| 721. |
- Ramnäs, Mårten, 1970
(author)
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Étendue du vocabulaire et compréhension écrite – le français à l'université en Suède
- 2019
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In: Bergen Language and Lingustics Studies. - : Universtity of Bergen Library. - 1892-2449. ; 10:1, s. 1-12
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper investigates the amount of French vocabulary needed to read (with reasonable comprehension) three authentic novels used in a first semester course of French at a Swedish university. The analysis applies the concept of lexical coverage and uses the frequency lists of Lonsdale & Le Bras (2009). The counting unit is the lemma. This study also examines the common French word list used in all Swedish universities offering French degrees. The results show that 7 000 to 9 000 lemmas will provide the 98 % coverage needed for reasonable comprehension. This is at least twice the 4 000 lemmas contained in the university list. The results therefore point to the necessity of including a vocabulary component also in higher-level French courses.
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| 722. |
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| 723. |
- Ravndal, Ellen
(author)
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La mission la plus impossible au monde: Le Secrétaire général Trygve Lie face à la Guerre froide, 1946-1953
- 2016
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In: Revue d'historie diplomatique. - 0035-2365. ; :2, s. 145-161
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aujourd’hui, le Secrétaire général des Nations unies joue un rôle essentiel en matière de diplomatie préventive et de sensibilisation aux problématiques d’envergure mondiale. Pourtant, la Charte des Nations unies le présente simplement comme « le plus haut fonctionnaire de l’Organisation ». Comment en est-il venu à jouir d’une telle autonomie sur la scène politique internationale ? En quoi le premier Secrétaire général de l’ONU, Trygve Lie, a-t-il contribué au développement de cette fonction ? Dans quelle mesure la guerre froide a-t-elle entravé ou favorisé l’élargissement du rôle politique du Secrétaire général ? La littérature scientifique portant sur la fonction de Secrétaire général des Nations unies rend peu justice à l’héritage de Lie. Le présent article vise au contraire à montrer que plusieurs jalons de l’expansion du rôle de Secrétaire général ont été posés lors des premiers jours de l’histoire des Nations unies. Lie a travaillé activement à l’accroissement des pouvoirs associés à la fonction de Secrétaire général et à imposer cette dernière comme celle d’un médiateur et d’un négociateur majeur entre États membres. Le présent article passe en revue les efforts mis en œuvre par Lie tout au long de son mandat (1946—1953) pour apaiser les tensions entre grandes puissances, accrues dans le contexte de la guerre froide, et se propose d’examiner les précédents sur lesquels ont débouché ses choix. The UN secretary-general today plays important roles in preventive diplomacy and as an advocate for global issues and is widely seen as the UN’s foremost diplomatic and political representative, yet the UN Charter describes him merely as ‘the chief administrative office of the Organization.’ How did it become possible for the UN secretary-general to play such an autonomous role in international politics? What was the contribution of the first UN secretary-general, Trygve Lie, to this development? How did the Cold War conflict impede or facilitate the development of the UN secretary-general’s political role? Most of the literature on the UN secretary-general largely overlooks the contributions made by Lie, but this paper argues that several precedents for the political role of the UN secretary-general were set in this earliest period of UN history. Lie actively sought to expand the powers of his office, and to establish the secretary-general as an important mediator and negotiator between the member states. This paper examines Lie’s consistent attempts to seek an end to the growing Cold War tensions between the great powers during his tenure in office, 1946-1953, and discusses what precedents were set by his actions.
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| 724. |
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| 725. |
- RENISIO, YANN
(author)
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La contribution des enseignants du secondaire à l’enseignement supérieur en France : Effectifs, affectations, carrières (1984-2014)
- 2017
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In: Revue française de sociologie. - : CAIRN. - 0035-2969 .- 1958-5691. ; 58:4, s. 643-677
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The relationship of functional complementarity between teaching and research tasks in academic work varies greatly across countries. Work on the French case suggests that the organization of the categories of teaching and research staff and the system of academic careers has not changed dramatically in the last three decades. By analyzing the composition of the different groups of French academic personnel and the stages of their careers, we highlight the development of a category of staff neglected by the literature: those with secondary school teacher qualifications assigned to higher education, which make up a fifth of the university workforce. The assignment of staff with teaching-only status follows three distinct logics: to provide support for teaching in the fields and institutions with high educational investment; to supply personnel to new fields; and as part of the process of probationary selection for acceeding “teaching and research” positions. These three uses of assignment occur to varying extents in the various disciplinary and institutional fields of French higher education, depending on whether teaching is complementary to or exclusive of research work.
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| 726. |
- RENISIO, YANN, et al.
(author)
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La science comme moteur de légitimité au xxe siècle
- 2017
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In: Revue d'histoire des sciences humaines. ; , s. 7-16
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- L'histoire des disciplines académiques est loin d’être un fleuve tranquille. Dans leur recherche de reconnaissance et de financements, ou leur volonté de refondation, leurs praticiens sont amenés à redéfinir fréquemment ce qui légitime leur geste et la (re)production du corps. Un incessant travail de redéfinition en découle, toujours situé en un lieu et un temps donnés, qui consolide ou déplace les enjeux manifestes de la scientificité – cette justification névralgique. Pour interpréter de telles opérations, les propriétés des agents, la morphologie institutionnelle et la matérialité des pratiques sont des clés de lecture essentielles. Les enquêtes réunies dans ce dossier embrassent différents champs des sciences humaines et sociales (économie, sociologie, préhistoire, critique littéraire) sur une période allant des années 1920 aux années 1970, principalement en France et aux États-Unis. Elles soulignent le poids des enjeux politiques et stratégiques et l’importance des relations avec les autres sciences dès lors que l’on veut comprendre comment les sciences humaines et sociales affirment leur scientificité.
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| 727. |
- RENISIO, YANN, et al.
(author)
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L'analyse des correspondances multiples au service de l'enquête de terrain : Pour en finir avec le dualisme « quantitatif »/« qualitatif »
- 2014
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In: Genèses. - : CAIRN. - 2262-4422 .- 1155-3219. ; 4:97, s. 109-125
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The tool presented in this article, which combines a study of public statistics with multiple correspondence analysis, produces a picture of the group of people under study –in this case, alumni of a class finishing high school together– that is both precise enough for distinguishing individuals and synthetic enough to avoid drowning in the complexity of the available information. We detail the conditions for using this tool and the precautions to be taken, and we come to some conclusions about the relevance of the theory of cultural legitimacy at various levels of analysis and the false idea that “qualitative” and “quantitative” methods exist.
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| 728. |
- RENISIO, YANN
(author)
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L'origine sociale des disciplines
- 2015
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In: Actes de la Recherche en Sciences Sociales. - : CAIRN. - 0335-5322 .- 1955-2564. ; 5:210, s. 10-27
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Based on the variance of the social characteristics of students in all French universities between 2007 and 2011, this article suggests that their social origin is sufficient to account for a disciplinary space and the disciplinary groupings that strongly overlap with the classification by groups of the National Council of Universities. This overlap, confirmed by other characteristics such as gender or educational capital, justifies the assumption that the more or less explicit hierarchies between fields of knowledge, usually premised upon epistemological or practical arguments, correspond with class-based social judgments.
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| 729. |
- RENISIO, YANN, et al.
(author)
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Proximités épistémologiques et stratégies professionnelles : Qualifier l’interdisciplinarité au CNU, 2005-2013
- 2015
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In: Actes de la Recherche en Sciences Sociales. - : CAIRN. - 0335-5322 .- 1955-2564. ; 5:210, s. 28-39
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article analyses all the associate professor accreditations delivered by the National University Council (CNU) between 2005 and 2013 by subjecting them to two statistical operations. The first makes visible the relational space between disciplines through the case of individuals who have been simultaneously accredited by several sections of the CNU. The second accounts for the strong relationship between the establishment of a disciplinary section and the chances of securing an academic position for candidates. This sheds light on an important issue that approaches based solely on bibliometrics tend to bypass : the entanglement of academic and scientific logics. Far from being random, multiple accreditations express both epistemological closeness and professional strategies. The upstream social factors that facilitate the disposition toward interdisciplinarity and the downstream logic of academic marketability to which they seem to correspond make it possible to understand differently the recent calls for interdisciplinarity.
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| 730. |
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