| 771. |
- Cadena, Erasmo, et al.
(författare)
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Valorisation of Seafood Side-Streams through the Design of New Holistic Value Chains: WaSeaBi Project
- 2024
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Ingår i: Sustainability. - 2071-1050. ; 16:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Growing demand in the fisheries sector has resulted in a high generation of side-streams that are mainly treated as waste despite their potential value in terms of protein, fatty acids, and minerals. The WaSeaBi project, funded by the EU under the Horizon 2020 BBI JU initiative, seeks to address this problem by promoting the sustainable and economically viable utilisation of these side-streams, thus contributing to improved food security and environmental conservation. The project focuses on the development of innovative technologies and methodologies for the efficient valorisation of seafood side-streams into marketable products such as protein-based food ingredients, bioactive peptides, and mineral supplements. The WaSeaBi project started with a comprehensive analysis to identify the bottlenecks hindering the efficient utilisation of side-streams. To this end, a comprehensive study of the European seafood industry was conducted to understand the existing challenges. The main obstacles identified were technological deficiencies, lack of space and personnel, and a limited market for the resulting products. Several laboratory-scale technologies, such as pH-shift, enzymatic hydrolysis, membrane concentration, and flocculation with centrifugation, were explored in order to extract valuable components from the side-streams. Subsequently, these technologies were scaled-up and tested on a pilot scale. For example, membrane concentration technology facilitated the recovery of valuable molecules from mussel cooking side-streams while reducing environmental impact. Flocculation helped recover proteins and phosphates from process waters, crucial for reducing the organic load of effluents. In addition, decision-making tools were developed to help select and build the most appropriate valorisation strategies, taking into account technical, legal, economic, and environmental aspects. Environmental sustainability was assessed through life cycle assessment, which highlighted the factors that contribute most to the environmental impact of each technology. The results revealed that reducing chemical consumption and improving energy efficiency are key to optimising the environmental performance of the valorisation technologies. The WaSeaBi project outlines a promising path towards sustainable and economically beneficial utilisation of seafood side-streams. By employing innovative technologies, the project not only contributes to reducing waste and environmental impact, but also facilitates the transformation of low-value side-streams into high-value products. In addition, it provides a structured framework to help industry stakeholders make informed decisions on the valorisation of secondary streams. This initiative marks a substantial step towards a more sustainable and economically viable fisheries and aquaculture industry, setting a precedent for future projects aimed at overcoming technological and infrastructural barriers to the valorisation of seafood side-streams.
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| 772. |
- Cai, Zipan, et al.
(författare)
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Urban Ecosystem Vulnerability Assessment of Support Climate‐ResilientCity Development
- 2021
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Ingår i: Urban Planning. - : Cogitatio. - 2183-7635. ; :3, s. 227-239
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Climate change poses a threat to cities. Geospatial information and communication technology (Geo-ICT) assisted planning is increasingly being utilised to foster urban sustainability and adaptability to climate change. To fill the theoretical and practical gaps of urban adaptive planning and Geo-ICT implementation, this article presents an urban ecosystem vulnerability assessment approach using integrated socio-ecological modelling. The application of the Geo-ICT method is demonstrated in a specific case study of climate-resilient city development in Nanjing (China), aiming at helping city decision-makers understand the general geographic data processing and policy revision processes in response to hypothetical future disruptions and pressures on urban social, economic, and environmental systems. Ideally, the conceptual framework of the climate-resilient city transition proposed in this study effectively integrates the geographic data analysis, policy modification, and participatory planning. In the process of model building, we put forward the index system of urban ecosystem vulnerability assessment and use the assessment result as input data for the socio-ecological model. As a result, the model reveals the interaction processes of local land use, economy, and environment, further generating an evolving state of future land use in the studied city. The findings of this study demonstrate that socio-ecological modelling can provide guidance in adjusting the human-land interaction and climate-resilient city development from the perspective of macro policy. The decision support using urban ecosystem vulnerability assessment and quantitative system modelling can be useful for urban development under a variety of environmental change scenarios.
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| 773. |
- Campion, Otto Bulmaniya, et al.
(författare)
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Monitoring and evaluation of Indigenous Land and Sea Management : An Indigenous-led approach in the Arafura Swamp, northern Australia
- 2023
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Ingår i: Ecological Management & Restoration. - 1442-7001 .- 1442-8903. ; 24:2-3, s. 75-88
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As Indigenous Land and Sea Management has grown in scope and scale, there has been increasing focus on monitoring and evaluation to foster learning, strengthen accountability and report on outcomes. A resurgence in Indigenous governance has led to recognition that Indigenous knowledge, law and governance systems are essential to successful conservation initiatives on Indigenous lands. Indigenous-led monitoring and evaluation involves Indigenous Peoples exercising control, direction and informed decisions about monitoring and evaluation practices and signals a greater role for Indigenous methodologies alongside participatory approaches and Western sciences. This Article describes the Intercultural Monitoring and Evaluation Project, led by the Arafura Swamp Rangers Aboriginal Corporation in partnership with Bi and Yolŋu Traditional Owners and clans and non-Indigenous practitioners and researchers. The Intercultural Monitoring and Evaluation Project aimed to co-produce an Indigenous-led and Country-based monitoring and evaluation system for Arafura Swamp Rangers Aboriginal Corporation's Healthy Country Plan. The Intercultural Monitoring and Evaluation Project recognised that the Rangers from the Arafura Swamp Rangers Aboriginal Corporation are accountable within Bi, Yolŋu and Western governance systems and that monitoring and evaluation at Arafura Swamp Rangers Aboriginal Corporation needed to strengthen relationships between all three. The Intercultural Monitoring and Evaluation Project involved: (i) developing understandings of monitoring and evaluation in Bi, Yolŋu and Western knowledge systems, (ii) generating organisational roadmaps, targets and indicators, (iii) developing Bi, Yolŋu and Western monitoring methods, (iv) building a data management system and seasonal monitoring calendar, (v) initiating a monitoring and evaluation committee to inform Arafura Swamp Rangers Aboriginal Corporation's strategic decision-making and (vi) sharing the story of the project with others. This approach embedded monitoring and evaluation in Indigenous law and governance, oral knowledge traditions and the intergenerational kinship relationships that sustain people and Country, while also connecting to Western adaptive management frameworks. Indigenous-led approaches can integrate monitoring and evaluation with Indigenous practices of caring for Country, contributing directly to the multiple ecological, cultural and socio-economic goals of Indigenous Land and Sea Management.
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| 774. |
- Cañete Vela, Isabel, 1992
(författare)
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THERMO CHEMICAL RECYCLING OF AUTOMOBILE SHREDDER RESIDUE IN DFB GASIFIER
- 2019
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Automobile Shredder Residue (ASR) is the fraction left after metal recycling of cars, and it is composed by a plastic mix with up to 50% of inorganics. The gasification of ASR was studied in the 2-4 MWth Chalmers Dual Fluidized Bed (DFB), aiming to convaert this diverse fraction into valuable products. Ash-rich fuel, such is ASR, make the bed rapidly be composed of ash. Thus, aiming to reduce process costs, two beds were evaluated: ASR-ash as bed and a steel production by-product, LDslag. Results showed that enrichment of the initial olivine bed with ARS-ash lead to the decrease of Carbon recovery, while the oxygen transport ability of the Iron present in LDslag enhanced the conversion but producing more CO2 yields. Both bed materials are viable options to valorise waste via DFB gasification, reducing the need of the addition of fresh bed.
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| 775. |
- Cao, Cejun, et al.
(författare)
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Two-phase COVID-19 medical waste transport optimisation considering sustainability and infection probability
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Cleaner Production. - : ELSEVIER SCI LTD. - 0959-6526 .- 1879-1786. ; 389
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A safe and effective medical waste transport network is beneficial to control the COVID-19 pandemic and at least decelerate the spread of novel coronavirus. Seldom studies concentrated on a two-phase COVID-19 medical waste transport in the presence of multi-type vehicle selection, sustainability, and infection probability, which is the focus of this paper. This paper aims to identify the priority of sustainable objectives and observe the impacts of multi-phase and infection probability on the results. Thus, such a problem is formulated as a mixed-integer programming model to minimise total potential infection risks, minimise total environmental risks, and maximise total economic benefits. Then, a hybrid solution strategy is designed, incorporating a lexicographic optimisation approach and a linear weighted sum method. A real-world case study from Chongqing is used to illustrate this methodology. Results indicate that the solution strategy guides a good COVID-19 medical waste transport scheme within 1 min. The priority of sustainable objectives is society, economy, and environment in the first and second phases because the total Gap of case No.35 is 3.20%. A decentralised decision mode is preferred to design a COVID-19 medical waste transport network at the province level. Whatever the infection probability is, infection risk is the most critical concern in the COVID-19 medical waste clean-up activities. Environmental and economic sustainability performance also should be considered when infection probability is more than a certain threshold.
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| 776. |
- Cao, Huizhong, 1996, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring the current applications and potential of extended reality for environmental sustainability in manufacturing
- 2023
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In response to the transformation towards Industry 5.0, there is a growing call for manufacturing systems that prioritize environmental sustainability, alongside the emerging application of digital tools. Extended Reality (XR) - including Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR) and Mixed Reality (MR) - is one of the technologies identified as an enabler for Industry 5.0. XR could potentially also be a driver for more sustainable manufacturing: however, its potential environmental benefits have received limited attention. This paper aims to explore the current manufacturing applications and research within the field of XR technology connected to the environmental sustainability principle. The objectives of this paper are two-fold: (1) Identify the currently explored use cases of XR technology in literature and research, addressing environmental sustainability in manufacturing; (2) Provide guidance and references for industry and companies to use cases, toolboxes, methodologies, and workflows for implementing XR in environmentally sustainable manufacturing practices. Based on the categorization of sustainability indicators, developed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), the authors analyzed and mapped the current literature, with criteria of pragmatic XR use cases for manufacturing. The exploration resulted in a mapping of the current applications and use cases of XR technology within manufacturing that has the potential to drive environmental sustainability. The results are presented as stated use-cases with reference to the literature, contributing as guidance and inspiration for future researchers or implementations in industry, using XR as a driver for environmental sustainability. Furthermore, the authors open up the discussion for future work and research to increase the attention of XR as a driver for environmental sustainability.
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| 777. |
- Capasso, Marco, et al.
(författare)
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Green growth – a synthesis of scientific findings
- 2019
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Ingår i: Technological Forecasting & Social Change. - : Elsevier BV. - 0040-1625. ; 146, s. 390-402
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Governments in countries across the world increasingly adopt the “green growth” discourse to underline their ambition for the greening of their economies. The central tenet of this narrative is the economic opportunities rather than challenges arising from the pursuit of environmental sustainability. Our paper synthesises insights from 113 recent scientific articles, dealing with both environmental issues and economic growth, as well as innovation. Our ambition is exploratory in attempting to take stock of heterogeneous contributions across the spectrum of social science. The articles have been reviewed with a focus on six themes, derived from current discussions in economic geography and transition studies: skills, technology, physical resources, markets, institutions and policies. Four major implications emerge from the review. First, green growth requires competences that allow for handling complex, non-routine situations – in both the private and the public sector. Second, technological progress should be directed towards greener technologies, to avoid investments funds being channelled to brown technologies for short-term returns. Third, our knowledge of the opportunities for achieving green growth must base upon a joint assessment of market failures, structural system failures and transformational system failures. Finally, greater attention should be devoted to the geography of green growth processes at different scales.
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| 778. |
- Cardoso Chrispim, Mariana, Postdoktor, 1990-, et al.
(författare)
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A framework for resource recovery from wastewater treatment plants in megacities of developing countries
- 2020
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Ingår i: Environmental Research. - Maryland Heights : Academic Press. - 0013-9351 .- 1096-0953. ; 188
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In developing countries, there is often a lack of a comprehensive data set that supports the development of coherent policies on resource recovery from wastewater treatment. This paper aims to contribute to the elaboration of resource recovery projects by providing accurate and updated data from wastewater treatment plants such as those located in the region of the Macrometropolis of Sao Paulo. The authors discuss possibilities of improvement of resource recovery for this illustrative example. Comprehensive analyses were performed based on data from 143 municipal wastewater treatment plants to understand the situation regarding resource recovery implementation in this region. The results show that just 26% of the plants perform at least one resource recovery practice. The predominant resource recovery practice is internal water reuse, and recovery is concentrated more in large plants than in medium and small ones. The sludge is disposed in landfills except for three plants, which perform sludge recycling for compost. Some plant managers reported interest in recovering energy from biogas, in expanding water reuse and in recovering sludge for fertilizer production or for building materials. Several aspects that have been regarded as relevant to the implementation of resource recovery processes in previous literature are discussed, such as the size of the plant, related legislation as well as treatment technologies and configurations. Finally, the authors propose a generic framework with several steps that can help to achieve resource recovery implementation. Therefore, the results can provide support for planning of resource recovery projects for large cities in developing countries. © 2020 Elsevier Inc.
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| 779. |
- Cardoso Chrispim, Mariana, Postdoktor, 1990-
(författare)
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Evaluation of decentralized approaches to wastewater treatment systems as alternative to environmental impacts and indication of sustainable solution for water conservation in cities
- 2017. - 1
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Regional Workshop Wastewater Treatment and Reuse for Metropolitan Regions and Small Cities in Developing Countries. - Göttingen : Cuvillier Verlag. - 9783736994546 ; , s. 28-37
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Millennium Development Goals aim to achieve the sustainable development and to contribute improving access to water supply, sanitation, and energy, and to reduce hunger in the world. Energy and water are essential resources for food production, however, are becoming scarce. In this context an integration of the complete water management cycle includes water conservation and reclamation, storage of reclaimed water and rainwater, and wastewater treatment mainly in decentralized models. Wastewater treatment systems can generate products such as: renewable energy, fertilizers and water. This study focuses on the relations between wastewater treatment systems and its environmental impacts, besides to indicate potential solutions. In addition, it is also presented results from an experimental greywater treatment system operated at the university. The objective of this study was to address some Brazilian experiences of centralized wastewater treatment plant (large scale) and decentralized wastewater treatment plant (small scale). We expect that the results of this study can offer a review of strategies of wastewater treatment to implement in urban areas in Brazil, and to create subsidies for the planning of new wastewater treatment plants with low environmental impacts, including sustainable solutions (e.g., water reuse).
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| 780. |
- Cardoso Chrispim, Mariana
(författare)
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Resource recovery from wastewater treatment: challenges, opportunities and guidance for planning and implementation
- 2021
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Considering the current resources scarcity, Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTP) should be adapted to become more sustainable. For example, it is possible to recover resources present in municipal wastewater. However, regional studies about integration of resource recovery processes at different scales or about the main barriers to implementation in developing countries are missing in the literature. Also, there is a need for planning methodologies to identify the most sustainable solution in each context. Understanding the current situation is an essential step to support planning and accelerate resource recovery implementation. To address these issues this thesis aims to guide planning, technology and policy development towards resource recovery from municipal WWTP in large cities of developing countries. This thesis presents a comprehensive knowledge base for wastewater treatment plant managers and decision-makers leading to a better understanding of resource recovery solutions and the actions needed to facilitate implementation. The methodology comprised critical literature reviews and two case studies. Secondary data from literature and primary data (obtained through questionnaires) were collected and analysed. Megacities in developing countries are analysed in the papers, with the focus on the Macrometropolis of Sao Paulo, which is the most populous area in the Southern Hemisphere. The current situation shows a low implementation of resource recovery practices in the region, and local conditions affect the implementation of water reuse, and nutrients and energy recovery. A framework consisting of eleven steps is proposed to support planning and decision-making on resource recovery from wastewater. This new tool was tested and can be applied by decision-makers in wastewater sector for better operation and management. Market, legislation, local economic development, and cooperation with stakeholders are relevant aspects covered in the analysis. There is a great potential to expand wastewater treatment integrated with nutrient and energy recovery strategies in developing countries. Potentials for phosphorus and energy recovery were estimated and some recovery scenarios are recommended. In conclusion, the findings can help planning and elaboration of resource recovery projects in wastewater treatment in urban areas and stimulate creation of public policies. The main research gaps identified in this thesis can guide further research and technological development in this field.
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