| 21. |
- Oddsdottír, Embla Eir, et al.
(författare)
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Gender Equality for a Thriving, Sustainable Arctic
- 2021
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Ingår i: Sustainability. - : MDPI AG. - 2071-1050. ; 13:19
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- On 21 May 2021, a milestone Pan-Arctic Report: Gender Equality in the Arctic was publishedin tandem with the Arctic Council’s Ministerial Meeting held in Reykjavík, 19–20 May 2021. This articleprovides a brief review of the report and its major findings across six chapters that address key themesconcerning gender equality in the Arctic: Law and Governance, Security, Gender and Environment,Migration and Mobility, Indigeneity, Gender, Violence, Reconciliation and Empowerment and Fate Control.A major conclusion of the report is that accessible, comparable, gender-disaggregated, and Arctic -specificdata is severely lacking. Further, all chapters highlight the importance of gender-based analysis and gendermainstreaming in all decision-making processes at national and regional levels. The varying roles thatgender—and its intersections with existing inequalities—plays in mediating the impacts of climate changeand other socioeconomic transformations are also discussed throughout the report. The Arctic Councilis identified as the main driver for implementing recommendations that were provided and discussedat the Council’s Ministerial Meeting and in the Reykjavík Declaration 2021, where the eight ministers ofArctic states “Emphasize[s] the importance of gender equality and respect for diversity for sustainabledevelopment in the Arctic. . .encourage[s] the mainstreaming of gender-based analysis in the work of theArctic Council and call[s] for further action to advance gender equality in the Arctic”. This report and itspolicy relevant highlights, address these priorities and serve as a knowledge base for promoting genderequality and non-discrimination in the Arctic.
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| 22. |
- Svensson, Eva-Maria, 1958, et al.
(författare)
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D 4.1 Report on legal and public policies proposals to address anti-gender hate speech
- 2021
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The objective with this report is to present proposals of public policies, legislation, and self-regulation to address anti-gender hate speech directed towards individuals, groups and the principle of equal value and equal rights for all, a fundamental principle of any democratic society. In addition, the report will also point out knowledge gaps and need for more research. The proposals are, to start with, based on the findings in the GENHA project and discussions with various stakeholders at workshops held in the five countries Germany, Hungary, Italy, Spain and Sweden during October 2021. They are moreover based on the presumption that hate speech is an act, which is or can be interlinked with other acts of violence exercised against women, groups of women, individual women or groups of people for their gender identity, gender expression or sexual orientation (in the project included in ‘gender’). As such this violence is a violation of the basic values of democracy. Additionally, anti-gender hate speech may silence some voices and hence, restricts freedom of expression. Thus, anti-gender hate speech is a form of violence against women1, and others included in the concept of gender, and therefore, cyberviolence should be labelled in national and European legislations as a form of gender violence and violation of human rights. It also threatens basic democratic values such as freedom of expression and a diversity of voices.
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| 23. |
- Svensson, Eva-Maria, 1958, et al.
(författare)
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Distanciation and inequalities in the Finnish and Swedish monitoring of elder care housing in Arctic communities
- 2023
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Ingår i: Distance, Equity and Older People’s Experiences in the Nordic Periphery Centering the Local. Edited By Shahnaj Begum, Joan R. Harbison, Päivi Naskali, Minna Zechner. - London, UK : Routledge. - 9781032248301
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Finnish and Swedish legislation on elder care housing aims at empowering and promoting the capability of older persons. In this chapter, the regional monitoring of such elder care housing is studied. The broad context is the Nordic welfare model, in recent years transformed into what is now called New Public Management. We ask how the governmental bodies in the Northern region monitor elder care housing and how they react to information and complaints from various stakeholders regarding the housing services. To accomplish this, we apply Therborn’s mechanisms of producing inequalities and how they hinder capability as a theoretical analytical tool by specifically examining the mechanisms of distanciation and exclusion. We then use it to illustrate the monitoring process and analyze the data. Based on a limited number of informal and formal complaints filed at the monitoring bodies (AVI and IVO), we raise concerns about inequalities and distanciation mechanisms that may be the result of a monitoring system that relies on presumed individual capabilities that are not always present. As not everyone has the capability to make a complaint, a system that places the right and the responsibility to complain on an individual level may lead to winners and losers.
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| 24. |
- Svensson, Eva-Maria, 1958
(författare)
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Gender Equality in Public Governance of the Arctic
- 2014
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Ingår i: Gender Equality in the Arctic - conference. Akureyri, Island, 30-31 Oktober 2014..
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Gender equality has so far not been a highly topical issue for public governance bodies in the Arctic, despite it being reasonable to expect public bodies to strive for. It is also reasonable to expect the bodies to use gender-mainstreaming as a method in all its activities, until the objective is reached. It is reasonable to expect them to do so, due to extensive obligations for and commitments by States to take all appropriate measures to achieve gender equality. Gender equality is defined as a fundamental value and as an objective in law and policies all over the world. The main international document is the Convention to Eliminate All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW), legally binding for State Parties (i.e. States having ratified the Convention). With the exception of the US, all the Arctic states have ratified the convention, as well as the extensive implementation obligations spelled out in the Beijing Platform for Action. More over, almost all these countries have implemented domestic governance structures with the aim to promote equality between women and men. Gender equality is moreover defined through certain indicators, used when measuring gender equality, in indexes such as the World Economic Forum’s Global Gender Gap Index. Gender equality is defined in many other contexts as well, but in policy and legal it is defined as a relationship between men and women concerning rights, responsibilities and opportunities in all aspects of life. Taking this as a starting-point, the objective of gender equality is not achieved in the Arctic region. In fact gender equality is not achieved in any part of the world, but the situation in a State compared to other can be better or worse. The eight Arctic circumpolar countries are all among the richest and most prosperous in the world. However, high levels of human development do not necessarily guarantee high levels of gender equality. Observations made by the Committee connected to CEDAW based on State Parties country reports, shows a gender unequal situation in all of the Arctic States, and more in some of them. If the Arctic and northern regions of these countries were evaluated and ranked separately from the rest of the regions in each country, there is no doubt that those human development and gender equality rankings would be quite different. It is clear that indigenous peoples’ levels of human development are far lower than their country averages, and what is more that indigenous women suffer from both formal and substantial inequality and discrimination more than non-indigenous women do. Problems of migration, mobility, gendered violence, and political representation have been identified as problems of gender inequality (Arctic Human Development Report, Williamson et al., 2004). New research on these and other problems, such as the effects of cross-border marriages, intergenerational demographic changes, trafficking, diverse patterns of indigenous recognition and self-determination, and economic issues, has more recently been identified and is currently being conducted by some research network (e.g. TUAQ). In this presentation I will reflect on if and how public governance of the Arctic work with gender equality, in order to meet the needs and interests of all citizens and to promote equal access to resources, rights and voices.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Svensson, Eva-Maria, 1958
(författare)
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Gender justice
- 2016
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Ingår i: The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Gender and Sexuality Studies. - Singapore : John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.. - 9781405196949
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Gender justice is a multifaceted concept, mostly related to the view on men and women as valued equally and the statement that men and women should be treated equally. Much of the rhetoric, policy, legislation, practical action, and theoretical perspective on gender justice is anchored in a human rights framework. Theoretical presumptions on both gender and justice impact the understanding of what gender justice is or should be, and how gender justice can or should be reached. Scholars within gender studies have analyzed and questioned these presumptions, as well as the political and legal manifestations of gender justice, and reflected on the many ways of understanding gender justice. The different ways of understanding gender justice can be structured around two main aspects, gender justice as a question of identity and recognition, and gender justice as a question of rights and responsibilities and of distribution of these between men and women.
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| 27. |
- Svensson, Eva-Maria, 1958, et al.
(författare)
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The Capabilities Approach and the Concept of Self-Determination, Legal Competence and Human Dignity in the Social Services for Older People
- 2022
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Ingår i: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Capability in Age and Ageing. - New York : Springer. - 9783030780630 ; , s. 175-189
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this chapter, the tension between self-determination and human dignity in the Swedish legal system of social care for older people is analysed with help of the capabilities approach. The core focus of this approach is the individual person’s capability to make decisions. Also important is a supportive societal system that enables the realisation of self-determination, specifically for individuals who are not fully capable of making arrangements for themselves. The capabilities approach emphasises the responsibility of the State and can be used to analyse the impact of legal and political obligations for nation-states, and to balance the increased focus on self-determination and the quest for increased capabilities among older people. In the context of a dismantled welfare state, a one-sided focus on individual autonomy might turn out to be a double-edged sword, leaving the individual with self-determination but no (or insufficient) available care to decide about. In this chapter, the underlying principles of practical decisions are theoretically explored and reflected upon. Of specific relevance is human dignity (in addition to enhancing individual freedom), normativity (a set of fundamental capabilities is identified) and the central role of the nation-state (as the responsible political subject for the achievement of minimum thresholds for all capabilities).
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| 28. |
- Svensson, Eva-Maria, 1958, et al.
(författare)
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The Pan-Arctic Report on Gender Equality in the Arctic: Moving Forward!
- 2023
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Ingår i: The Yearbook of Polar Law. - 1876-8814. ; 14:1, s. 205-223
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This article takes as its starting-point the Pan-Arctic report on Gender Equality in the Arctic (GEA report) and, in specific, the chapter on law and governance. Its aim is to provide an overview of the report’s chapter on law & governance. It provides a discus- sion on why gender equality is important in general and more specifically in the Arctic region, followed by a review of the chapter on law and governance and its findings through policy relevant highlights. The report demonstrated that Arctic governance does not prioritise gender equality and, more generally, that the goal of gender equal- ity is not fulfilled within the region. The chapter on law and governance highlights the need for shared gender equality commitments in Arctic public governing bodies and for a gender equality policy for the Arctic Council, including the application of an intersectional approach. Further, that Arctic States should collaborate to incorporate gender into the development of Arctic strategies. Finally, the report’s recommenda- tions, major areas of research interest and the next steps are discussed.
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