| 31601. |
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| 31602. |
- Hu, Guangzhi, et al.
(författare)
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Reduction free room temperature synthesis of a durable and efficient Pd/ordered mesoporous carbon composite electrocatalyst for alkaline direct alcohols fuel cell
- 2014
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Ingår i: RSC Advances. - : RSC Publishing. - 2046-2069. ; 4:2, s. 676-682
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The development of easy and environmentally benign synthesis methods of efficient electrocatalysts for use in energy conversion applications motivates researchers all over the world. Here we report a novel and versatile method to synthesize well-dispersed palladium-functionalized ordered mesoporous carbons (Pd/OMCs) at room temperature without any reducing agent by one-pot mixing of tri(dibenzylideneacetone)palladium(0) (Pd2DBA3) and OMCs together in a common N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) solution. The formation of Pd nanoparticles and their crystallization on the OMC is catalyzed by protons in the solution and can thus be controlled by the solution pH. The complete process and the as-prepared nanocomposite was characterized by UV-spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (HTEM), X-ray photoelectron spectrum (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The electrocatalytic property of the as-decorated material was examined with cyclic voltammetry (CV). The Pd/OMC composite shows up to two times higher electrocatalytic ability with a significantly better durability towards ethanol and methanol oxidation in alkaline media compared to commercial high surface area conductive carbon black Vulcan XC-72 decorated with equivalent Pd nanoparticles. Our described method provides new insight for the development of highly efficient carbon based nanocatalysts by simple and environmentally sound methods.
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| 31603. |
- Hu, Guangzhi, et al.
(författare)
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Self-assembled palladium nanocrystals on helical carbon nanofibers as enhanced electrocatalysts for electro-oxidation of small molecules
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Materials Chemistry. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 0959-9428 .- 1364-5501. ; 22:17, s. 8541-8548
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a novel approach to prepare helical carbon nanofibers homogeneously functionalized with single crystal palladium nanoparticles via a phase-transfer method. The materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and electrochemical measurements. We find that homogeneous and small single-crystal Pd nanoparticles can be easily functionalized with phenyl mercaptan, transferred into the toluene phase from the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) phase and then non-covalently self-assembled onto the surface of helical carbon nanofibers with a very good dispersion and homogeneous diameters of 4.5 +/- 0.6 nm. The palladium-helical carbon nanofiber composite exhibits significantly higher electrochemical active area and electrocatalytic activity towards the electrooxidation of formic acid, ethanol and methanol than the commercial electrocatalyst Pd/Vulcan XC-72. Our results show that the prepared material can be potentially used as an advanced nano-electrocatalyst in a direct alkaline fuel cell system.
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| 31604. |
- Hu, Qiyu, et al.
(författare)
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Developing insoluble polyoxometalate clusters to bridge homogeneous and heterogeneous water oxidation photocatalysis
- 2023
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Ingår i: Angewandte Chemie International Edition. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1433-7851 .- 1521-3773. ; 2:32
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cluster catalysts are attractive for their atomically precise structures, defined compositions, tunable coordination environments, uniform active sites, and their ability to transfer multiple electrons, but they suffer from poor stability and recyclability. Here, we report a general approach to the direct insolubilization of a water soluble polyoxometalate (POM) [{(B-α-PW9O34)Co3(OH)(H2O)2(O3PC(O)-(C3H6NH3)PO3)}2Co]14- (Co7) and formation of a series of POM-based solid catalysts with the counter-cations Ag+, Cs+, Sr2+, Ba2+, Pb2+, Y3+, and Ce3+. They exhibit improved catalytic activities for visible-light-driven water oxidation following the trend CsCo7>SrCo7>AgCo7>CeIII Co7>BaCo7>YCo7>PbCo7. While CsCo7 exhibits mainly homogeneous catalysis, the others are predominantly heterogeneous catalysts. An optimal oxygen yield of 41.3 % and a high apparent quantum yield (AQY) of 30.6 % for SrCo7 is obtained, which is comparable to that of the parent homogeneous POM. Band gap structures, UV/Vis spectra, and real-time laser flash photolysis experiments collectively suggest that easier electron transfer from the solid POM catalyst to the photosensitizer promotes photocatalytic water oxidation performance. These solid POM catalysts exhibit good stability, which is directly confirmed by a combination of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction patterns, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, five cycles of tests, and poisoning experiments.
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| 31605. |
- Hu, XiaoLei, et al.
(författare)
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A photothrombotic ring stroke model in rats with or without late spontaneous reperfusion in the region at risk
- 1999
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Ingår i: Brain Research. - 0006-8993 .- 1872-6240. ; 849:1-2, s. 175-186
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aimed at developing a dual setup of the photothrombotic ring stroke model with or without late spontaneous reperfusion in the region at risk and to explore the morphological consequences. The exposed crania of adult male Wistar rats were subjected to a ring-shaped laser-irradiation beam (o.d. 5.0 mm, 0.35 mm thick) for 2 min simultaneously with intravenous erythrosin B (17 mg/kg) infusion. Transcardial carbon-black perfusion revealed that a laser intensity of 0.90 W/cm(2) resulted in late, that is, starting at 72 h, spontaneous reperfusion, whereas the lowest laser intensity that produced lack of reperfusion at 7 days post-irradiation was 1.84 W/cm(2). Laser-Doppler flowmetry showed prompt cortical cerebral blood flow (cCBF) reduction both in the ring lesion and region at risk (12% and 25% of control values) after high-intensity irradiation; these reduced flow values were more rapid and pronounced than in the low-intensity irradiation setup as previously shown. The high- compared with low-intensity irradiation setup produced more frequent occurrence of thrombi in the ring-lesion region and a larger ischemic cortical lesion with a more rapid pace of ischemic cellular changes in the ring-lesion region and the region at risk. The region at risk transformed into pannecrosis in the high-intensity, but recovered morphologically in the low-intensity irradiation setup. This dual photothrombotic setup with or without spontaneous reperfusion enables the study of events related to ischemic cell survival or death in an anatomically predefined region at risk.
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| 31606. |
- Hu, Xian-Ge, et al.
(författare)
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De Novo Transcriptome Assembly and Characterization for the Widespread and Stress-Tolerant Conifer Platycladus orientalis
- 2016
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 11:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Platycladus orientalis, of the family Cupressaceae, is a widespread conifer throughout China and is extensively used for ecological reforestation, horticulture, and in medicine. Transcriptome assemblies are required for this ecologically important conifer for understanding genes underpinning adaptation and complex traits for breeding programs. To enrich the species' genomic resources, a de novo transcriptome sequencing was performed using Illumina paired-end sequencing. In total, 104,073,506 high quality sequence reads (approximately 10.3 Gbp) were obtained, which were assembled into 228,948 transcripts and 148,867 unigenes that were longer than 200 nt. Quality assessment using CEGMA showed that the transcriptomes obtained were mostly complete for highly conserved core eukaryotic genes. Based on similarity searches with known proteins, 62,938 (42.28% of all unigenes), 42,158 (28.32%), and 23,179 (15.57%) had homologs in the Nr, GO, and KOG databases, 25,625 (17.21%) unigenes were mapped to 322 pathways by BLASTX comparison against the KEGG database and 1,941 unigenes involved in environmental signaling and stress response were identified. We also identified 43 putative terpene synthase (TPS) functional genes loci and compared them with TPSs from other species. Additionally, 5,296 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were identified in 4,715 unigenes, which were assigned to 142 motif types. This is the first report of a complete transcriptome analysis of P. orientalis. These resources provide a foundation for further studies of adaptation mechanisms and molecular-based breeding programs.
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| 31607. |
- Hu, Xian-Ge, et al.
(författare)
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Global transcriptome analysis of Sabina chinensis (Cupressaceae), a valuable reforestation conifer
- 2016
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Ingår i: Molecular breeding. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1380-3743 .- 1572-9788. ; 36:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sabina chinensis has broad distribution in China and is widely used in the reforestation and as an urban tree. The species is frost resistant and grows well on contaminated soils and is becoming valuable for soil remediation and protection against air pollution. Breeding programs aimed at exploiting the species' unique properties were handicapped by the lack of basic genetic information. Here, we established a transcriptomic profiling study from five different tissues using RNA-Seq to gain insight on the functional genes and the development of molecular markers for breeding and conservation purposes. In total 90,382,108 high-quality sequence reads (similar to 9.0 bp) were obtained, and 116,814 unigenes (>= 200 nt) were assembled. Of which, 45,026 and 15,589 unigenes were mapped to the Nr and KOG databases, 31,288 (26.78 %) and 17,596 (15.06 %) were annotated to GO and KEGG database, respectively. Additionally, 28,843 (24.68 %) and 43,033 (36.84 %) S. chinensis unigenes were aligned to the Pinus taeda draft genome and PLAZA2.5 database, respectively. A total of 4570 simple sequence repeat (SSR) motifs were identified in the unigenes. Furthermore, we obtained 6 (12.5 %) polymorphic and 21 (43.75 %) monomorphic loci in the verification of 48 randomly selected SSR loci. This study represents the first transcriptome data of S. chinensis and confirms that the transcriptome assembly data of S. chinensis are a useful resource for EST-SSR loci development. The substantial number of transcripts obtained will aid our understanding of the species adaptation mechanisms and provide valuable genomic information for conservation and breeding applications.
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| 31608. |
- Hu, Xian-Ge, et al.
(författare)
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Predicting Impacts of Future Climate Change on the Distribution of the Widespread Conifer Platycladus orientalis
- 2015
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 10:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chinese thuja (Platycladus orientalis) has a wide but fragmented distribution in China. It is an important conifer tree in reforestation and plays important roles in ecological restoration in the arid mountains of northern China. Based on high-resolution environmental data for current and future scenarios, we modeled the present and future suitable habitat for P. orientalis, evaluated the importance of environmental factors in shaping the species' distribution, and identified regions of high risk under climate change scenarios. The niche models showed that P. orientalis has suitable habitat of ca. 4.2x10(6) km(2) across most of eastern China and identified annual temperature, monthly minimum and maximum ultraviolet-B radiation and wet-day frequency as the critical factors shaping habitat availability for P. orientalis. Under the low concentration greenhouse gas emissions scenario, the range of the species may increase as global warming intensifies; however, under the higher concentrations of emissions scenario, we predicted a slight expansion followed by contraction in distribution. Overall, the range shift to higher latitudes and elevations would become gradually more significant. The information gained from this study should be an useful reference for implementing long-term conservation and management strategies for the species.
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| 31609. |
- Hu, Xiao-Lei, et al.
(författare)
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Assessments of a novel digital follow-up tool Rehabkompassen® to identify rehabilitation needs among stroke patients in an outpatient setting
- 2022
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Ingår i: Digital Health. - : Sage Publications. - 2055-2076. ; 8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: It remains a huge challenge to identify individual rehabilitation needs in a time-efficient manner for providing patient-tailored rehabilitation during the continuum of stroke care. We have recently demonstrated the usefulness of a paper-version Rehab-Compass as a follow-up tool. The aim of the current study was to develop a digital version of the Rehab-Compass and evaluate its usability and feasibility.Methods: The novel digital tool Rehabkompassen® was developed by an iterative and participatory design process. Patients' rehabilitation needs were visualized by the tool and used before, during, and after the consultation. The usability and feasibility of the tool was assessed by task completion rate, the System Usability Scale, and satisfaction questionnaires among 2 physicians and 24 adult stroke patients in an outpatient clinical setting.Results: Rehabkompassen® identified and graphically visualized a panoramic view of the stroke patients' multidimensional needs in individual- and group levels. The instrument appeared to be feasible and time efficient in clinical use with a 100% overall task completion rate for both patients and physicians. A majority of the patients reported that it was very easy or fairly easy to answer the digital questionnaires and to understand their own digital Rehab-Compass graph. Two physicians reported a high mean score on the System Usability Scale (95/100) and were positive about using the tool in the future.Conclusions: The current results indicated that Rehabkompassen® was a feasible, useful, and time-saving follow-up tool for the identification of rehabilitation needs among stroke survivors in the post-acute continuum of care after stroke. Further research is needed to evaluate the efficacy of the digital instrument among stroke patients.
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| 31610. |
- Hu, Xiao-Lei, et al.
(författare)
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Dynamic changes of the anti- and pro-apoptotic proteins Bcl-w, Bcl-2, and Bax with Smac/Diablo mitochondrial release after photothrombotic ring stroke in rats
- 2004
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Ingår i: European Journal of Neuroscience. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0953-816X .- 1460-9568. ; 20:5, s. 1177-1188
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The anti‐apoptotic proteins Bcl‐w and Bcl‐2 and the pro‐apoptotic protein Bax may mediate cell death or survival via regulation of the mitochondria including second mitochondria‐derived activator of caspase (Smac)/direct inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP)‐binding protein with low pI (DIABLO) release. This study aimed to explore alterations in Bcl‐w, Bcl‐2, and Bax and the relationship between these proteins and Smac/DIABLO by means of in situ hybridization, immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, and Western blots after low‐ and high‐intensity photothrombotic ring stroke. At 4 h after low‐intensity irradiation, we found widespread bcl‐w overexpression on both the mRNA and protein levels in the bilateral cortex except the ring lesion region and in subcortical regions. A prolonged elevation of Bcl‐2 with relatively unchanged Bax in the mitochondrial fraction was demonstrated from 4 to 72 h. These upregulated anti‐apoptotic proteins combined with little Smac/DIABLO release might be associated with increased cell survival and thereby remarkable morphological recovery after low‐intensity irradiation. After high‐intensity irradiation, we observed decreased bcl‐w and bcl‐2 mRNA with increased Bcl‐2 protein in the cytosolic fraction, whereas the Bax protein remained in scattered ischaemic cells in the ring lesion and the region at risk that corresponded with release of Smac/DIABLO from mitochondria to the cytosol at 1–24 h. These changes might be related to the massive cell death observed after high‐intensity irradiation. Taken together, the balance and the location of anti‐apoptotic proteins vs. pro‐apoptotic proteins could be associated with the translocation of Smac/DIABLO from the mitochondria to the cytosol and therefore closely related to cell death or survival after focal cerebral ischaemia.
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