| 51. |
- Kaskutas, L.A., et al.
(författare)
-
Alcoholics Anonymous Careers : Patterns of AA Involvement Five Years after Treatment Entry
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Alcoholism. - : Wiley. - 0145-6008 .- 1530-0277. ; 29:11, s. 1983-1990
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Most formal treatment programs recommend Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) attendance during treatment and as a form of aftercare, but we know very little about treatment seekers' patterns of AA involvement over time and how these relate to abstinence.Method: This paper applies latent class growth curve modeling to longitudinal data from 349 dependent drinkers recruited when they were entering treatment and were re-interviewed at one or more follow-up interviews one, three and five years later, and who reported having attended AA at least once.Results: Four classes of AA “careers” of meeting attendance emerged: The low AA group mainly just attended AA during the 12 months following treatment entry. The medium and high AA groups were characterized by stable attendance at the second and third follow-ups—at about 60 meetings a year for the medium group and over 200 meetings per year for the high group, followed by slight increases for the medium group and slight decreases for the high group by year five. The declining AA group doubled its meeting attendance postbaseline, to almost 200 meetings during the year following treatment entry, but by year five they were only attending about six meetings on average. Decreases in AA meetings did not necessarily signal disengagement from AA; at the five-year follow-up, a third of the low AA group and over half of the declining AA group said they felt like a member of AA. Activities other than meeting attendance, such as having a sponsor, otherwise paralleled the meeting careers, but social networks were similar by year five. Rates of abstinence by year five (for the past 30 days) were 43% for the low AA group, 73% for the medium group, 79% for the high group and 61% for the declining group. Rates of dependence symptoms and social consequences of drinking did not differ between the groups at year five.Conclusions: The prototypical AA careers derived empirically are consistent with anecdotal data about AA meetings: some never connect; some connect but briefly; and others maintain stable (and sometimes quite high) rates of AA attendance. However, contrary to AA lore, many who connect only for a while do well afterwards.
|
|
| 52. |
- Kraus, Ludwig, et al.
(författare)
-
Voluntary self-exclusion from gambling : Expert opinions on gaps and needs for improvement
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs. - : Sage Publications. - 1455-0725 .- 1458-6126.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: Voluntary self-exclusion (VSE) programmes are intended to minimise gambling-related harm. They are considered effective for the individual but several weaknesses have been reported that deter individuals from enrolment. The present paper summarises opinions about and experiences with VSE strategies and assesses gaps and needs with regard to the current self-exclusion regulations and programmes in seven jurisdictions.Methods: A total of 102 representatives from various sectors (research community; addiction help and care services; prevention; regulatory bodies; gambling providers) in Finland, Germany, Italy, Massachusetts (USA), Norway, Sweden, and Victoria (Australia) were surveyed about their experiences with and opinions about VSE strategies, as well as gaps and needs of the current VSE regulations in their jurisdiction.Results: The respondents agreed on the need for and importance of VSE programmes. However, in all participating jurisdictions, VSE regulations at the time of the survey were considered insufficient, and the respondents suggested potential improvements to facilitate the exclusion process, increase utilisation and reduce gamblers’ breaching VSE. Representatives of the gambling industry also emphasised the individual's responsibility.Conclusions: Individuals with gambling disorder require effective VSE programmes to cope with their addictive behaviour. To effectively reduce breaches, technical and legal solutions are necessary. This includes access controls based on complete nationwide registries, strict enforcement and preventing excluded gamblers from accessing unlicensed online operators.
|
|
| 53. |
- Laslett, Anne-Marie, et al.
(författare)
-
A Multi-Country Study of Harms to Children Because of Others' Drinking
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs. - : Alcohol Research Documentation, Inc.. - 1937-1888 .- 1938-4114. ; 78:2, s. 195-202
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: This study aims to ascertain and compare the prevalence and correlates of alcohol-related harms to children cross nationally. Method: National and regional sample surveys of randomly selected households included 7,848 carers (4,223 women) from eight countries (Australia, Chile, Ireland, Lao People's Democratic Republic [PDR], Nigeria, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Vietnam). Country response rates ranged from 35% to 99%. Face-to-face or telephone surveys asking about harm from others' drinking to children ages 0-17 years were conducted, including four specific harms: that because of others' drinking in the past year children had been (a) physically hurt, (b) verbally abused, (c) exposed to domestic violence, or (d) left unsupervised. Results: The prevalence of alcohol-related harms to children varied from a low of 4% in Lao PDR to 14% in Vietnam. Alcohol-related harms to children were reported by a substantial minority of families in most countries, with only Lao PDR and Nigeria reporting significantly lower levels of harm. Alcohol-related harms to children were dispersed sociodemographically and were concentrated in families with heavy drinkers. Conclusions: Family-level drinking patterns were consistently identified as correlates of harm to children because of others' drinking, whereas sociodemographic factors showed few obvious correlations.
|
|
| 54. |
- Laslett, Anne-Marie, et al.
(författare)
-
Alcohol's harm to others : An overview of Australian work and results so far
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Australasian Epidemiologist. - 1327-8835. ; 21:2, s. 10-11
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper provides an overview of the results of 'The Range and Magnitude of Alcohol's Harm to Others Study', conducted in 2008-10. The estimates of harm and costs associated with this harm are described, along with a short description of ongoing work in this field of research. This paper should be read in tandem with 'The Range and Magnitude of Alcohol's Harm to Others: study design, data collection procedures and measurement' article in this issue.
|
|
| 55. |
- Laslett, Anne-Marie, et al.
(författare)
-
Children's experience of physical harms and exposure to family violence from others' drinking in nine societies
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Addiction Research and Theory. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1606-6359 .- 1476-7392. ; 28:4, s. 354-364
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To study caregiver reports of children's experience of physical harm and exposure to family violence due to others' drinking in nine societies, assess the relationship of harm with household drinking pattern and evaluate whether gender and education of caregiver affect these relationships. Method: Using data on adult caregivers from the Gender and Alcohol's Harm to Others (GENAHTO) project, child alcohol-related injuries and exposure of children to alcohol-related violence (CAIV) rates are estimated by country and pooled using meta-analysis and stratified by gender of the caregiver. Households with and without heavy or harmful drinker(s) (HHDs) are compared to assess the interaction of caregiver gender on the relationship between reporting HHD and CAIV, adjusting for caregiver education and age. Additionally, the relationship between caregiver education and CAIV is analyzed with meta-regression. Results: The prevalence of CAIV varied across societies, with an overall pooled mean of 4% reported by caregivers. HHD was a consistent correlate of CAIV in all countries. Men and women in the sample reported similar levels of CAIV overall, but the relationship between HHD and CAIV was greater for women than for men, especially if the HHD was the most harmful drinker (MHD). Education was not significantly associated with CAIV. Conclusions: One in 25 caregivers with children report physical or family violence harms to children because of others' drinking. The adjusted odds of harm are significantly greater (more than four-fold) in households with an HHD, with men most likely to be defined as this drinker in the household.
|
|
| 56. |
- Laslett, Anne-Marie L., et al.
(författare)
-
Carer Drinking and More Serious Child Protection Case Outcomes
- 2013
-
Ingår i: British Journal of Social Work. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0045-3102 .- 1468-263X. ; 43:7, s. 1384-1402
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Care-giver alcohol abuse is identified as involved in a significant proportion of child maltreatment cases internationally. This study examines how care-giver alcohol abuse is related to increasing intensity of child protective intervention in a large Australian database. Predictors of child protection outcomes were examined in 38,487 Victorian state Child Protection Services (CPS) cases substantiated between 2001 and 2005. Likely alcohol abuse was identified in 33per cent of substantiations, 36per cent of protective interventions and 42per cent of court orders. Likely alcohol abuse was a significant predictor of more intensive official responsesuprotective interventions and court ordersuafter adjusting for other drug abuse and other socio-demographic factors. Supporting multi-factorial theories of alcohols involvement in child abuse, likely alcohol abuse was one of several risk factors that remained significant in multivariable prediction of more serious child protection outcomes.
|
|
| 57. |
- Laslett, A.-M., et al.
(författare)
-
Surveying the range and magnitude of alcohol's harm to others in Australia
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Addiction. - : Wiley. - 0965-2140 .- 1360-0443. ; 106:9, s. 1603-1611
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims This study aims to document the adverse effects of drinkers in Australia on people other than the drinker. Design Cross-sectional survey. Setting In a national survey of Australia, respondents described the harmful effects they experienced from drinkers in their households, family and friendship networks, as well as work-place and community settings. Participants A randomly selected sample of 2649 adult Australians. Measurements Problems experienced because of others' drinking were ascertained via computer-assisted telephone interviews. Respondent and drinker socio-demographic and drinking pattern data were recorded. Findings A total of 70% of respondents were affected by strangers' drinking and experienced nuisance, fear or abuse, and 30% reported that the drinking of someone close to them had negative effects, although only 11% were affected by such a person ‘a lot’. Women were more affected by someone they knew in the household or family, while men were more affected by strangers, friends and co-workers. Young adults were consistently the most negatively affected across the majority of types of harm. Conclusions Substantial proportions of Australians are affected by other people's drinking, including that of their families, friends, co-workers and strangers. These harms range in magnitude from noise and fear to physical abuse, sexual coercion and social isolation.
|
|
| 58. |
|
|
| 59. |
|
|
| 60. |
|
|
