| 41. |
- Kao, Kristen
(författare)
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Electoral Institutions and Ethnic Clientelism
- 2017
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Ingår i: American Political Science Association Comparative Politics Newsletter. ; 17:2, s. 44-50
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The bulk of extant research on ethnic politics in the developing world focuses on clientelism. As far back as the 1970s, a specific identity-based form of clientelism is documented (Lemarchand, 1972; Bates, 1983; Chandra, 2004; Posner, 2005; Lust, 2009; Corstange, 2016). Yet, much of the seminal work on clientelism lacks a social identity component, analyzing politicians’ use of party machines instead (Stokes, 2005; Magaloni, 2006; Schaffer, 2007; Stokes et al. ,2013). This divide in the literature begs the question: under what conditions does ethnicity underpin clientelistic relationships and where does it not? Focusing on sub-national variation in legislative electoral institutions and an original dataset on particularistic service provision in Jordan, this essay provides insight into the conditions under which relationships between parliamentarians and their constituents are ethnically-based and when they cross ethnic divides.
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| 42. |
- Kao, Kristen
(författare)
-
Review: The Arab Spring: Pathways of and Reform
- 2017
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Ingår i: Perspectives on Politics. - 1537-5927 .- 1541-0986. ; 15:4, s. 1180-1182
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Recension (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this book, Jason Brownlee, Tarek Masoud, and Andrew Reynolds address both why some uprisings result in overthrows and where democratization can be expected to take hold post-breakdown. In the introductory chapter, the authors insist that the results of the Arab Spring must be explicable by less proximate causes, such as historical legacies and entrenched structural characteristics of the cases included in their study. This approach goes beyond reductionist explanations based on specific acts just prior to the uprisings, attempting instead to offer a broader theory of democratic transition and consolidation.
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
- Lust, Ellen, 1966, et al.
(författare)
-
Historical Legacies, Social Cleavages, and Support for Political Islam
- 2021
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Ingår i: The Oxford Handbook of Politics in Muslim Societies. - Oxford : Oxford University Press. - 9780190931056
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Much has been written on political advantages conferred to Islamist parties. These advantages are often viewed as resulting from the parties’ organizational strength, their economic policies, or the expected material benefits they award. The role of religion in motivating Islamist support has been largely underplayed, and even less attention has been given to the various dimensions of Islam. This gap in the research remains conspicuous, as evidence from European, African, and American contexts point to a very real relationship between various facets of religion and electoral patterns. This chapter reviews how historical legacies and social conditions in Tunisia, Libya, and Egypt have shaped electoral behavior, including the ways in which organizational, economic, or religious factors are associated with Islamist support. Employing original survey data, it investigates the dominant explanations of electoral support as well as the influence of three religious factors—religious identity, practice, and preferences toward the role of Islam in the state. We find evidence in all three countries that citizens’ preferences for a role of religion in the state is strongly correlated with voting for Islamist parties. In Tunisia, religious practice was also significantly associated with support for Islamists. Religious identity was never significant in our cases, however. Attitudes toward party organization and toward service provision were associated with Islamist support in Tunisia and Libya, respectively. Importantly, religious factors were more consistently related to Islamist support than the organizational, economic, and material incentives that have been given so much attention elsewhere.
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| 45. |
- Weissmann, Mikael, 1977-
(författare)
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Hybrid warfare and hybrid threats today and tomorrow : towards an analytical framework
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal on Baltic Security. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 2382-9222 .- 2382-9230. ; 5:1, s. 17-26
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article first traces the origin of hybrid warfare and the label game surrounding the concept, asking whether it is merely old wine in a new bottle, and if so, whether it is still a useful concept. It is found that while being old wine in new bottles, it is still a good wine well worth drinking. While there is not much new in the concept itself, it is a useful tool to think about past wars, today’s wars and the wars of the future. Thereafter, this paper analyses how hybrid warfare and hybrid threats are to be understood in the context of peace, conflict and war. It is shown how hybrid warfare and threats fit into our traditional understanding of conflict dynamics.
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| 46. |
- Haas, Tigran, 1969-
(författare)
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Ethnic Conflict and the Right to Return of Limbo Disaporas : Multifaceted Reflections on the Case of BiH
- 2004
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Ingår i: Migration and Ethnic Studies (Migracijske i Etničke Teme). - Zagreb : Institute for Migration and Ethnic Studies. - 1333-2546 .- 1848-9184. ; 20:1, s. 29-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper examines the phenomenon of refugees and resettled persons in the process of forcedmigrations in the aftermath of man-made disasters. Although some of the ideas presented here couldhave wider application, the focus is on post-conflict zones within the former Yugoslavia, namely BiH.The paper uses the questions of ethnicity and nationalism within resettlement, dislocation and immigrationas a backdrop, into which the issue of globalization is also briefly reflected. The intention hereis not to cover a wide range of pressing topics, but simply to relate a number of issues arising in contemporarylarge-scale forced migrations to a resurgence of cultural specificity and ethnicized nationalismas counterpoints to globalization. The paper introduces the concept of “limbo diasporas” in the caseof Bosnian refugees in Sweden through reflection and linkage with the aforementioned concepts. Thepaper ends with some recommendations and open questions on social rehabilitation and ethnic healingas well as some general conclusions.
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| 47. |
- Wackenhut, Arne, et al.
(författare)
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Engaging the next generation: authoritarian regimes and their young diaspora
- 2023
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Ingår i: European Political Science. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1680-4333 .- 1682-0983. ; 22
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent scholarship on diaspora engagement and transnational repression has investigated how authoritarian regimes seek to engage, govern and control their diasporas. Recognizing that diasporas are diverse and that homeland states thus devise different strategies in relation to different groups, this research has—to a large extent—focused on the varied positions held by regime supporters and dissidents. Inter-generational differences, however, have not been studied in this context. Drawing on established frameworks theorizing extraterritorial authoritarian practices, this article explores the ways in which second-generation diaspora—or diaspora youth—is either included as subjects, patriots and clients, or excluded as outlaws and traitors by authoritarian regimes. Drawing on the literature on transnationalism and second-generation migrants, and using examples from empirical cases, we argue that the skills, resources and multi-sited embeddedness of the second-generation diaspora can make them particularly interesting targets for transnational engagement—or repression. We draw attention to specific strategies for mobilizing the support of diaspora youth, but also note that some techniques to control or repress extraterritorial subjects are less efficacious in relation to this generation.
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| 48. |
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Contending Global Apartheid : Transversal Solidarities and Politics of Possibility
- 2023
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- Contending Global Apartheid: Transversal Solidarities and Politics of Possibility spells out a plea for utopia in a crisis-ridden 21st century of unequal development, exclusionary citizenship, and forced migrations. The volume offers a collection of critical essays on human rights movements, sanctuary spaces, and the emplacement of antiracist conviviality in cities across North and South America, Europe, and Africa. Each intervention proceeds from the idea that cities may accommodate both a humanistic sensibility and a radical potential for social transformation. The figure of the 'migrant' is pivotal. It expounds the prospect of transversal solidarity to capture a plurality of commonalities and to abjure dichotomies between in-group and out-group, the national and the international, or society and institutions.
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| 49. |
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Migration, Civil Society and Global Governance
- 2019. - 1
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- How do the United Nations, international organizations, governments, corporate actors and a wide variety of civil society organizations and regional and global trade unions perceive the root causes of migration, global inequality and options for sustainable development? This is one of the most pertinent political questions of the 21st century.This comprehensive collection examines the development of an emerging global governance on migration with the focus on spaces, roles, strategies and alliance-making of a composite transnational civil society engaged in issues of rights and the protection of migrants and their families. It reveals the need to strengthen networking and convergence among movements that adopt different entry points to the same struggle, from fighting ‘managed’ migration to contesting corporate control of food and land. The authors examine the opportunities and challenges faced by civil society in its endeavour to promote a rights-based approach within international and intergovernmental fora engaged in setting up a global compact for the management of migration, such as the Global Forum for Migration and Development, and in other global policy spaces.This book was originally published as a special issue of the journal Globalizations.
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| 50. |
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