| 1. |
- Frennert, Susanne
(författare)
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The CPS triangle : A suggested framework for evaluating robots in everyday life
- 2018
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Ingår i: 10th International Conference on Social Robotics, ICSR 2018. - Cham : Springer Verlag. - 9783030052034 ; , s. 369-379
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper introduces a conceptual framework: the CPS triangle, which has evolved over four years of research on ‘older people meet robots’. It is a synthesis of domestication theory, modern social practice theory and empirical data. Case studies on the domestication of one current technology, the robotic vacuum cleaner, and two emergent technologies, the eHealth system and the service robot, provide empirical evidence. Considering ‘older people meet robots’ within the framework of the proposed CPS triangle can help us to understand older people’s domestication or rejection of robots. In the CPS triangle, C represents the cognitive dimension; P, the practical dimension; and S, the symbolic dimension. The CPS triangle is meant to serve as a tool rather than a rule. It is recommended that the CPS triangle be tested more widely in a range of contexts. It will require adaptation and customisation for the context of use.
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| 2. |
- Hansson, Sven Ove
(författare)
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Risk, Science and Policy : A Treacherous Triangle
- 2018
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Ingår i: Ethical Perspectives. - : PEETERS. - 1370-0049 .- 1783-1431. ; 25:3, s. 391-418
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Decisions on risk are often frustrated by conflicts and uncertainties at the science-policy interface. This article shows that there is considerable scope for improving the decision-making process and in particular its use of science. Philosophical tools and distinctions can have a key role in eliminating or coming to grips with risk-related uncertainties. Many of the so-called scientific controversies are in fact not conflicts within science, but between science and science denial or other forms of pseudoscience. In these cases, the alleged uncertainties can be dissolved by throwing out pseudoscientific claims and fabricated controversies. A significant part of the remaining uncertainty is not decision-relevant although it seems to be so. Two simple symmetry tests are introduced for investigating whether an uncertainty is specific enough to be more troublesome for the option it has been associated with than for other options in the decision. Finally, decision theory and ethics provide means for dealing with the remaining decision-relevant scientific uncertainties. One of the ethical tools that can be used for this purpose is hypothetical retrospection. This method consists in systematically deliberating on how we will in the future evaluate the decisions that we make today, under various assumptions about other potential future developments. The purpose of this process is to come as close as possible to the ideal of making a decision that will be ethically defensible whatever happens.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Perez Vico, Eugenia, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Knowledge triangle configurations at three Swedish Universities
- 2017
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Ingår i: Foresight and STI Governance. - Moscow : National Research University, Higher School of Econoimics. - 2312-9972 .- 2500-2597. ; 11:2, s. 68-82
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The concept of a knowledge triangle, i.e., the principle of strengthening the linkages between research, education and innovation, has emerged as a result of policymakers' expectations that universities assume a broader societal responsibility. Yet, little is known about how these tasks and their interactions are orchestrated at universities. We explore concept of how the knowledge triangle is manifested in the organisation and strategy of three different Swedish universities, and how these manifestations are shaped by the policy landscape. The article highlights the fact that although the knowledge triangle remains a priority, explicit national policies are lacking, with the responsibility of integration falling upon universities themselves. We observe great diversity in how the principles of the knowledge triangle are orchestrated at the universities, e.g., through individuals' interpretations and attitudes, and through management strategies and incentive schemes. However, the three tasks have largely been handled separately, with weak coordination and generally limited ambition demonstrated by university management teams to forge new combinations of remits. At the individual and group levels, we observe weak task articulation, although some role models serve as inspiration. Tensions emerge as the responsibilities of operationalising the knowledge triangle falls on individuals who sometimes lack the appropriate mandate and resources. These findings raise questions for further research and implications for policy and university management.
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| 5. |
- Philip, Johan, 1932-
(författare)
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The area of a random triangle in a square
- 2010
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We determine the distribution function for the area of a random triangle in a unit square. The reault is not new. The method presented here is worked out to shed more light on the problem.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Wang, Lijun, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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A comparison of tradition geometrical models and mass triangle model in calculation the surface tensions of ternary sulphide melts
- 2008
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Ingår i: Calphad. - : Elsevier BV. - 0364-5916 .- 1873-2984. ; 32:1, s. 49-55
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Surface tension of the Ni3S2-FeS-Cu2S ternary mattes has been calculated using a mass triangle model as well as six traditional geometrical models based on the same calculation data to investigate the difference between mass triangle model and other kinds of geometrical models. From the calculated results, it might be seen that, the mass triangle model, irrespective of the method of selection of the binary data, would give the best results compared with other traditional geometrical models. The mean square root errors of the mass triangle method only range from 1.09% to 2.8%, which are almost within the experimental error of 2.5%.
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| 8. |
- Philip, Johan, 1932-
(författare)
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The area and perimeter of a random spherical triangle
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We determine the distribution functions for the area and the perimeter of a random spherical triangle. We consider two natural ‘polar’ ways of generating the random triangle. It turnsout that the distribution for the area in the first way is closely related to the distribution of the perimeter in the second way, and vice versa.
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| 9. |
- Böckenhauer, Hans-Joachim, et al.
(författare)
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The Steiner tree reoptimization problem with sharpened triangle inequality
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Discrete Algorithms. - : Elsevier. - 1570-8667 .- 1570-8675.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we deal with several reoptimization variants of the Steiner tree problem in graphs obeying a sharpened β -triangle inequality. A reoptimization algorithm exploits the knowledge of an optimal solution to a problem instance for finding good solutions for a locally modified instance. We show that, in graphs satisfying a sharpened triangle inequality (and even in graphs where edge-costs are restricted to the values 1 and 1+ γ for an arbitrary small γ > 0), Steiner tree reoptimization still is NP-hard for several different types of local modifications, and even APX-hard for some of them. As for the upper bounds, for some local modifications, we design linear-time (1 /2 + β )-approximation algorithms, and even polynomialtime approximation schemes, whereas for metric graphs ( β = 1), none of these reoptimization variants is known to permit a PTAS. As a building block for some of these algorithms, we employ a 2 β -approximation algorithm for the classical Steiner tree problem on such instances, which might be of independent interest since it improves over the previously best known ratio for any β < 1/2 + ln(3)/4 ≈ 0. 775.
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| 10. |
- Antusch, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Quark mixing sum rules and the right unitarity triangle
- 2010
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Ingår i: Physical Review D - Particles, Fields, Gravitation and Cosmology. - 1550-7998. ; 81:3, s. 033008-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In analogy with the recently proposed lepton mixing sum rules, we derive quark mixing sum rules for the case of hierarchical quark mass matrices with 1-3 texture zeros, in which the separate up and down-type 1-3 mixing angles are approximately zero, and V-ub is generated from V-cb as a result of 1-2 up-type quark mixing. Using the sum rules, we discuss the phenomenological viability of such textures, including up to four texture zeros, and show how the right-angled unitarity triangle, i.e., alpha approximate to 90 degrees, can be accounted for by a remarkably simple scheme involving real mass matrices apart from a single element being purely imaginary. In the framework of grand unified theories, we show how the quark and lepton mixing sum rules may combine to yield an accurate prediction for the reactor angle.
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