| 41. |
- Dahlin-Ivanoff, Synneve, 1950, et al.
(författare)
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Occupational therapy research on assistive technology and physical environmental issues: a literature review.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Canadian journal of occupational therapy. Revue canadienne d'ergothérapie. - 0008-4174. ; 73:2, s. 109-19
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: To determine future directions for research in the area of assistive technology and physical environmental issues, it is important to have an understanding of prior research. PURPOSE: This literature review examined how assistive technology and physical environmental issues have been studied in the research published in international peer-reviewed occupational therapy journals. METHOD: Five recent volumes of nine journals were manually searched utilizing specific criteria. The publications were classified according to their perspective, application of the Person-Environment-Occupation (PEO) model, and the research design. RESULTS: Both research fields demonstrated use of different research methods and they displayed equal needs with regard to improved research methodologies. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: There are a lack of studies involving all three PEO components indicating a lack of research in occupational performance issues. Further research on occupational performance is important for developing occupational therapy practice in the area of assistive technology and physical environmental issues. Furthermore, study designs reflecting the societal level in all three PEO components are required. Finally, there is a strong need for conceptual and theoretical development in both fields.
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| 42. |
- Degerald, Michael
(författare)
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Leveraging secrets : Displaced archives, information asymmetries, and ba'thist chronophagy in iraq
- 2021
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Ingår i: Information and Culture. - 2164-8034. ; 56:2, s. 158-177
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- During ruptures in state power in both 1991 and 2003, varying groups and individuals seized many Iraqi state archival records, with some later taken outside of the country. Different Iraqi groups gathered unprotected archival records, as did US troops in 2003, while other records were destroyed on the ground in Iraq, likely by state employees, to maintain the records' secrets. Would the information in these records be revealed, destroyed, or used by others to leverage power? Using the concept of information asymmetry, this article explores the battle over information held in Iraqi state archival records by tracing the shifting power relations and attempts to write Iraqi history based on the information the records contain. Accordingly, this article takes up the question of scholarly engagement with the displaced records.
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
- Edvardsson, David, et al.
(författare)
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Fysisk och psykosocial miljö
- 2009
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Ingår i: Socialstyrelsens Nationella riktlinjer för vård och omsorg om personer med demenssjukdom. Preliiminär version.
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)
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| 45. |
- Eklund, Kajsa, 1952, et al.
(författare)
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Outcomes of Coordinated and Integrated Interventions Targeting Frail Elderly – a systematic review of randomized controlled trials
- 2009
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Ingår i: Health and Social Care in the Community. ; 17:5, s. 447-58
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to review randomised controlled trials on integrated and coordinated interventions targeting frail elderly living in the community; their outcome measurements and their effects on the client, the caregiver and the health care utilization. The literature search was made in PubMed, AgeLine, Cinahl and AMED with following inclusion criteria: original article; integrated intervention including case management or equivalent coordinated organization; frail elderly living in the community; randomized controlled trials; in the English language, and published in refereed journals between 1997 and July 2007. The final review included nine articles, each describing one original integrated intervention study. Of these studies, one was from Italy, three from the US and five from Canada. Seven studies reported at least one outcome measurement significantly in favour of the intervention, one reported no difference and one in favour of the control. Five of the studies reported at least one outcome on client level in favour of the intervention. Only two studies reported caregiver outcomes, both in favour of the intervention on caregiver satisfaction, but no effect on caregiver burden. Outcomes focusing health care utilization were reported significantly in favour of the intervention in five of the studies. Five of the studies used outcome measurements with unclear psychometric properties and four with disease specific measurements. This review indicates that an integrated and coordinated care is beneficial for the frail elderly population. There is still a need for further studies performed in different health care systems. There is also a lack of knowledge of how integrated and coordinated care affects the caregiver. This review pinpoints the importance of using valid outcome measurements and to describe the intervention both to content and implementation.
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| 46. |
- Ellegård, Kajsa, 1951-
(författare)
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Time geography
- 2017
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Ingår i: Oxford bibliographies in geography. - : Oxford University Press.
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Time geography is an integrative approach to studying the coordination of human activities in society and nature. It concerns environmental problems caused by humans and aims to develop knowledge about human life that may facilitate social and ecological sustainability. Time geography is interested in the idea of competition in and for time and space, and time-geographic analyses, often applying a bottom-up perspective, study how individuals’ everyday activities are arranged and coordinated in time in the context of the geographical location of important places, such as home, work, and service centers. Planning at urban and regional levels gains from knowledge of how peoples’ access to work, service, and necessary resources relates to regulations; physical, temporal, and societal structures; and capacities for social cohesion. Precisely defined locations in time and space are important for time-geographic analyses. Torsten Hägerstrand, the founder of time geography, suggested in the 1950s that places should be defined by coordinates, which is one basis for geographic information systems (GIS). Data collection on daily activities gains from technologies like the Global Positioning System (GPS) and information and communication technology (ICT) devices. Computers facilitate analyses of large data sets, which are important in many empirical time-geographical studies. The basic time-geographical assumptions that time and place are vital for understanding human life make the approach simultaneously abstract and mundane. Since it is difficult to find precise words to express such complex but self-evident phenomena, a time-geographic visual language—a notation system—gives a processual understanding of sequences of events in time and space. The main concept in this language is trajectory, or “path,” which describes an individual’s movements in time-space. All existents with corporeality are regarded as individuals—humans, animals, plants, artifacts, stones, and so on. Such a take on how individuals of various kinds compete for a place in time-space facilitates ecological analyses. However, most time-geographic studies concern human individuals. Every individual is indivisible during his or her lifetime, and the path concept underlines this inevitable corporeality. Everyone is always located somewhere, and the path reveals logical gaps in reasoning: nobody can simultaneously be located at two places or leave out an hour of the day. In its bare form, the path helps analyze peoples’ approaches and departures to and from each other, as well as the duration of activities and movements between, and stays at, places. But the path does not grant an inside perspective on peoples’ wishes and motives. Time geography differs from most social science approaches in its adherence to the indivisible individual, which implies that an individual can’t be averaged. This bottom-up perspective also implies that some meaning is expressed by the mere sequence of individuals’ daily activities. Time geography has increasingly inspired researchers in other disciplines outside geography—in health science and engineering, for example. In a social science context, time geography to some extent has inspired structuration theory.
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| 47. |
- Elzinga, Aant, 1937, et al.
(författare)
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Changing Policy Agendas in Science and Technology
- 1995
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Ingår i: Handbook of Science and Technology Studies ed. by Sheila Jasanoff et al. (London: Sage). ; , s. 572-592
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
- Elzinga, Aant, 1937
(författare)
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Some current changes un the conditions of research
- 2003
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Ingår i: TRAMES, Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences (Tartu). ; 7:1, s. 21-31
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper reviews a number of models offered to make sense of changes in the conditions of academic research and relates these to questions of science policy. It is argued that several of the new models, like "Mode 2" and Triple Helix fail to take into account a longer term historical perspective and focus too much on harmony and integration while losing sight of tensions and conflict in processes of innovation.
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| 50. |
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