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- Suchara, M., et al.
(author)
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Implementation of provably stable MaxNet
- 2008
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- MaxNet TCP is a congestion control protocol that uses explicit multi-bit signalling from routers to achieve desirable properties such as high throughput and low latency. In this paper we present an implementation of an extended version of MaxNet. Our contributions are threefold. First, we extend the original algorithm to give both provable stability and rate fairness. Second, we introduce the MaxStart algorithm which allows new MaxNet connections to reach their fair rates quickly. Third, we provide a Linux kernel implementation of the protocol. With no overhead but 24-bit price signals, our implementation scales from 32bit/s to lpeta-bit/s with a 0.001% rate accuracy. We confirm the theoretically predicted properties by performing a range of experiments at speeds up to 1 Gbit/sec and delays up to 180 ms on the WAN-in-Lab facility.
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| 3. |
- Ojani, Chakad
(author)
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Infrastructures, Anthropology of
- 2021
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In: The International Encyclopedia of Anthropology. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 9780470657225 - 9781118924396 ; , s. 1-8
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Having initially figured in social theory as a metaphor to theorize capitalism, infrastructures have become increasingly central to the study of more long-running anthropological interests in politics and the mundane. Situated within or below, they are the conditions of possibility of other things, not least ethnographic practice itself. As such, infrastructures offer a number of possibilities for inquiry. We may ask about their constitutive relations, on the one hand, or their generative and structuring effects, on the other hand. In both cases, we encounter myriad ways in which infrastructures are far from fixed but susceptible to surprise. They enfold things that might not intuitively be deemed infrastructural, thus upsetting any clear-cut distinction between themselves and their environments. What their structuring effects in turn become is therefore never immediately evident. As material assemblage and metaphor alike, infrastructures may fold over and into themselves and thus exceed political and analytical intentions.
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- Ramesh Sagar, Vaishak, 1988
(author)
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Geometry Assurance of Laser Processed Metal Components
- 2021
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The manufacturing industry largely contributes to the global economy. How-ever, with the growing complexity of customer demands, stringent environmental norms, and requirements for shorter product development lead times, the industry continues to seek alternatives to address these challenges. Laser based manufacturing techniques are among the popular alternatives to address the challenges, mainly for their precision focusing abilities. Specifically, two laser assisted manufacturing techniques, namely the selective laser heat treatment of sheet metals and the selective laser melting of metal powders, have garnered attention for their ability to produce complex, and near net-shaped products that caters to the needs of industries such as the automotive and the aerospace industry. While great progress has been made in understanding their process capabilities, shortfalls remain in the area of geometric quality. Specifically, addressing the effect of local heating and local melting on geometric variation is scarce due to the novelty of the aforementioned manufacturing processes. As a result, the methods and tools in practice today may not be readily applicable to analyzing and minimizing the effect of local heating and local melting on geometric vari-ation. Thus, this thesis aims at developing knowledge to provide insights into the effect of the aforementioned manufacturing processes on geometric variation and, thereby, assist in establishing methods and tools for the geometry assurance process. To this end, literature studies were performed to map the significant factors influencing geometric variation and a robust design framework was established as the first step. The focus was then focused towards analysing a set of factors that could be optimized in the early design stages. Specific to the selective laser heat treatment of boron steels, the effect of factors such as the laser heat treat-ment grid pattern dimension, laser heat treatment grid pattern position, and laser heat treatment scanning path sequence on geometric variation were analysed. Meanwhile, in the selective laser melting of 316L stainless steel powder, the effect of factors such as particle size distribution and powder layer thickness on geometric variation were analysed. The results highlight the significance of considering the effect of the specified set of factors on geometric variation in the early product development stages and offer solutions to minimize the effect on geometric variation. Moreover, simulation techniques are presented that enable accurate decision making and demonstrate integration into the virtual product development setup. In summary, this thesis demonstrates the application of a robust design approach and the significance of considering geometry assurance in the product development process of laser processed metal components.
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- Kim, J. J., et al.
(author)
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Shared structural mechanisms of general anaesthetics and benzodiazepines
- 2020
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In: Nature. - : Nature Research. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 585:7824, s. 303-308
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Most general anaesthetics and classical benzodiazepine drugs act through positive modulation of γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptors to dampen neuronal activity in the brain1–5. However, direct structural information on the mechanisms of general anaesthetics at their physiological receptor sites is lacking. Here we present cryo-electron microscopy structures of GABAA receptors bound to intravenous anaesthetics, benzodiazepines and inhibitory modulators. These structures were solved in a lipidic environment and are complemented by electrophysiology and molecular dynamics simulations. Structures of GABAA receptors in complex with the anaesthetics phenobarbital, etomidate and propofol reveal both distinct and common transmembrane binding sites, which are shared in part by the benzodiazepine drug diazepam. Structures in which GABAA receptors are bound by benzodiazepine-site ligands identify an additional membrane binding site for diazepam and suggest an allosteric mechanism for anaesthetic reversal by flumazenil. This study provides a foundation for understanding how pharmacologically diverse and clinically essential drugs act through overlapping and distinct mechanisms to potentiate inhibitory signalling in the brain.
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