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| 2. |
- Hamnerius, N., et al.
(författare)
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Pedal dermatophyte infection in psoriasis
- 2004
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Ingår i: Br J Dermatol. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). ; 150:6, s. 1125-1128
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Dermatophyte infections have been considered rare in psoriasis. However, there are data indicating that tinea unguium is as common or even more common in psoriasis compared with healthy controls. Tinea unguium is generally a secondary event to tinea pedis infection. OBJECTIVES: To study the prevalence of tinea pedis and tinea unguium in psoriasis compared with a control group. METHODS: Consecutive psoriasis outpatients aged 18-64 years attending a department of dermatology were examined. Samples for direct microscopy and culture were taken from the interdigital spaces, soles and toenails. Consecutive patients without signs of psoriasis or atopic dermatitis seeking examination of moles constituted the control group. RESULTS: In total, 239 patients with psoriasis and 245 control patients were studied. The prevalence of tinea pedis was 8.8%[95% confidence interval (CI) +/- 3.6%] in the psoriasis group and 7.8% (95% CI +/- 3.4%) in the control group. The corresponding figures for prevalence of tinea unguium were 4.6% (95% CI +/- 2.7%) and 2.4% (95% CI +/- 1.9%), respectively. The differences found in the psoriasis vs. the control groups were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: This study does not support the hypothesis that the prevalence of tinea pedis and tinea unguium in patients with psoriasis differs from that in a normal population.
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| 3. |
- Kübel, Joachim, 1988, et al.
(författare)
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Ultrafast Chemical Exchange Dynamics of Hydrogen Bonds Observed via Isonitrile Infrared Sensors: Implications for Biomolecular Studies
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1948-7185. ; 10:24, s. 7878-7883
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Local probes are indispensable to study protein structure and dynamics with site-specificity. The isonitrile functional group is a highly sensitive and H-bonding interaction-specific probe. Isonitriles exhibit large spectral shifts and transition dipole moment changes upon H-bonding while being weakly affected by solvent polarity. These unique properties allow a clear separation of distinct subpopulations of interacting species and an elucidation of their ultrafast dynamics with two-dimensional infrared (2D-IR) spectroscopy. Here, we apply 2D-IR to quantify the picosecond chemical exchange dynamics of solute solvent complexes forming between isonitrile-derivatized alanine and fluorinated ethanol, where the degree of fluorination controls their H-bond-donating ability. We show that the molecules undergo faster exchange in the presence of more acidic H-bond donors, indicating that the exchange process is primarily dependent on the nature of solvent-solvent interactions. We foresee isonitrile as a highly promising probe for studying of H-bonds dynamics in the active site of enzymes.
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| 4. |
- Pham, Tuan A., et al.
(författare)
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Optimum material ratio for improving the performance of cement-mixed soils
- 2021
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Ingår i: Transportation Geotechnics. - : Elsevier BV. - 2214-3912. ; 28, s. 100544-100544
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The cement-mixed soils technique is an efficient solution to improve the ground geomechanical properties in infrastructures and construction projects. This paper presents a systematic laboratory study to investigate the optimum water-to-cement ratio existence on the unconfined compressive strength. The soil compaction is controlled during these tests. The results showed that the maximum unconfined compressive strength was not only controlled by the porosity but also the water-to-cement ratio. The results indicated that the optimum range of water-to-cement ratio to mobilize the maximum strength is between 0.75 and 1.25 while the optimum water content is around 15%, and is quite stable for various cement content. Besides, the unconfined compressive strength decreased with increasing the water-to-cement ratio, and the reduction is more significant for higher cement contents. It seems that high cement content could be not sufficient for a large water-to-cement ratio. Finally, a new index, namely, the combined volume ratio is proposed for the strength analysis of cement-mixed soils. Using this index, the unconfined compressive strength of cement-mixed soils can be reasonably predicted. The combined volume ratio allows selecting the ratio of water and cement volume to ensure that the void volume is minimized, and the strength is therefore maximized.
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| 5. |
- Ber, B. Y., et al.
(författare)
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Determination of nitrogen in silicon carbide by secondary ion mass spectrometry
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of Analytical Chemistry. - 1061-9348 .- 1608-3199. ; 59:3, s. 250-254
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The emission of atomic and complex nitrogen ions, which are the main impurity determining the n type conduction of silicon carbide, is investigated. It is shown that, among all the secondary ions of the CxN and SixN kind (x = 0, 1, 2, 3), the (26)(CN)(-) fragment exhibits the highest ion yield. The use of an ion peak with a specified mass as an analytical signal provides a detection limit for nitrogen in SiC at a level of 10(16) cm(-3). This result is attained in measurements at high mass resolution (M/DeltaM = 7500, interference peak (26)(C-13(2))(-)).
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Perjo, Liisa, et al.
(författare)
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Key actors in community-driven social innovation in rural areas in the Nordic countries
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Rural Studies. - : Elsevier BV. - 0743-0167 .- 1873-1392. ; 79, s. 276-285
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rural areas in the Nordic countries often face challenges such as demographic change and the closure of public services. To address this situation, some rural communities have developed solutions which can be characterised as social innovation. This paper analyses 18 such community-driven social innovation projects across the Nordic countries and seeks to examine the importance of different actors in the initiation and implementation phases of such projects. Based on qualitative analysis, focusing on the different stages of community-driven social innovation, the paper assesses the importance of different actors in developing each of the projects. The analysis demonstrates the relative importance of community members, civil society organisations, the local public sector, the private sector, and regional and national authorities, in terms of their respective involvements in the initiation and implementation processes for these projects. The key findings from this paper emphasise the differences between initiation and implementation for each of these community-driven social innovation projects. The initiation phase is highly dependent upon community members, civil society organisations and the local public sector, whereas it is primarily civil society organisations which dominate the implementation phase. Central to initiating and sustaining community-driven projects is the capacity of local actors to develop ideas, to find resources and to manage decision-making.
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| 8. |
- Pham, Tuan A., et al.
(författare)
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3D numerical study of the performance of geosynthetic-reinforced and pile-supported embankments
- 2021
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Ingår i: Soils and Foundations. - : Elsevier BV. - 0038-0806 .- 2524-1788. ; 61:5, s. 1319-1342
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Geosynthetic-reinforced and pile-supported (GRPS) systems provide an economic and effective solution for embankments. The load transfer mechanisms are tridimensional ones and depend on the interaction between linked elements, such as piles, soil, and geosynthetics. This paper presents an extensive parametric study using three-dimensional numerical calculations for geosynthetic-reinforced and pile-supported embankments. The numerical analysis is conducted for both cohesive and non-cohesive embankment soils to emphasize the fill soil cohesion effect on the load and settlement efficacy of GRPS embankments. The influence of the embankment height, soft ground elastic modulus, improvement area ratio, geosynthetic tensile stiffness and fill soil properties are also investigated on the arching efficacy, GR membrane efficacy, differential settlement, geosynthetic tension, and settlement reduction performance. The numerical results indicated that the GRPS system shows a good performance for reducing the embankment settlements. The ratio of the embankment height to the pile spacing, subsoil stiffness, and fill soil properties are the most important design parameters to be considered in a GRPS design. The results also suggested that the fill soil cohesion strengthens the soil arching effect, and increases the loading efficacy. However, the soil arching mobilization is not necessarily at the peak state but could be reached at the critical state. Finally, the geosynthetic strains are not uniform along the geosynthetic, and the maximum geosynthetic strain occurs at the pile edge. The geosynthetic deformed shape is a curve that is closer to a circular shape than a parabolic one.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Souihi, Amina, et al.
(författare)
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MultiConditionRT : Predicting liquid chromatography retention time for emerging contaminants for a wide range of eluent compositions and stationary phases
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Chromatography A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9673 .- 1873-3778. ; 1666
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Structural elucidation of compounds detected with liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry is a challenging and time-consuming step in the workflow of non-targeted analysis and often requires manual validation of the results. Retention time, alongside exact mass, isotope pattern, fragmentation spectra, and collision cross-section, is valuable information for ruling out unlikely structures and increasing the confidence in others. Different approaches to predict retention times have been used previously for reversed phase chromatography and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC), but application is limited to a small set of mobile phases and gradient profiles. Here, we expand the toolbox available for retention time predictions by developing a random forest regression model for predicting retention times for four column types and twenty mobile phase systems. MultiConditionRT was built using a dataset containing 78 compounds analyzed with C18 reversed phase, mixed mode, HILIC, and biphenyl columns. In addition, different eluent compositions were used: both methanol and acetonitrile were combined with different aqueous phases with pH from 2.1 to 10.0 (formic acid, acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, formate, acetate, bicarbonate, and ammonia). The root mean square error (RMSE) of the test set predictions was 1.55 min for C18 reversed phase, 1.79 min for mixed-mode, 1.93 min for HILIC, and 1.56 min for biphenyl column. Additionally, MultiConditionRT can be applied to different gradient profiles with a general additive model-based calibration approach. The approach of MultiConditionRT was validated externally and internally with 356 and 151 compounds respectively, yielding an RMSE of 2.68 and 2.32 min. 324 and 84 of these compounds were not in the dataset used in the model development.
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