and illegitimacy. Conditions of importance for outdoor office work to happen and function well were found in the physical environment, where proximity to urban greenspaces stood out as important, but also in the sociocultural and organizational domains. Of crucial importance was managers' attitudes, as well as the overall organizational culture on this idea of bringing office work outdoors. To conclude, if working life is to benefit from outdoor office work, leaders, urban planners and policymakers need to collaborate and show the way out.
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| 64. |
- Petitt, Andrea, 1981-
(författare)
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Women's cattle ownership in Botswana : Rebranding gender relations?
- 2016
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Cattle are often portrayed as a male affair in Botswana. However, venturing out into the Kalahari countryside to scratch the surface of this state of affairs, another picture emerges. There are in fact many women from different socioeconomic background who own, manage and work with cattle in different ways, and their farming is defined by both the connection to the EU beef market and interlinked local processes of power. Cattle are ever-present in Botswana and play a paramount role in the economy, in politics and in the rural landscape of the country, as well as in many people’s cultural identity, kinship relations and everyday routines.I study women’s involvement in cattle production in Ghanzi District to think about how peoples’ relations to certain livestock species produce, reproduce and challenge established patterns of material and social relations. More specifically I investigate how access and claims to livestock are defined by intersections of gender, ethnicity, race and class within broader contexts associated with the commercialisation of livestock production.The objective of this thesis is to explore how different women are able to benefit from their cattle ownership in terms of their social positions and material welfare in Botswana within the broader political, economic and sociocultural contexts associated with the commercial beef industry. Through ethnographic fieldwork and an intersectional analysis of gendered property relations to grazing land and cattle, I show how women do benefit from both subsistence products and monetary income from cattle sales. An increased need for cash together with the possibility to sell cattle stimulated by Botswana’s beef trade with the EU have motivated women to seek control over cattle. There are women who, encouraged by gender equality messages from the Ministry of Gender Affairs, make use of the government’s loans and grants designed to facilitate entrepreneurship to start up their own cattle operations and make claims to the cattle market. Many of these women, who have control over their cattle also benefit in terms of social status and a number of those women who engage in cattle production in ways seen as new and different speak of more equal gender relations.
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| 65. |
- Pettersson, Katarina
(författare)
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Innovation Beyond Borders: On Alternative Feminist Discourses of Innovation
- 2021
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Ingår i: Feminist encounters. - : Lectito BV. - 2468-4414. ; 5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article a feminist intervention is undertaken to mobilise alternative innovation discourses that recognise activity and passivity as enmeshed – as ‘pactive’. Activity is found to perpetuate the mainstream innovation discourse, aligned with a male construct of an active and rational being. Thus, passivity is viewed as a concept that helps problematise, analyse, negotiate and transgress the discursive borders of innovation. The study is empirically driven from ethnographic insights that emerged in two research projects conducted in Sweden over four years, comprising 50 interviews. For the purpose of this article four cases are selected as they provide strong examples of how slowness is affirmed and integrated in everyday practices of innovation where activity and passivity are entwined. To mobilise alternative feminist discourses of innovation we take inspiration from philosopher Jonna Bornemark’s concept of pactivity (a combination of activity and passivity) and Sara Ahmed’s discussion of emotions, where passivity is related to passion and openness. Applying these two lenses to the empirical cases, aspects of pactivity are analysed and four alternative discourses of innovation are mobilised, making it possible to envision innovation as a social process where people stand in relation to their non-knowing, have space to be both passive and passionate and thus are open for enactment.
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| 66. |
- Poudyal, Mahesh, et al.
(författare)
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Governance and Benefits Sharing in the Swedish Forest Commons: an Assessment of the Shareholder Satisfaction
- 2011
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Ingår i: Booklet series of the NRW state forestry commission. ; , s. 58-65
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Unlike forest commons in many other countries, within Europe and elsewhere, Swedish forest commons are for- med and organised in a particular way in that the parcels (or shares) of forestlands involved are privately owned but as commons they are jointly managed by forest pro- fessionals. Furthermore, shares in forest commons are considered as “set asides” of the private landholding (farm/forest) and thus cannot be owned or sold in isolation. This leaves little space for the shareholders to be ‘hands-on’ in the management of these commons, although they are involved in decision making through a management board they elect. Moreover, it has been claimed that the shareholders in the Swedish forest commons do not bear the costs (for management and governance) proportional to the benefits they receive from their commons. In this paper, we use data from a mail survey directed to resident shareholders in three of the major forest com- mons in Sweden (Jokkmokk, Tärna-Stensele, and Älvda- len) to assess their satisfaction on the governance and benefits sharing within their forest commons. This study shows that generally a significant majority of the share- holders in these three forest commons seem to be satis- fied with the status quo regarding the governance/ management of their commons and the benefits they accrue. However, women’s participation in most aspects of the forest commons seems to be significantly lower than their male counterpart leaving them benefiting less from their commons as a result.
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| 67. |
- Powell, Stina
(författare)
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Gender equality and meritocracy : contradictory discourses in the Academy
- 2016
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis examines how gender equality measures and discourses are reconciled with notions of merit in academia. Gender equality is often defined as equal rights for women and men and has become a widely accepted political goal and vision. Meritocratic principles build on the assumption that everyone, regardless of gender, class, race and sexuality, has the same opportunities to advance provided they are sufficiently hardworking and intelligent. Meritocratic principles thus build on the assumption that objective evaluations are possible. Along these lines, inequalities in academia are a natural outcome and not the result of discrimination. However, feminist studies have shown that meritocratic practices fail to reach these objective evaluations and that gendered norms influence who is considered merited and not. This awareness of discrimination leads to academic organisations being required to act upon inequalities and ensure that gender equality measures are taken, despite the strong conviction that meritocracy is already in place. Thus, we have two contradictory discourses that have to be reconciled in order to co-exist in academia. Through which processes does this reconciliation take place? With a view to answering this, I examine a gender equality project at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SLU. The material includes interviews, focus-group interviews, surveys, participant observations and literature reviews. The research methodology is based on action research and the analysis on relational and critical discourse analysis. The research finds that meritocracy and gender equality are reconciled through three processes 1) by creating the gender inequality discourse as a matter for the individual, not the organisation 2) through depoliticisation of gender equality where administration rather than inequalities are in focus and 3) through a process of decoupling where gender equality is separated from the permanent organisation. These processes make it possible for meritocracy and gender equality to co-exist as two important principles of academic practice, despite their contradicting values. However, this separation of discourses contributes to the persistence of inequality in academic organisations. Further, these three processes work to silence counter discourses on gender equality that have become visible in the Gender Equality Project.
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| 68. |
- Shrivastava, Manish Kumar, et al.
(författare)
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Gender and India’s climate policy: Bridging the disconnects
- 2023
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Ingår i: Just Transitions: Gender and Power in India’s Climate Politics. - 9781000969580 - 9780367499686 ; , s. 55-73
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Gender has been central to India’s development planning. However, an overtly development-centric climate policy seems to have ignored concerns of gender equality. This chapter unpacks the various dimensions of this disconnect between development planning and climate policy by contrasting the progression in policy discourse on women empowerment with the framing and evolution of climate policy as a new development discourse. It is argued that the policymaking on gender in India has corresponded very well to the advancements in the academic discourse and social movements for gender equality. Over the years, starting from the First Five-Year Plan in 1951, the underlying understanding of policy provisions has evolved and reflects a better appreciation of the idea of gender equality as integral to development planning. However, this understanding has not permeated into the administrative and analytical apparatus of broader development policy of which climate policy is a part. The idea of social and economic development in climate policy debates is invariably reduced to a pursuit of cost-effective technological upgradation, oblivious to a vast body of scholarship arguing the social embeddedness of technological choices. Not only the climate policies remain detached from the advancements in the policymaking for gender justice, but the academic literature also feeding into climate policy too has taken an ad-hoc approach towards centrality of gender equality to development. The chapter suggests that the provisions in existing gender policies offer a ready reference for better integration of gender justice into climate policies. However, this would require a political determination to keep gender justice at the centre of development policymaking as well as efforts by climate policy researchers to expand the horizon.
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| 69. |
- Westberg, Lotten, et al.
(författare)
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Participate for Women's Sake? : A Gender Analysis of a Swedish Collaborative Environmental Management Project
- 2015
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Ingår i: Society & Natural Resources. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0894-1920 .- 1521-0723. ; 28:11, s. 1233-1248
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Collaborative approaches have become increasingly evident in policies governing environmental management. However, realizing these approaches has proven to be challenging. In this article we discuss why this is the case by using a gender-theoretical lens. By attending to prevailing norms of masculinity and femininity within Swedish environmental agencies, we gain understanding about what implications these norms have for working collaboratively. Our findings suggest that these organizations are gendered, leaving women administrators with lower status tasks, not in line with the traditional scientific expert roles valued in these organizations. The gender of administrators are thus both a cause and effect: The status of collaborative projects is low in the natural resource management organization, which leads to administrators having low status getting appointed these projects, which in turn reproduces the view of these projects as less important. Our findings contribute to the discussion on problems of realizing collaborative environmental policies.
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| 70. |
- Westholm, Lisa, et al.
(författare)
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Food production and gender relations in multifunctional landscapes: a literature review
- 2020
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Ingår i: Agroforestry Systems. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1572-9680 .- 0167-4366. ; 94:2, s. 359-374
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- High expectations are put to multifunctional land use systems that they can provide solutions to the increasing global demand for land and food. In this literature review, we ask whether multifunctional landscapes hold specific opportunities for women in enhancing food production and security in a context of gender inequality guided by a framework of access to productive resources and commercialisation. We review 104 scientific articles dealing with food production and security in a range of multifunctional land use systems across Africa, Asia and Latin America, including agroforestry, homegardens, livestock systems and urban agriculture. We find that the specific role of a landscape’s multifunctionality for women’s opportunities to enhance food security, is rarely explicitly examined in scientific literature. Our review shows that in a multifunctional setting, the products controlled by women are often secondary and far from markets, and therefore they risk being ignored in decision-making or by policy makers. Further, efforts to increase the value of traditionally “female products” risk having adverse effects on women’s empowerment, in cases where powerful actors take over all or parts of the value chain, or appropriate the benefits. To remove these barriers traditional gender roles have to change. However, the instability of gender relations can also work in women’s favour in a multifunctional landscape where several products and production systems exist, providing opportunities to claim new roles or resources, especially in the context of changing external circumstances, such as urbanization, a shift from pastoralism to sedentary livelihoods, or an expansion of the monetary economy.
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