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  • Resultat 17531-17540 av 27796
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17531.
  • Lafage, Denis, et al. (författare)
  • Responses of ground-dwelling spider assemblages to changes in vegetation from wet oligotrophic habitats of Western France
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Arthropod-Plant Interactions. - : Springer Netherlands. - 1872-8855 .- 1872-8847. ; 13:4, s. 653-662
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • While many arthropod species are known to depend, directly or indirectly, on certain plant species or communities, it remains unclear to what extent vegetation shapes spider assemblages. In this study, we tested whether the activity-density, composition, and diversity of ground-dwelling spiders were driven by changes in vegetation structure. Field sampling was conducted using pitfall traps in bogs, heathlands, and grasslands of Brittany (Western France) in 2013. A total of 8576 spider individuals were identified up to the species level (for a total of 141 species), as well as all plant species in more than 300 phytosociological relevés. A generalised linear model showed that spider activity-density was negatively influenced by mean vegetation height and mean Ellenberg value for moisture. Indices of diversity (ɑ, β, and functional diversities) increased with increasing vegetation height and shrub cover. Variables driving spider composition were mean vegetation height, dwarf shrub cover, and low shrub cover (results from a redundancy analysis). Spiders, some of the most abundant arthropod predators, are thus strongly influenced by vegetation structure, including ground-dwelling species. Although later successional states are usually seen as detrimental to local biodiversity in Europe, our results suggest that allowing controlled development of the shrub layer could have a positive impact on the diversity of ground-dwelling spiders. 
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17532.
  • Lafage, Denis, et al. (författare)
  • Short-term resilience of arthropod assemblages after spring flood, with focus on spiders (Arachnida Araneae) and carabids (Coleoptera: Carabidae)
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Ecohydrology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1936-0584 .- 1936-0592. ; 8:8, s. 1584-1599
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Despite the expected increase in extreme flood frequency, the manner in which terrestrial arthropods cope with regular submersion of their habitat remains poorly understood in meadows, especially in temperate floodplains. Here, we studied the recolonization dynamics of arthropods after a severe spring flood in the Loire Valley (France). We carried out analyses at the community (order or family identification level) and species scales, focusing on the assemblages of two dominant and diverse groups: carabids and spiders. Our objectives were the following: (i) to describe the temporal changes in community structure after flooding and (ii) to assess the influence of landscape configuration on recolonization patterns of species and their functional traits. Fieldwork was performed along three sampling transects, by using 75 pitfall traps, in 2012. A total of 14767 arthropods belonging to 87 families were trapped, including 5538 spiders (55 species) and 3396 carabids (66 species). Multivariate analyses discriminated assemblages from flooded and non-flooded habitats and revealed changes over time in arthropod families and species after flood withdrawal. In particular, wolf spiders (Lycosidae) were the first to recolonize, whereas other groups clearly avoided flooded sites. Our results also revealed that short distances to hedgerows, and to a lesser extent, distance to woodlands, favoured the recolonization of large and ground-running spiders. In conclusion, our study shows the short-term resilience of certain groups or stenotopic species to flooding and also the relevance of multi-taxon-based studies. The presence of hedgerows has to be considered carefully in management plans because of their role of refuge during flooding. Copyright (c) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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17538.
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17539.
  • Lakade, Sameer S., et al. (författare)
  • Comparative study of different fabric phase sorptive extraction sorbents to determine emerging contaminants from environmental water using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Talanta. - : Elsevier. - 0039-9140 .- 1873-3573. ; 144, s. 1342-1351
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • A new sorptive extraction technique, fabric phase sorptive extraction (FPSE), using different coating chemistries: non-polar sol–gel poly(dimethyldiphenylsiloxane) (PDMDPS), medium polar sol–gel poly(tetrahydrofuran) (PTHF), and polar sol–gel poly(ethylene glycol)–block-poly(propylene glycol)–block-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG–PPG–PEG triblock) and sol–gel Carbowax 20M were evaluated to extract a group of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) with wide range of polarity from environmental aqueous samples. Different parameters affecting FPSE such as sample pH, stirring speed, addition of salt, extraction time, sample volume, elution solvent and desorption time were optimized for each sorbent coated FPSE media. Under optimum conditions, FPSE media coated with sol–gel Carbowax 20M provided the highest absolute recoveries (77–85%) for majority of the analytes with the exception of the most polar ones. Nevertheless, all four sorbents offered better recovery compared to the commercially available coating for stir-bar sorptive extraction based on Ethylene Glycol/Silicone (EG/Silicone). The method based on FPSE with sol–gel Carbowax 20M media and liquid chromatography–(electrospray ionization) tandem mass spectrometry (LC–(ESI) MS/MS) was developed and validated for environmental water samples. Good apparent recoveries (41–80%), detection limits (1–50ngL−1), repeatability (%RSD<15%, n=5) and reproducibility (%RSD<18%, n=5) were achieved.
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17540.
  • Lakade, Sameer S., et al. (författare)
  • Dynamic fabric phase sorptive extraction for a group of pharmaceuticals and personal care products from environmental waters
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Journal of Chromatography A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9673 .- 1873-3778. ; 1456, s. 19-26
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This paper describes for the first time the use of a new extraction technique, based on fabric phase sorptive extraction (FPSE). This new mode proposes the extraction of the analytes in dynamic mode in order to reduce the extraction time. Dynamic fabric phase sorptive extraction (DFPSE) followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was evaluated for the extraction of a group of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) from environmental water samples. Different parameters affecting the extraction were optimized and best conditions were achieved when 50mL of sample at pH 3 was passed through 3 disks and analytes retained were eluted with 10mL of ethyl acetate. The recoveries were higher than 60% for most of compounds with the exception of the most polar ones (between 8% and 38%). The analytical method was validated with environmental samples such as river water and effluent and influent wastewater, and good performance was obtained. The analysis of samples revealed the presence of some PPCPs at low ngL−1 concentrations.
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