| 2461. |
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| 2462. |
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| 2463. |
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| 2464. |
- Kulišić, Biljana, et al.
(författare)
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Attractive Systems for Bioenergy Feedstock Production in Sustainably Managed Landscapes– Contributions to the Call
- 2019
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Task 43 launched an initiative to identify attractive examples of landscape management and design for bioenergy and the bioeconomy. The aim of this initiative to catalogue and highlight world-wide examples of biomass production systems, throughout all stages of production, that can contribute positively to biodiversity and the generation of other ecosystem services. Information about biomass production systems and their impacts, as well as information about governance and policy initiatives that encourage adoptions of solutions leading to positive outcomes are welcomed. The goal of this initiative is to compile innovative examples as a means of showcasing how the production of biomass for bioenergy can generate positive impacts in agriculture and forestry landscapes. These examples are also meant to serve as sources of inspiration that other biomass producers can use to enhance the sustainability of their own activities. All contributions that are within scope and meet the set quality requirement are included in this Report. Selected contributions will be invited to submit a manuscript for a Special Collection in the peer review journal WIREs Energy and Environment, published by Wiley.
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| 2465. |
- Kullingsjö, Lars-Henrik, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Estimating the PHEV potential in Sweden using GPS derived movement patterns for representative privately driven cars
- 2012
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Ingår i: 26th Electric Vehicle Symposium 2012. - 9781622764211 ; 2, s. 1153-1161
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) can be used to substitute a major share of fossil fuels in car transport by using electricity from the grid. Earlier studies have shown that the battery design and economic viability of the PHEV is highly dependent on the individual car movement pattern and charging options. Here we investigate the battery design, viability and potential for PHEVs in Sweden utilizing a recently available new data set for car movements in which 214 privately driven cars were logged with GPS for 30 days or more. The cars are based in south west of Sweden in a region that is fairly representative for Swedish driving patterns.On large the study’s confirms earlier results from [1] by showing that in a situation where the economic viability of PHEVs is good due to for instance low cost of batteries there will be a wide range in the optimal battery size dependent on the individual movement pattern. For less favourable economic conditions the resulting economic competitiveness of the PHEV and the potential to replace fossil fuels will be much dependent on the possibilities to frequently charge the battery. Improving charging options can thus be an important complement to reducing battery costs for facilitating PHEVs in an introduction phase.
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| 2466. |
- Kullingsjö, Lars-Henrik, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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The Swedish car movement data project
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings to EEVC Brussels, Belgium, November 19-22, 2012.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- To facilitate a well-informed and efficient transition to electrified vehicles, such as PHEVs, information about individual vehicle’s movements over longer time periods is needed. This is of major importance for optimal battery design, estimation of consumer viability and assessment of the potential for PHEVs to shift energy use in transport sector from fuel to electricity. Good and publicly available data of this kind is today unfortunately lacking. The aim of this project has been to gather a larger amount of data on the characteristics and distribution of individual movements for privately driven cars in Sweden by measurement with GPS equipment. The logging was performed with commercial equipment containing a GPS unit, including a roof-mounted antenna, and a gprs communication unit. Data logged were: time, position, velocity, and number and id of used satellites. The measurement started in June 2010 and ended in September 2012. The target is to accomplish good quality measurements of at least 30 days for about 500 representative vehicles. All data is not yet processed but in this paper initial statistics is offered to present important areas of use and possibilities for future work.
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| 2467. |
- Kumar, Renu, et al.
(författare)
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Shrinkage characteristics of Casuarina wood during devolatilization
- 2006
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Ingår i: Biomass and Bioenergy. ; 30, s. 153-165
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The shrinkage characteristics of Casuarina wood in terms of the effect of fuel particle shape and size on the longitudinal, transverse,and volumetric shrinkage during devolatilization in a laboratory scale bubbling fluidized bed combustor are presented. Shrinkage ofsingle fuel particles was measured in the longitudinal and transverse directions (with respect to the wood fibre) for various fuel particleshapes-like disc (l/d=0.2-0.67), cylinder (l/d∼1) and rod (l/d=2-10). The fuel particle dimensions ranged from 5 to 100 mm. Theeffect of the bed temperature on the shrinkage was studied by varying the bed temperature in the range of 650-850 °C. Fuel particle shapeand size were found to influence the shrinkage in the two mutually perpendicular directions. The variation in the fuel particle heatingrates for various shapes and sizes was found to be the cause of the variation in the shrinkage values. For all the shapes and sizesconsidered, the longitudinal shrinkage was found to be in the range of 6.5-24%, the transverse shrinkage from 14% to 29%, and thevolumetric shrinkage from 35% to 58%. The average volumetric shrinkage was estimated to be 47% with a standard deviation of±3.8%. Shrinkage increased negligibly with the increase in bed temperature. Increase in fuel particle density led to a decrease involumetric shrinkage, however, this effect was not conclusive because of the effect of other factors-like chemical composition and woodtype. Correlations for estimating the shrinkage coefficients in the two principal directions are presented.
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| 2468. |
- Kumar Ramamoorthy, Sunil, 1987-, et al.
(författare)
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Sustainable Wastewater Treatment Methods for Textile Industry
- 2018
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Ingår i: Sustainable Innovations in Apparel Production. - Singapore : Springer Publishing Company. - 9789811085901
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- All over the world, environmental considerations are now becoming vital factors during the selection of consumer goods which include textiles. According to the World Bank, 20% of water pollution globally is caused by textile processing, which means that these industries produce vast amounts of wastewater. Generally, these effluents contain high levels of suspended solids (SS), phosphates, dyes, salts, organo-pesticides, non-biodegradable organics, and heavy metals. Increase in water scarcity and environmental regulations has led to textile industries to seek for sustainable wastewater treatment methods which help to reduce their water footprint as well as reduce their operational costs. Therefore, sustainable wastewater treatment could be the best choice for the textile industries with respect to the current issues. So, it is important to discuss and champion awareness mechanisms which help to reduce the current issues with respect to the textile wastewater. Therefore, this chapter intends to discuss the various sustainable wastewater treatments, namely granular activated carbon (GAC), electrocoagulation (EC), ultrasonic treatment, an advanced oxidation process (AOP), ozonation, membrane biological reactor (MBR), and sequencing batch reactor (SBR).
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| 2469. |
- Kumar, Sunil, et al.
(författare)
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Multifunctional ammonium fuel cell using compost as a novel electro-catalyst
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Power Sources. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-7753 .- 1873-2755. ; 402, s. 221-228
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Due to acute ammonium toxicity, it is always desirable to find a cheaper and abundant electro-catalyst other than platinum, iridium oxide, boron diamond etc with a high selectivity and negligible de-activation for its oxidation. Also ammonium is not known for electricity generation except biological nitrification process. So this paper elucidates the studies of compost as a novel electro-catalyst in a ammonium fuel cell configuration. These studies are done by varying type of electrodes & compost as well as ammonium concentration. Bi-polar cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, temperature dependence, cyclic stability and chronoamperometry techniques are used to study compost. Cow dung based compost is found to show the best electro-catalytic activity. IV measurements are conducted to study power generation in tune with the electro-catalytic activity. Finally, polarization and sustainability measurements are done on a comparatively larger fuel cell to check the size scalability. The results shows that the maximum power density is 108 mW/m(2) and this multifunctional device can be fueled after every 12 h for continuous operation and with negligible de-activation of electro-catalyst. These studies opens a window for doing further advanced research in compost triggered electro-catalysis to make multifunctional fuel cell devices for solving environmental and energy issues together.
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| 2470. |
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