| 1. |
- Beal, Jacob, et al.
(författare)
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Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density
- 2020
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Ingår i: Communications Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2399-3642. ; 3:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Davies, Stuart J., et al.
(författare)
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ForestGEO: Understanding forest diversity and dynamics through a global observatory network
- 2021
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Ingår i: Biological Conservation. - : Elsevier BV. - 0006-3207. ; 253
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ForestGEO is a network of scientists and long-term forest dynamics plots (FDPs) spanning the Earth's major forest types. ForestGEO's mission is to advance understanding of the diversity and dynamics of forests and to strengthen global capacity for forest science research. ForestGEO is unique among forest plot networks in its large-scale plot dimensions, censusing of all stems ≥1 cm in diameter, inclusion of tropical, temperate and boreal forests, and investigation of additional biotic (e.g., arthropods) and abiotic (e.g., soils) drivers, which together provide a holistic view of forest functioning. The 71 FDPs in 27 countries include approximately 7.33 million living trees and about 12,000 species, representing 20% of the world's known tree diversity. With >1300 published papers, ForestGEO researchers have made significant contributions in two fundamental areas: species coexistence and diversity, and ecosystem functioning. Specifically, defining the major biotic and abiotic controls on the distribution and coexistence of species and functional types and on variation in species' demography has led to improved understanding of how the multiple dimensions of forest diversity are structured across space and time and how this diversity relates to the processes controlling the role of forests in the Earth system. Nevertheless, knowledge gaps remain that impede our ability to predict how forest diversity and function will respond to climate change and other stressors. Meeting these global research challenges requires major advances in standardizing taxonomy of tropical species, resolving the main drivers of forest dynamics, and integrating plot-based ground and remote sensing observations to scale up estimates of forest diversity and function, coupled with improved predictive models. However, they cannot be met without greater financial commitment to sustain the long-term research of ForestGEO and other forest plot networks, greatly expanded scientific capacity across the world's forested nations, and increased collaboration and integration among research networks and disciplines addressing forest science.
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| 5. |
- Fang, Aoqi, et al.
(författare)
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High Color Conversion Efficiency Realized in Graphene-Connected Nanorod Micro-LEDs Using Hybrid Ag Nanoparticles and Quantum Dots
- 2024
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Ingår i: Advanced Optical Materials. - 2195-1071. ; In Press
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, a uniform nanorod (NR) array is etched onto the surface of Micro-Light-Emitting-Diodes (µLEDs) and mix Ag nanoparticles (NPs) with QDs to fill the gaps between the nanorods. Simultaneously, the study utilizes graphene to connect individual nanorods and enhance current spreading. The nanorod array's structure significantly reduces the distance between the QDs and the quantum well (QW), reducing energy loss from the excitation light source through a non-radiative energy transfer (NRET) mechanism. Additionally, the Ag NPs function as localized surface plasmons (LSPs), further enhancing the CCE of QDs via the absorption resonance. In this study, the effects of two types of Ag NPs are compared with different absorption resonance peaks on device performance. The results demonstrate that Ag NPs with absorption resonance peaks matching the emission wavelength of QDs play a more crucial role in the system. This configuration achieves a CCE of 77.78% for µLEDs with nanorod arrays, operating at a current of 10 mA. Compared to the conventional µLED structure with QDs only on the surface, the proposed method improves the CCE of µLEDs by an impressive 86.5%. This outcome underscores the significant contribution of the NR structure and LSPs in enhancing the CCE of QD-µLEDs.
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| 6. |
- Fenstermacher, M.E., et al.
(författare)
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DIII-D research advancing the physics basis for optimizing the tokamak approach to fusion energy
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nuclear Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 0029-5515 .- 1741-4326. ; 62:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- DIII-D physics research addresses critical challenges for the operation of ITER and the next generation of fusion energy devices. This is done through a focus on innovations to provide solutions for high performance long pulse operation, coupled with fundamental plasma physics understanding and model validation, to drive scenario development by integrating high performance core and boundary plasmas. Substantial increases in off-axis current drive efficiency from an innovative top launch system for EC power, and in pressure broadening for Alfven eigenmode control from a co-/counter-I p steerable off-axis neutral beam, all improve the prospects for optimization of future long pulse/steady state high performance tokamak operation. Fundamental studies into the modes that drive the evolution of the pedestal pressure profile and electron vs ion heat flux validate predictive models of pedestal recovery after ELMs. Understanding the physics mechanisms of ELM control and density pumpout by 3D magnetic perturbation fields leads to confident predictions for ITER and future devices. Validated modeling of high-Z shattered pellet injection for disruption mitigation, runaway electron dissipation, and techniques for disruption prediction and avoidance including machine learning, give confidence in handling disruptivity for future devices. For the non-nuclear phase of ITER, two actuators are identified to lower the L-H threshold power in hydrogen plasmas. With this physics understanding and suite of capabilities, a high poloidal beta optimized-core scenario with an internal transport barrier that projects nearly to Q = 10 in ITER at ∼8 MA was coupled to a detached divertor, and a near super H-mode optimized-pedestal scenario with co-I p beam injection was coupled to a radiative divertor. The hybrid core scenario was achieved directly, without the need for anomalous current diffusion, using off-axis current drive actuators. Also, a controller to assess proximity to stability limits and regulate β N in the ITER baseline scenario, based on plasma response to probing 3D fields, was demonstrated. Finally, innovative tokamak operation using a negative triangularity shape showed many attractive features for future pilot plant operation.
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| 7. |
- Ablikim, M., et al.
(författare)
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Amplitude analysis of D0 → K -π+π+π-
- 2017
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Ingår i: Physical Review D. - 2470-0010 .- 2470-0029. ; 95:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present an amplitude analysis of the decay D0 → K -π+π+π- based on a data sample of 2.93 fb−1 acquired by the BESIII detector at the ψ(3770) resonance. With a nearly background free sample of about 16000 events, we investigate the substructure of the decay and determine the relative fractions and the phases among the different intermediate processes. Our amplitude model includes the two-body decays D0 → ¯K*0ρ0, D0 → K−a+1(1260) and D0 → K−1(1270)π+, the three-body decays D0 →¯K*0π+π− and D0 → K−π+ρ0, as well as the four-body nonresonant decay D0 → K−π+π+π−. The dominant intermediate process is D0 → K−a+1(1260), accounting for a fit fraction of 54.6%.
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| 8. |
- Ablikim, M., et al.
(författare)
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Amplitude analysis of the chi(c1) -> eta pi(+)pi(-) decays
- 2017
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Ingår i: Physical Review D. - : AMER PHYSICAL SOC. - 2470-0010 .- 2470-0029. ; 95:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using 448.0 x 10(6) psi(3686) events collected with the BESIII detector, an amplitude analysis is performed for psi(3686) -> gamma chi(c1), chi(c1) ->eta pi(+)pi(-) decays. The most dominant two- body structure observed is a(0)(980)(+/-) pi(-/+); a(0)(980)(+/-) -> eta pi(+/-.) line shape is modeled using a dispersion relation, and a significant nonzero a(0) (980) coupling to the eta'pi channel is measured. We observe chi(c1) -> a(2)(1700)pi production for the first time, with a significance larger than 17 sigma. The production of mesons with exotic quantum numbers, J(PC) = 1(-+), is investigated, and upper limits for the branching fractions chi(c1) -> pi(1)(1400)(+/-)pi(-/+) , chi(c1) -> pi(1)(1600)(+/-)pi(-/+) and chi(c1) -> pi 1(2015)(+/-)pi(-/+) with subsequent pi(1)(X)(+/-) -> eta pi(+/-) decay, are determined.
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| 9. |
- Ablikim, M., et al.
(författare)
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Amplitude Analysis of the Decays eta ' -> pi(+)pi(-)pi(0) and eta' -> pi(0)pi(0)pi(0)
- 2017
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 118:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Based on a sample of 1.31 x 10(9) J/Psi events collected with the BESIII detector, an amplitude analysis of the isospin-violating decays eta' -> pi(+)pi(-)pi(0) and eta' -> pi(0)pi(0)pi(0) is performed. A significant P-wave contribution from eta' -> rho(+/-)eta(-/+) is observed for the first time in eta' -> pi(+)pi(-)pi(0). The branching fraction is determined to be B(eta' -> rho(+/-)pi(-/+)) = (7.44 +/- 0.60 +/- 1.26 +/- 1.84) x 10(-4), where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic, and the third model dependent. In addition to the nonresonant S-wave component, there is a significant sigma meson component. The branching fractions of the combined S-wave components are determined to be B(eta' -> pi(+)pi(-)pi(0))(S) = (37.63 +/- 0.77 +/- 2.22 +/- 4.48) x 10(-4) and B(eta' -> pi(0)pi(0)pi(0)) = (35.22 +/- 0.82 +/- 2.54) x 10(-4), respectively. The latter one is consistent with previous BESIII measurements.
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| 10. |
- Ablikim, M., et al.
(författare)
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Amplitude analysis of the KSKS system produced in radiative J /psi decays
- 2018
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Ingår i: Physical Review D. - : AMER PHYSICAL SOC. - 2470-0010 .- 2470-0029. ; 98:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An amplitude analysis of the KSKS system produced in radiative J/psi decays is performed using the (1310.6 +/- 7.0) x 10(6) nip decays collected by the BESIII detector. Two approaches are presented. A mass-dependent analysis is performed by parametrizing the KSKS invariant mass spectrum as a sum of Breit-aligner line shapes. Additionally, a mass-independent analysis is performed to extract a piecewise function that describes the dynamics of the KSKS system while making minimal assumptions about the properties and number of poles in the amplitude. The dominant amplitudes in the mass-dependent analysis include the f(0)(1710), f(0)(2200), and f(2)'(1525). The mass-independent results, which are made available as input for further studies, are consistent with those of the mass-dependent analysis and are useful for a systematic study of hadronic interactions. The branching fraction of radiative J/psi decays to KSKS is measured to be (8.1 +/- 0.4) x 10(-4), where the uncertainty is systematic and the statistical uncertainty is negligible.
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