| 10121. |
- Pålsson, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Packaging logistics in supply chain practice – current state, trade-offs and improvement potential
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Journal of Logistics Research and Applications: A Leading Journal of Supply Chain Management. - : Informa UK Limited. ; 19:5, s. 351-368
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Packaging affects the logistical and environmental efficiency of supply chains. The purpose is to increase knowledge of the current state, trade-offs and improvement potential of packaging logistics in supply chain practice. The research is based on 22 cases, each of which consists of supply chain mapping and structured interviews with three supply chain actors (manufacturer, distributor and retailer). The paper identifies and explains improvement areas, trade-offs and gaps in packaging systems from a supply chain perspective for the whole packaging system, each packaging level and each actor. The results highlight a supply chain potential of better incorporating the packaging system requirements from actors not responsible for developing or selecting packaging. The paper discusses models for cost and benefit sharing and for identification and decision-making about trade-offs in packaging systems. Companies should collaborate, apply an integrated approach and find new approaches to integrate customers and suppliers into the packaging development process.
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| 10122. |
- Qamar, Ahsan
(författare)
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An Integrated Approach towards Model-Based Mechatronic Design
- 2011
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Mechatronic design is an enigma. On the one hand, mechatronic products promise enhanced functionality, and better performance at reduced cost. On the other hand, optimizing mechatronic design concepts is a major challenge to overcome during the design process. In the past, less attention has been paid to the life phases of a mechatronic product, and it was assumed that modifications in electronics and software will ensure that the product performs to expectation throughout its life time. However it has been realized that introducing design changes in mechatronics is not easy, since it is difficult to assess the consequences of a design decision, both during the design process of a new product, and during a design modification. It is also realized that there is a strong need to consider the product's life phases during the early phases of product development. Furthermore, it is rather difficult to perform a design optimization since it requires introducing changes across different domains, which is not well supported by the methods and tools available today. This thesis investigates the topic of mechatronic design and attacks some of the major challenges that have been identified regarding the design of mechatronic products. The goal is to provide support to the designers to facilitate better understanding of the consequences of their design choices as early as possible. The work also aims to provide support for assessing alternative design concepts, and for optimizing a design concept based on requirements, constraints and designer preferences at the time of design. The thesis highlights three main challenges related to mechatronic product development: the need for a common language during conceptual design; the inadequate information transfer between engineering domains; and the difficulty in assessing the properties of competing mechatronic concepts. A model-based integration approach is presented, and these key challenges are considered in relation to an integrated modeling and design infrastructure. The approach is illustrated through the design of two mechatronic systems- a two degrees-of-freedom robot, and a hospital bed propulsion system. Initial results provide evidence of good potential for information transfer across mechatronic domains. Although SysML was used for the case studies, some important questions were raised about its suitability as a common language for mechatronics. Suggestions for future work are: to utilize the developed infrastructure and incorporate a capability to model and assess consequences of competing design concepts; provide support for optimizing these concepts; and evaluate the usefulness of the developed infrastructure in a real-world design setting. These efforts should provide ample information to the designer for making adequate decisions during the design process.
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| 10123. |
- Qian, Cheng, et al.
(författare)
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A cloud service platform integrating additive and subtractive manufacturing with high resource efficiency
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Cleaner Production. - : ELSEVIER SCI LTD. - 0959-6526 .- 1879-1786. ; 241
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cloud manufacturing has been studied for years, yet commercial implementations are still limited. The recent advances in information technology have stimulated the free sharing of additive and subtractive manufacturing (A/SM) resources through cloud services. Currently, due to the lack of a general method to model manufacturing capabilities, as well as the absence of an open platform to integrate business and manufacturing processes, it is difficult to integrate A/SM resources within one platform efficiently and seamlessly. In this research, a service encapsulation model for A/SM resources was described using ontology modeling technique. A collaborative cloud platform integrating A/SM was designed that can provide optimal production plans considering time, cost, quality, and energy waste during manufacturing. The proposed platform and models were demonstrated by a prototype system and tested in a case study, which showed the integrated platform can increase the utilization rate of resources while reducing energy consumption. This research has provided a practical tool for virtualization, integration, and configuration of A/SM resource with high efficiency. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 10124. |
- Qin, Yiyuan, et al.
(författare)
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Tool wear identification and prediction method based on stack sparse self-coding network
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of manufacturing systems. - : Elsevier BV. - 0278-6125 .- 1878-6642. ; 68, s. 72-84
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the process of metal cutting, the effective monitoring of tool wear is of great significance to ensure the machining quality of parts. Aiming at the problem of tool wear monitoring, a tool wear recognition and prediction method based on stack sparse self-coding network is proposed. This method can simplify the establishment process of monitoring model, monitor the tool wear according to different task requirements, and guide the tool replacement in the actual cutting process. Firstly, unsupervised K-means clustering is used to divide the tool wear stage, and the feature set is marked. Secondly, the parameters of stack sparse self-coding network layer are determined by trial, and the sensitive features that can reflect the tool wear process are obtained. Finally, the tool wear identification model of stack sparse self-encoder and the tool wear prediction model of BP neural network are established respectively, and the smoothing correction method is used to further improve the prediction accuracy. The experimental results show that the established tool wear identification and prediction model can accurately monitor the tool wear state and wear amount, and has a certain reference value for efficient tool change in the actual metal cutting process.
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| 10125. |
- Quansah, Reginald
(författare)
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Harmful postures and musculoskeletal symptoms among fish trimmers of a fish processing factory in Ghana : a preliminary investigation
- 2005
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Ingår i: International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1080-3548 .- 2376-9130. ; 11:2, s. 181-190
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigated musculoskeletal symptoms among fish trimmers (skinners and polishers) in a fish processing factory in Ghana. The methods used included administration of questionnaire, walk through observation, interview, task analysis and future workshop. All 50 female participants answered and submitted their questionnaires. Of the 11 operations performed by skinners only 1 was rated as low risk. Also of the 12 operations performed by polishers only 2 were rated as low risk. Neck side bending, neck flexion, prolonged standing, shoulder elevation, abducted arms, repetitious reaching forward and wrist deviation were observed in most operations. This corresponds with questionnaire results in which musculoskeletal symptoms were mostly prevalent in the neck, the shoulder, the low back, the wrist/hand and the knee regions. There was no significant correlation (p < .05) between musculoskeletal symptoms and age, working hours and length of service. Task redesign, workplace changes and worker training were suggested to improve the work.
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| 10126. |
- Quansah, Reginald
(författare)
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Harmful postures and musculoskeletal symptoms among sanitation workers of a fish processing factory in Ghana : a preliminary investigation
- 2005
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Ingår i: International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1080-3548 .- 2376-9130. ; 11:2, s. 171-180
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigated musculoskeletal symptoms among sanitation workers of a fish-processing factory. The methods used included administration of a questionnaire, walk through observation, interview, task analysis and future workshop. All 27 male participants answered and submitted their questionnaires. Of the 11 operations identified, all except one was considered safe. Bent back, bent legs, and heavy manual handling were observed to impose intolerable health risk on participants. This corresponds with questionnaire results in which musculoskeletal symptoms were mostly prevalent in the neck, the shoulder, the low back, the wrists/hands and the upper back regions. Poor psychosocial complaints were also made on the job. There was no significant correlation (p < .05) between musculoskeletal symptoms and age, working hours and length of service. Neither was any significant correlation observed (p < .05) between psychosocial work factors and musculoskeletal symptoms. Recommendations such as task redesign to eliminate high-risk elements in operations, workplace changes and worker training were suggested
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| 10127. |
- Quattelbaum, Bastian, et al.
(författare)
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Preliminary study on perceived comfort of car seats: A quantitative approach to visual cues
- 2021
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Ingår i: Procedia CIRP. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-8271. ; 104, s. 116-121
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The automotive industry is transitioning towards a more digital future - not just the digitalization of the product itself but also the process of customer interaction, such as during the product selection process. In the product selection process, companies are enabled to collect and analyze large amounts of customer and usage data but are also challenged to understand the gathered digital data. In designing physical components, analyzing, and understanding such data can provide a competitive advantage. In gaining deeper insight into the digital selection process of cars and for understanding customers preferences related to perceived comfort of car seats, we applied a visual appearance study by presenting digital information of physical components.
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| 10128. |
- Quattelbaum, Bastian, et al.
(författare)
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Reducing uncertainty regarding customer expectations for a sustainable car interior design integrated in a data-informed design approach
- 2024
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Design Society. - 2732-527X. ; 4, s. 693-702
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sustainability is influencing the automotive industry. Car manufacturers are increasingly prioritizing sustainable materials. The production of these still pose environmental challenges. This paper addresses the trends related to sustainable car interiors. It emphasizes the importance of understanding how customers perceive these new materials. Seven in-depth interviews were conducted, followed by a survey with 106 participants to obtain generalized insights. The results will reduce the uncertainty regarding customer expectations for sustainable car interiors.
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| 10129. |
- Quesada Díaz, Raquel, et al.
(författare)
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Optimised Shop-Floor Operator Support on an Integrated AR and PLM Framework for Remanufacturing
- 2022
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Ingår i: SPS2022. - Amsterdam; Berlin; Washington, DC : IOS Press. - 9781643682686 - 9781643682693 ; , s. 425-434
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Product disassembly and inspection are essential operations in a sustainable product life cycle, particularly in end-of-life strategies such as remanufacturing. This study identifies critical aspects of usability of a framework that supports the remanufacturing process and its operators. Two of the challenges faced by operators in remanufacturing are the number of product variants and quality decisions. As a result of these, the performance time and the number of errors committed increase. The integration of Augmented Reality (AR), product lifecycle management and expert systems increase the efficiency of managing stored data and supports the remanufacturing process and its operators. A head-mounted display has been used to run the application, allowing the operator to take it right to the working area. The information displayed during the manufacturing processes includes CAD models or images of the industrial equipment and its components and dynamic information, providing clear instructions easy to follow during the remanufacturing process. The proposed methodologic approach uses the concept of rule-based Expert Systems to determine the information content that is dynamically displayed on the AR device and to optimise the route that should be followed in remanufacturing operations. A pilot testing was done to assess the functional suitability of the final AR application to support the delivery of dynamic information in its final industrial environment. The evaluation was done in a real-working environment selecting the assembly, disassembly and inspection operations as a base. A questionnaire to measure the usability of the system was provided to the test subjects after the testing. The results from the questionnaire show a positive perception of the usability of the framework. According to the result analysis, the framework has high usability and can reduce errors and impaired decision-making.
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| 10130. |
- Quesada Díaz, Raquel, et al.
(författare)
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Product Disassembly and Inspection Supported by Augmented Reality and Product Lifecycle Management Integration
- 2019
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Ingår i: Advances in Manufacturing Technology XXXIII. - Amsterdam : IOS Press. - 9781643680088 - 9781643680095 ; , s. 553-558
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Product disassembly and inspection are essential operations in a sustainable product life cycle, particularly in end-of-life strategies such as remanufacturing. This study describes the most frequent issues and outcomes that can be encountered during the implementation of a framework for the integration of technologies such as augmented reality, product identifiers and product lifecycle management in the context of disassembly and inspection. It is believed that the development of such framework could provide a secure, efficient management of stored data and a comprehensive support to the work process and the operators carrying out the disassembly and inspection.
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