| 20571. |
- Lindfors, Petra, et al.
(författare)
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Job demands and job resources as related to job attitudes and work-related health outcomes among women and men with different occupations
- 2017
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- State of the art: Several models, including the job demands-resources (JD-R) model, describe how various psychosocial factors at work relate to different outcomes. This has resulted in abundant empirical research. Such primary research findings have been summarized in reviews and meta-analyses. Overall results show that job demands link to poorer attitudes, behaviours and health-related outcomes while resources typically link to attitudes, behaviours and health-related outcomes beneficial for both employers and individual employees. However, much secondary research focuses on specific outcomes meaning that few bring together a range of outcomes.New perspectives/contributions: Using the JD-R model as a meta-model, this symposium presents how job demands and resources relate a number of outcomes ranging from attitudes and behaviours to health-related outcomes. Additionally, factors such as gender and occupation are addressed. Specifically, two contributions introduce meta-review findings investigating how demands and resources relate to different outcomes while also addressing gender and occupation. The third contribution is a primary study of psychosocial factors at work and health in women and men within one occupation. The fourth contribution is a primary study of another occupation and uses a different design focusing on the interplay between different levels. The symposium ends with a discussion addressing assessment, integration of findings, and the balancing of different levels.Research/practical implications: The contributions and the final discussion aim to inform and inspire researchers and practitioners to address thoroughly the impact of psychosocial factors for women and men working in different contexts and occupations.
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| 20572. |
- Lindfors, Petra, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Job Insecurity, Job Autonomy, and Sickness Presenteeism Among Faculty in Swedish Higher Education : Investigating Burnout as a Mediator
- 2024
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Ingår i: Book of Proceedings. - : European Academy of Occupational Health Psychology. - 9780992878672 ; , s. 524-525
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Sickness presenteeism, or presenteeism, refers to working while ill, instead of being on sick leave. Presenteeism is associated with adverse health including poor self-rated health, depression, and future health adversity. Moreover, factors of the psychosocial work environment, including demands, have be related to presenteeism. Work in higher education is increasingly characterized by high demands such as job insecurity. This may lead faculty to work longer and harder, in efforts to keep the job. This may, in turn, be associated with greater presenteeism. Conversely, resources, including autonomy are related to employee health. Work in higher education is often characterized by high autonomy. This may, in turn, be associated with lower presenteeism. Job insecurity and autonomy may have direct relationships to presenteeism. However, the relationships between demands and resources and health behaviours such as presenteeism may be mediated through a process of health impairment, namely burnout. This study aimed to investigate if and how job insecurity (a demand) and autonomy (a resource) are associated with sickness presenteeism, and whether burnout mediated the relationship, among faculty in Swedish academia. Specifically, four hypotheses were tested: 1) job insecurity is positively associated with presenteeism, 2) autonomy is negatively associated with presenteeism, 3) the relationship between job insecurity and presenteeism is mediated by burnout: job insecurity has a positive relationship with burnout, and burnout has a positive relationship with presenteeism, and 4) the relationship between autonomy and presenteeism is mediated by burnout: autonomy has a negative relationship with burnout, and burnout has a positive association with presenteeism.Method: Self-reports of quantitative job insecurity, autonomy, burnout, and presenteeism were collected via online questionnaires. The analytic sample included 1899 individuals (55% women; mean age: 48 years), with a doctoral degree, working in Swedish higher education institutions. Structural equation modelling was performed to test the hypotheses. Direct and indirect effects were tested separately in two models.Results: The first direct effects model showed that increasing job insecurity was associated with increasing presenteeism, thus confirming hypothesis 1. Moreover, increasing autonomy was associated with decreasing presenteeism which confirmed hypothesis 2. The second model, testing burnout as a mediator, provided support for hypothesis 3, showing that job insecurity had a positive, indirect effect on presenteeism via burnout. Finally, burnout was found to mediate the relationship between autonomy and presenteeism so that autonomy had a negative effect on presenteeism via burnout, which confirmed hypothesis 4. Overall, the indirect model fit the data better and explained 24 percent of the variance in burnout and 6 percent of the variance in presenteeism.Conclusion: This cross-sectional study suggests that faculty in Swedish academia facing job insecurity may experience increasing burnout and increasing presenteeism. Importantly, however, autonomy seems a beneficial resource. This is important given any future implications for the work ability of faculty who work when ill.
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| 20573. |
- Lindfors, Petra, et al.
(författare)
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Linking self-reported stress to aggregate cortisol measures and recurrent pain in midadolescent girls and boys
- 2014
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Ingår i: International Journal of Behavioral Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1070-5503 .- 1532-7558. ; 21:S1, s. S179-S180
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Previous research has developed an 11-item self-report measure assessing activation and pressure stress among adolescents. However, the biological correlates of this measure are unclear. Considering this, the present study investigated how perceived stress relates to aggregate cortisol measures and recurrent pain in mid-adolescent girls and boys. Methods: Mid-adolescents (119 girls and 56 boys) provided self-ratings of activation and pressure stress and recurrent pain (headache, stomachache, neck/shoulder and back pain) in questionnaires. Additionally, adolescents sampled saliva during an ordinary school day: 1) immediately at awakening, 2) 30 minutes after waking up, 3) 60minutes after waking up, and 4) at 8 p.m. Aggregate cortisol measures including ground and increase measures of the area under the curve and a diurnal slope measure were computed. Hierarchical regression analyseswere performed for girls and boys respectively. Results: Activation and pressure were significantly associated with recurrent pain in girls but not in boys. However, there were no significant associations between self-ratings of stress and salivary cortisol, neither for girls nor for boys. Conclusion:While self-rated activation and pressure stress were related to recurrent pain in girls, but not in boys, neither activation nor pressure was linked to any of the aggregate cortisol measures. The differences between subjective and objective measures perhaps relate to these measures reflecting distinct and unrelated aspects of functioning. However, the findings may also result from the participants being mid-adolescents whose bodily systems are flexible and still unaffected by daily activation and pressure stress.
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| 20574. |
- Lindfors, Petra, et al.
(författare)
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Nätbaserad stressprevention med individfokus : resultat från en pilotstudie
- 2018
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Ingår i: FALF konferens 2018, arbetet - problem eller potential för en hållbar livsmiljö? Program & Abstracts. ; , s. 73-73
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bakgrund: Då stressrelaterad ohälsa visat sig vara förenad med kostnader på olika nivåer är det angeläget att utveckla och utvärdera lättillgängliga, utbildande och förebyggande insatser avseende stresshantering. Sådana insatser kan rikta sig till individer i en specifik kontext på en arbetsplats eller inom en organisation, eller till yrkesarbetande i samhället generellt. Tidigare forskning har visat att interventioner som levereras via informations- och kommunikationstekniska hjälpmedel har god effekt och kan minska stress. Det här innebär att förebyggande insatser som levereras med hjälp av informations-och kommunikationsteknik har potential att nå många till en förhållandevis låg kostnad och att dessa insatser också kan vara effektiva.Syfte: Föreliggande pilotstudie syftade till att undersöka genomförbarhet och effekt hos ett nätbaserat förebyggande stresshanteringsprogram bland yrkesarbetande kvinnor och män.Metod: Totalt slumpades ett bekvämlighetsurval av 138 personer med tjänstemannayrken till en aktiv grupp eller till en väntelistegrupp. Individerna i den aktiva gruppen fick så snart de besvarat en webbenkät tillgång det nätbaserade stresshanteringsprogrammet (n = 58). Självskattningar avseende stress och stressrelaterade besvär samlades in vid två tidpunk-ter: 1) innan stresshanteringsprogrammet påbörjades samt 2) efter att det avslutades. Vid det andra mättillfället ombads de personer som genomgått stresshanteringsprogrammet (n=25) också besvara frågor om möjligheter och hinder för sitt genomförande av pro-grammet. Stresshanteringsprogrammet som användes omfattar sju avsnitt där varje avsnitt tar ungefär en vecka. Programmet fungerar som en självinstruerande distansutbildning och innehåller ljud- och bildfiler samt övningsuppgifter.Resultat: När det handlar om genomförbarhet framkom att följsamheten i den aktiva gruppen var låg. Det kan hänga samman med tekniska lösningar i stresshanteringsprogrammet visavi individers egna preferenser för användning av programmet. Analysen av självskattningar i enkät visade inga statistiskt säkerställda effekter för något av utfallsmåtten. Däremot framkom en huvudeffekt av tid som visade att upplevd stress och stressrelaterade besvär minskade över tid. Det här resultatet kan hänga samman med den förhållandevis låga följ-samheten i den aktiva gruppen men också vara relaterat till att knappt hälften av individ-erna i den aktiva gruppen fullföljde den eftermätning som gjordes. Säsongs-variationer i stressbelastning i och utanför arbetet liksom möjligheter och hinder för att avsätta egen tid utanför arbetet för att genomgå ett stresshanteringsprogram kan också vara exempel på faktorer som hänger samman med resultatet. Framtida studier bör efter-sträva en ökad följsamhet, exempelvis genom att undersöka om det är möjligt att utvär-dera stresshan-teringsprogram inom ramen för en tydlig organisatorisk kontext.
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| 20575. |
- Lindfors, Petra, et al.
(författare)
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Online stress management training : A randomized controlled pilot study of working women and men
- 2019
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Ingår i: Abstract Book of the 19th European Association of Work and Organizational Psychology Congress. ; , s. 1343-1343
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Purpose: Considering the costs of stress-related health problems, it seems valuable to develop easily accessible programs allowing individuals to develop their skills in how to think and act around daily life stressors. This study investigated 1) the feasibility of an online stress management training, and 2) its immediate effects on stress-related health outcomes.Design/Methodology/Approach/Intervention: Working adults (N=138) were invited and then randomized to either of two conditions: an intervention group or a wait-list control group. The online stress management training included seven parts, each estimated to take a week and including sound-clips and film-clips along with exercises. Participants were asked to provide self-reports of stress and stress-related health complaints, before and after the intervention. The follow-up also included asking the intervention group about factors hindering and facilitating their participation.Results: As for feasibility, the results suggest issues relating to adherence. This seemed associated with the timing of the study but also with user preferences regarding technological solutions. Regarding the effects, there were no statistically significant immediate effects for any of the outcome measures. However, there was a significant effect showed that perceived stress and stress-related health complaints decreased over time in both groups.Limitations: Limitations involve the short-term follow-up and the focus on self-reports.Research/Practical implications: Seasonal variations in occupational stress along the use of leisure time hinder participation. Thus, unguided stress management training should ideally be delivered during working hours.Originality/Value: This is the first study investigating this online stress management training with no guidance.
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| 20576. |
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| 20577. |
- Lindfors, Petra, 1973-
(författare)
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Organizational factors linked to good health and well-being : perspectives from Sweden
- 2022
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Ingår i: 6th International Conference on Wellbeing at Work: Wellbeing in Hectic Times. - Warszawa : Central Institute for Labour Protection – National Research Institute. - 9788373733688 ; , s. 67-67
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Traditionally, occupational research and interventions have come to focus on reducing risks and injuries in order to protect individuals from negative work-related health consequences. In Sweden, the Swedish Work Environment Act and associated provisions make clear that employers are obliged to systematically monitorand manage the work environment as a way to prevent work-related ill-health. Specifically, this clarifies the responsibilities for prevention at the organizational level. However, work is also known to promote health and well-being by for instance providing individuals with daily structure and a sense of collective purpose as well aswith social and developmental opportunities. This points to a need of identifying organizational factors that are linked to health and well-being, which the Swedish government realized and requested its authorities to review the topic. Two Swedish government authorities, namely the Swedish Agency for Work Environment Expertiseand the Swedish Work Environment Authority (alphabetical order), were asked to collaborate to produce such a review. A first step in this work included deciding on what is meant by organizational factors, health, andwell-being, and to develop working definitions of these key concepts. In brief, organizational factors refer to the organizational conditions, or prerequisites of work including leadership, management, and strategies whilehealth and well-being include individuals’ possibilities to maintain health and well-being over time and to fulfillboth personal and work-related goals in life. These working definitions formed the basis for a review aimingto identify, through a scoping approach, organizational conditions associated with good health and well-being. In particular, this process focused on the Swedish context, but also included other relevant studies. The overallfindings can be grouped into five different categories of organizational conditions linked to good health andwell-being, namely 1) leadership, including for instance the number of employees per manager, 2) learningopportunities, such as structures for development, 3) opportunities for communication and participationincluding transparency, 4) continuous development of goals and values including goal clarity and responsibilityat all levels, and 5) strategic and systematic management of the work environment, health and sickness absence,including for instance the promotion of healthy work practices. Importantly, these factors can be drivers of goodhealth and well-being but also characterize successful and sustainable organizations. While these factors areimportant, less is known of how to adequately and efficiently measure and monitor them at the organizationallevel. This means that existing challenges involve the identification of low-cost, consistent, and reliable ways ofmeasuring organizational level factors linked to good health and well-being. Such measures would help broadenthe scope from preventing risk, injury, and ill-health to consistently promoting occupational health and well-being within organizations.
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| 20578. |
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| 20579. |
- Lindfors, Petra
(författare)
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Perspektiv på hälsa : Omvårdnad utifrån individens styrkor
- 2017. - 2
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Ingår i: Hemsjukvård. - Lund : Studentlitteratur AB. - 9789144115856 ; , s. 109-131
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Med en vård som inriktar sig på ohälsa och dysfunktion utgör patientens styrkor och positiva erfarenheter en bortglömd resurs i behandlingen. I följande kapitel behandlas olika aspekter av hälsa. Beskrivningen fokuserar på olika typer av styrkor som kan användas som resurser i hemsjukvården för att främja patienters hälsa och välbefinnande.
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| 20580. |
- Lindfors, Petra
(författare)
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Perspektiv på hälsa : Omvårdnad utifrån individens styrkor
- 2010
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Ingår i: Hemsjukvård. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144053547 ; , s. 53-73
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Med en vård som inriktar sig på ohälsa och dysfunktion utgör patientens styrkor och positiva erfarenheter en bortglömd resurs i behandlingen. I följande kapitel behandlas olika aspekter av hälsa. Beskrivningen fokuserar på olika typer av styrkor som kan användas som resurser i hemsjukvården för att främja patienters hälsa och välbefinnande.
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