| 61. |
- Deland, Mats, 1961-
(författare)
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Emotions and the law
- 2018. - 1
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Ingår i: International Humanitarian Law and Justice. - London : Routledge. - 9781138477551 - 9781351104432 ; , s. 129-133
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 62. |
- Douglas, K S, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of a model of violence risk assessment among forensic psychiatric patients
- 2003
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Ingår i: Psychiatric Services. - 1075-2730 .- 1557-9700. ; 54:10, s. 1372-1379
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: This study tested the interrater reliability and criterion-related validity of structured violence risk judgments made by using one application of the structured professional judgment model of violence risk assessment, the HCR-20 violence risk assessment scheme, which assesses 20 key risk factors in three domains: historical, clinical, and risk management. Methods: The HCR-20 was completed for a sample of 100 forensic psychiatric patients who had been found not guilty by reason of a mental disorder and were subsequently released to the community. Violence in the community was determined from multiple file-based sources. Results: Interrater reliability of structured final risk judgments of low, moderate, or high violence risk made on the basis of the structured professional judgment model was acceptable (weighted kappa=.61). Structured final risk judgments were significantly predictive of postrelease community violence, yielding moderate to large effect sizes. Event history analyses showed that final risk judgments made with the structured professional judgment model added incremental validity to the HCR-20 used in an actuarial (numerical) sense. Conclusions: The findings support the structured professional judgment model of risk assessment as well as the HCR-20 specifically and suggest that clinical judgment, if made within a structured context, can contribute in meaningful ways to the assessment of violence risk.
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| 63. |
- Douglas, Kevin S, et al.
(författare)
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Psychopathy and Suicide : A Multi-Sample Investigation
- 2006
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Ingår i: Psychological Services. - : American Psychological Association (APA). - 1541-1559 .- 1939-148X. ; 3, s. 97-116
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Evidence suggests that behavioral aspects of psychopathy are associated with suicidal behavior, whereas the affective and interpersonal aspects are not. The authors tested the robustness of this bifurcated association across 1,711 persons and 12 samples of adult and juvenile criminal offenders, forensic psychiatric patients, and civil psychiatric patients. The authors observed a small but significant partial correlation (.13) between the behavioral/impulsive lifestyle features of psychopathy and suicidality, but no effect for affective/interpersonal features. Several method and sample features (mental disorder; psychopathy and suicidality measurement format) significantly strengthened or weakened this association. The authors conclude that it is not possible to speak of "the" association between psychopathy and suicide, but that this relationship appears to be partially dependent on methodological (i.e., self-report vs. clinician-administered psychopathy measures) and sample composition (i.e., age; mental illness) factors. Recommendations for practice are provided, including that clinicians should not consider psychopathy a buffer against suicidal behavior. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2007 APA, all rights reserved) (journal abstract)
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| 64. |
- Douglas, K S, et al.
(författare)
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The impact of confidence on the accuracy of structured professional and actuarial violence risk judgments in a sample of forensic psychiatric patients
- 2003
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Ingår i: Law and human behavior. - 0147-7307 .- 1573-661X. ; 27:6, s. 573-587
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Some previous research indicates that confidence affects the accuracy of probabilistic clinical ratings of risk for violence among civil psychiatric inpatients. The current study investigated the impact of confidence on actuarial and structured professional risk assessments, in a forensic psychiatric population, using community violence as the outcome criteria. Raters completed the HCR-20 violence risk assessment scheme for a sample of 100 forensic psychiatric patients. Results showed that accuracy of both actuarial judgments (HCR-20 total scores) and structured professional judgments (of low, moderate, and high risk) were substantially more accurate when raters were more confident about their judgments. Findings suggest that confidence of ratings should be studied as a potentially important mediator of structured professional and actuarial risk judgments.
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| 65. |
- Douglas, K S, et al.
(författare)
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The personality assessment inventory as a proxy for the psychopathy checklist-revised - Testing the incremental validity and cross-sample robustness of the antisocial features scale
- 2007
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Ingår i: Assessment. - : SAGE Publications. - 1073-1911 .- 1552-3489. ; 14:3, s. 255-269
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Personality Assessment Inventory's (PAI's) ability to predict psychopathic personality features, as assessed by the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R), was examined. To investigate whether the PAI Antisocial Features (ANT) Scale and subscales possessed incremental validity beyond other theoretically relevant PAI scales, optimized regression equations were derived in a sample of 281 Canadian federal offenders. ANT, or ANT-Antisocial Behavior (ANT-A), demonstrated unique variance in regression analyses predicting PCL-R total and Factor 2 (Lifestyle Impulsivity and Social Deviance) scores, but only the Dominance (DOM) Scale was retained in models predicting Factor I (Interpersonal and Affective Deficits). Attempts to cross-validate the regression equations derived from the first sample on a sample of 85 U.S. sex offenders resulted in considerable validity shrinkage, with the ANT Scale in isolation performing comparably to or better than the statistical models for PCL-R total and Factor 2 scores. Results offer limited evidence of convergent validity between the PAI and the PCL-R.
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| 66. |
- Douglas, Kevin, et al.
(författare)
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Violence risk assessment - Getting specific about being dynamic
- 2005
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Ingår i: Psychology, public policy and law. - : American Psychological Association (APA). - 1076-8971 .- 1939-1528. ; 11:3, s. 347-383
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Substantial strides have been made in the field of violence risk assessment. Numerous robust risk factors have been identified and incorporated into structured violence risk assessment instruments. The concepts of violence prevention, management, and treatment have been infused into contemporary thinking on risk assessment. This conceptual development underscores the necessity of identifying, measuring, and monitoring changeable (dynamic) risk factors-the most promising targets for risk reduction efforts. However, empirical investigation of dynamic risk is virtually absent from the literature. In this article, the authors (a) differentiate risk status (interindividual risk level based largely on static risk factors) from risk state (intraindividual risk level determined largely by current status on dynamic risk factors), (b) analyze the relevance of contemporary risk assessment measures for capturing dynamic risk, and (c) distill potentially important dynamic risk factors from the literature in order to facilitate future research. Suggestions for theory development and research design are provided.
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| 67. |
- Douglas, S Kevin, et al.
(författare)
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Reliability and validity evaluation of the psychopathy checklist: Screening version (PCL : SV) in Swedish correctional and forensic psychiatric samples
- 2005
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Ingår i: Assessment. - : SAGE Publications. - 1552-3489 .- 1073-1911. ; 12:2, s. 145-161
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study evaluated the structural reliability, construct-related validity, and cultural validity generalization of the Hare Psychopathy Checklist: Screening Version (PCL:SV) in a sample of more than 560 male and female Swedish forensic psychiatric treatment patients, forensic evaluation patients, and criminal offenders. Structural reliability was excellent for most indices. PCL:SV scores were higher for males than females for total and Part 1 scores (interpersonal/affective features) but not for Part 2 (behavioral features). With some exceptions, PCL:SV scores were meaningfully related to aggression to others, a measure of risk for violence, substance use problems, personality disorder (positive), and psychosis (negative). Correlations between PCL:SV and aggression were larger for females than males, although the difference was smaller when personality disorder was held constant. The structural reliability and pattern of validity coefficients were comparable in these Swedish samples to other non-North American samples. Implications for the cross-cultural manifestation and correlates of psychopathy are discussed.
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| 68. |
- Edens, JF, et al.
(författare)
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Assessment of interpersonal aggression and violence - Introduction to the special issue : Editorial
- 2006
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Ingår i: Assessment. - : SAGE Publications. - 1073-1911 .- 1552-3489. ; 13:3, s. 221-226
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Violence and interpersonal aggression are considered major public health problems throughout the world. Yet there is considerable variability in how these terms are operationalized, measured, and studied in the social sciences, which can lead to ambiguity and confusion in the field. In this introduction to the special issue, the authors highlight some of the difficulties inherent in studying interpersonal aggression and violence and briefly review the heterogeneous nature of the research conducted in this area. The authors conclude with a summary of the key findings of the articles that appear in this special issue.
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| 69. |
- Edquist, Samuel, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Inledning
- 2022
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Ingår i: Makten över information. - Uppsala : Centrum för mångvetenskaplig forskning om religion och samhälle (CRS), Uppsala universitet. ; , s. 3-7
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 70. |
- Elliot, Viktor, et al.
(författare)
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National implications of EU harmonization - The case of banks' reporting requirements in Sweden
- 2019
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The purpose of this paper is to discuss how internationally formulated policies and regulation of banks affect national supervisory practices and what consequences this may have on the form and quality of banking supervision conducted on the national level. Using the case of Swedish banks’ reporting requirements, we argue that the last decade of EU level regulatory reforms are motivated by a different “regulatory agreement” (Young 2016) than the Swedish one. In the decade since the global financial crisis 2007-2009, banking regulation reforms appear to be shaped by a view that all financial institutions are more or less immoral and cannot be trusted to self-regulate. The development can be characterized as a move from a dialogue based relationship between the supervisor and the supervised (Roberts, 2009) and being based on fairly high levels of trust (Tomkins, 2001), to a more quantitative and centralized supervision based on collection and comparison of large amounts of standardized quantitative data. We argue that Swedish financial regulation and supervision traditionally were based on the notion of dialogue and mutual trust and less on extensive reporting requirements. Thus, for Sweden to conform to the post-crisis international regulatory framework, this means abandoning what appears to be a fairly well-functioning national arrangement.
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