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- Scherp, Joakim, 1968-
(författare)
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The peasant estate of Sweden : its rise and early modern evolution
- 2023
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Ingår i: Parliamentarism in Northern and East-Central Europe in the long eighteenth century. - London : Routledge. - 9781032071411 - 9781003205555 ; , s. 53-75
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this chapter I describe the evolution of the peasant estate of the Swedish Diet, the Riksdag, during the early modern era. First, the question of why a peasant estate arised in the Riksdag, when it is absent in virtually all other representative assemblies in premodern times. In doing so I compare Sweden with the neighbouring and culturally similar kingdom of Denmark, which briefly had peasant representation but then abolished it. In Sweden, but not in Denmark, a substantial portion of the peasantry, up to half of it, was independent of any feudal lord and dominated local politics in large parts of Sweden. There were also contingent reasons for the difference between the Scandinavian kingdoms. The contentious politics of the 1400’s and the 1500’s caused political actors to seek support from the peasants, during the former century as soldiers and during the latter as political supporters in the Riksdag. Above all, the kings sought support from the peasants against overmighty nobles. These developments had no parallel in Denmark.Second, the development of the peasant estate during the period 1617-1718 is described. During this period Sweden emerged as a great power in Northern Europe. The estate of peasants was disadvantaged by its low status, the lack of organization and its representatives’ inexperience and lack of education. Nevertheless, it was instrumental in curbing the meteoric rise of noble power during this era. And the peasant representation was highly valued by the peasants because of the possibility of presenting grievances to the king.Third, the continued evolution of the estate during the parliamentary rule of the period 1719-1772 is described. During this period, the Riksdag ruled supreme, and the political skills of the peasant representatives grew immensely. And the general peace and low taxes of the era contributed to the emergence of a rich, confident upper crust of peasant-farmers. However, they were still excluded from the most important political arena, the Secret Committee, which contributed to the widespread resentment of this system among the peasantry.At last, I discuss the legacy of the peasant estate and its importance for the political culture of modern Sweden
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| 22. |
- Scherp, Joakim, 1968-
(författare)
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The state conquers a feudal enclave : Ängsö 1690-1710
- 2021
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Ingår i: Bringing the people back in. - London : Routledge. - 9780367686963 - 9781003138662 ; , s. 215-230
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this chapter I analyze the process during which the Swedish early modern state abolished the feudal privileges of the Ängsö estate, situated in central Sweden. The privileges of the lords of Ängsö were very extensive by Swedish standards, and included judicial, clerical and fiscal advantages enjoyed by few, if any, other Swedish aristocrats. When these privileges were challenged by the Crown during the era of Caroline absolutism in the late 1600’s and early 1700’s the power relations changed dramatically on the estate. Even though the king’s officials were vested with great authority, they often needed help from subjects of Ängsö in order to claim the Crown’s rights. In some cases the confrontations were quite violent, as when the lord Sparre tried to evict the parson from the parish church of Ängsö. Nevertheless, his subjects supported their parson. The benefits for the subjects of the “conquest” seem to have been mixed, and many aspects of life on the estate stayed more or less the same.
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| 23. |
- Scherp, Joakim, 1968-
(författare)
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The Swedish Model, Early Modern Edition : Cooperation and constitutionalism in the Swedish Parliament
- 2015
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this paper I endeavour to explain the fact that the Swedish parliament, the Riksdag, emerged the realm’s most powerful institution in the 18th century – an accomplishment only equalled by the British Parliament. I trace the roots to the success to the Riksdag of the 17th century and argue that during this century a political culture of cooperation became strongly entrenched in the assembly; furthermore I make the claim that constitutionalist ideas took roots even outside the Nobility, among the three Commoner estates (the estates of Clergy, Burghers and Peasants). It is at the same time true that the Commoners as well as the Nobility often expressed strong support for the rulers’ bids for more power. The estates were thus surprisingly flexible both with respect to with whom they cooperated, and in ideological outlook. This explains why Sweden was characterized by strong state, strong national representation, and strong rule of law. I argue that the Clergy and the Burghers played a crucial political role in the Riksdag that thwarted both royal and noble bids for supremacy. Furthermore, I compare the Swedish development with Britain’s during the same period.
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| 27. |
- Linnarsson, Magnus, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Sverige efter karolinerna : Staten, människorna och samhället efter Karl XII:s död 1718
- 2017
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Ingår i: Karolinska förbundets årsbok. - 0348-9833. ; , s. 9-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Nästa år är det 300 år sedan Karl XII dödades vid Fredrikstens fästning i Norge. Det är ingen överdrift att påstå att kungens död i löpgraven nedanför fästningen är en av de enskilda historiska händelser som blivit mest omskriven i svensk historia. Det stora intresset har varit motiverat av flera skäl, bland annat eftersom Karl XII:s död innebar slutet för den svenska stormaktstiden och slutet på det karolinska enväldet. De förändringar som följde för den svenska staten och dess undersåtar var både omfattande och djupgående och kom i någon mening att prägla Sverige under de följande århundradena.Med Karolinska förbundets årsbok 2017 vill vi flytta fokus från den Karl XII-centrerade historieskrivning som i huvudsak varit dominerande när det gäller händelserna 1718. Årsboken är en specialutgåva där ett antal forskare medverkar. Med rubriken ”Sverige efter karolinerna – staten, människorna och samhället” vill vi bredda perspektivet på Karl XII:s död och på stora nordiska krigets slutskede. Årsboken fokuserar därför främst på de politiska och samhälleliga förändringar som enväldets fall innebar för Sverige.
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