| 1. |
- Akselsson, Roland, et al.
(författare)
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Luftföroreningar vid svetsning
- 1977
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- PIXE-analyser kan utföras med utvecklad analysuppställning med noggrannhet och precision av c:a 10 % och med hög analyskapacitet. Ett dataprogram för evaluering av räntgenspektra presenteras. Inverkan av provtjocklek vid PIXE-analys av inhomogena prov har studerats och korrektioner föreslås. Fluorinnehållet i filterprov har bestämts, samtidigt med PIXE-analys, genom utnyttjande av en kärnfysikalisk reaktion som ger resultat med god noggrannhet och precision. Svetsaerosoler har karakteriserats m.h.a. PIXE, ESCA och TEM/EDAX. En uppställning för insamling av svetsaerosoler under utveckling och hittillsvarande resultat indikerar representativ provinsamling med god reproducerbarhet.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Andree, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Knowledge Products from Close-To-Practice Research
- 2024
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Ingår i: Round table presentation at the NERA-conference, 6-8 March, Malmö University.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- ‘Close-to-practice research’ has received increased attention across the Nordic countries. Following the British Education Research Association (BERA), the notion of ‘close-to-practice research’ is used to refer to educational research that is based on problems in practice, often involves researchers working in partnership with practitioners in schools and addresses issues of relevance to practitioners. This roundtable focuses on how close-to-practice research can contribute to the knowledge base of the teaching profession by bringing together perspectives from didactics, school improvement and educational policy. More specifically, the interest is directed toward what characterizes the knowledge produced through practice-based research that may have significance for teachers' professional knowledge base and practice. The roundtable conversation builds on a previous analysis of what kinds of knowledge products are generated in didactic close-to-practice research where teachers and researchers work together within the research environment Stockholm Teaching & Learning Studies. As a result of this analysis a typology of knowledge products was proposed including: (i) descriptions of knowing, (ii) teaching design, (iii) didactic examples and (iv) methodological tools. It has been proposed that additional knowledge products may be developed, such as artifacts to be used in teaching (e.g. lesson plans, visual representations). The roundtable will include the following points of discussion: 1) a brief presentation of the typology, 2) challenging and developing the typology of knowledge products proposed by previous research by investigating different cases of close-to-practice research from traditions of action research and practice-developing research within subject-didactics, and 3) discussing how the notion of knowledge products may contribute to advancing the conversation on cumulativity in the field of educational research in general, and in relation to syntheses of close-to-practice research in particular. The participants will be engaged in conversations on the desirability and feasibility of striving towards cumulativity.
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| 4. |
- Bengtsson, Mariette, et al.
(författare)
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Anxiety in close relationship is higher and self-esteem lower in patients with irritable bowel syndrome compared to patients with inflammatory bowel disease
- 2013
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Ingår i: European journal of internal medicine. - : Elsevier. - 0953-6205 .- 1879-0828. ; 24:3, s. 266-272
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Previous research has suggested an interaction between personality factors and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) as well as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). We therefore aimed to elucidate differences in psychological and coping functioning between patients with IBD and IBS, and to assess the relationship of disease activity with these functions. Methods Seventy-four patients with IBD (mean age 43 ± 17 years, range 18–82 years) and 81 patients with IBS (mean age 37 ± 12 years, range 21–66 years) completed the questionnaires; Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Toronto Alexithymia, Experiences in Close Relationships, and Sense of Coherence. Disease activity was evaluated either by the Harvey-Bradshaw index, the Simple Clinical Colitis Activity Index, or the Visual Analogue Scale for Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Results The study revealed that patients with IBS had higher degree of anxiety in close relationships than patients with IBD (p = 0.003), and lower self-esteem (p = 0.001). No other statistical differences between the whole groups IBS and IBD or between subgroups were seen. Conclusions The fact that patients with IBS seem to have higher levels of anxiety in relationships and lower self-esteem could influence the way the patient deal with the disease and how the communication with health care professionals works out. A higher awareness of the importance of past negative life events should be taken into consideration. Whether the disease or the personal traits are the primary event should be addressed in future research.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Bohm-Starke, Nina, et al.
(författare)
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Treatment of provoked vulvodynia : A systematic review
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Sexual Medicine. - : Elsevier. - 1743-6095 .- 1743-6109. ; 19:5, s. 789-808
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Treatment recommendations for provoked vulvodynia (PVD) are based on clinical experiences and there is a need for systematically summarizing the controlled trials in this field.Aim: To provide an overview of randomized controlled trials and non-randomized studies of intervention for PVD, and to assess the certainty of the scientific evidence, in order to advance treatment guidelines.Data Sources: The search was conducted in CINAHL (EBSCO), Cochrane Library, Embase (Embase.com), Ovid MEDLINE, PsycINFO (EBSCO) and Scopus. Databases were searched from January 1, 1990 to January 29, 2021.Study Eligibility Criteria: Population: Premenopausal women with PVD. Interventions: Pharmacological, surgical, psychosocial and physiotherapy, either alone or as combined/team-based interventions. Control: No treatment, waiting-list, placebo or other defined treatment. Outcomes: Pain during intercourse, pain upon pressure or touch of the vaginal opening, sexual function/satisfaction, quality of life, psychological distress, adverse events and complications. Study design: Randomized controlled trials and non-randomized studies of interventions with a control group.Study Appraisal and Synthesis Methods: 2 reviewers independently screened citations for eligibility and assessed relevant studies for risk of bias using established tools. The results from each intervention were summarized. Studies were synthesized using a narrative approach, as meta-analyses were not considered appropriate. For each outcome, we assessed the certainty of evidence using grading of recommendations assessment, development, and evaluation (GRADE).Results: Most results of the evaluated studies in this systematic review were found to have very low certainty of evidence, which means that we are unable to draw any conclusions about effects of the interventions. Multimodal physiotherapy compared with lidocaine treatment was the only intervention with some evidential support (low certainty of evidence for significant treatment effects favoring physiotherapy). It was not possible to perform meta-analyses due to a heterogeneity in interventions and comparisons. In addition, there was a heterogeneity in outcome measures, which underlines the need to establish joint core outcome sets.Clinical Implications: Our result underscores the need of stringent trials and defined core outcome sets for PVD.Strength and Limitations: Standard procedures for systematic reviews and the Population Intervention Comparison Outcome model for clinical questions were used. The strict eligibility criteria resulted in limited number of studies which might have resulted in a loss of important information.Conclusion: This systematic review underlines the need for more methodologically stringent trials on interventions for PVD, particularly for multimodal treatments approaches. For future research, there is a demand for joint core outcome sets.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Carlsson, Annelie, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of IgA-antiendomysium and IgA-antigliadin autoantibodies at diagnosis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Swedish children and adolescents
- 1999
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Ingår i: Pediatrics. - : American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). - 1098-4275 .- 0031-4005. ; 103:6 I, s. 1248-1252
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of celiac disease (CD) in children and adolescents at diagnosis of insulin- dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) before insulin treatment was started. Material and Methods. At diagnosis of IDDM, and before treatment was started, 115 children and adolescents were screened for IgA-antiendomysium (EMA) and IgA-antigliadin antibodies (AGA). Those found to be EMA-positive and/or AGA- positive were investigated further with intestinal biopsy. Results. Of the 115 patients, 2 had known CD at diagnosis of IDDM; of the remainder of patients, 6% (7/113) were found to be EMA-positive and 9% (10/113) were found to have AGA levels above normal. Of the 6 patients who underwent biopsy, 5 manifested villous atrophy. In addition, 2 patients with high EMA and AGA antibody titers refused biopsy, and 4 patients with low EMA and/or AGA titers were found to have normal titers at control before biopsy decision. Conclusion. Because the prevalence of CD at diagnosis of IDDM would seem to be 6% to 8%, screening for CD seems to be justified among patients with newly diagnosed IDDM.
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| 9. |
- Carlsson, Annelie, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of IgA-antigliadin antibodies and IgA-antiendomysium antibodies related to celiac disease in children with Down syndrome
- 1998
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Ingår i: Pediatrics. - : American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). - 1098-4275 .- 0031-4005. ; 101:2, s. 5-272
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to investigate the prevalence of celiac disease in children and adolescents with Down syndrome.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty-three children and adolescents with Down syndrome were screened for IgA-antigliadin antibodies (AGA) and IgA-antiendomysium antibodies (EMA). Patients found to be either AGA- or EMA-positive were investigated further with intestinal biopsy.RESULTS: None of the 43 patients had known celiac disease at entry into the study; 37% (16/43) were found to have AGA levels above normal, and 16% (7/43) to be EMA-positive. Of the 15 patients who underwent biopsy, 8 manifested villous atrophy. Villous atrophy was present in all 7 of the EMA-positive patients, whereas the villi were normal in 7 of the 13 AGA-positive patients who underwent biopsy.CONCLUSIONS: EMA is a good immunologic marker for use in screening for celiac disease, and screening is justified in patients with Down syndrome.
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| 10. |
- Davidson, Sanna, et al.
(författare)
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Microscopic colitis in Denmark and Sweden : incidence, putative risk factors, histological assessment and endoscopic activity
- 2018
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5521 .- 1502-7708. ; 53:7, s. 818-824
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The significantly higher incidence rates of microscopic colitis (MC) in Denmark compared to Sweden remains unexplained. Methods: Consecutive patients with newly diagnosed MC in the neighbouring regions of Skåne in 2011–2015 and Zealand in 2010–2016 were prospectively identified. Data on large bowel endoscopies and biopsies rates were retrieved. Information on putative factors were obtained from registers and literature. Interobserver agreement between pathologists from both regions on 40 blinded hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained colon biopsies (collagenous colitis (CC), lymphocytic colitis (LC), non-specific inflammation and normal) was evaluated using kappa statistics. Results: The mean annual incidence per 105 inhabitants in Skåne and Zealand 2010–2015 was 5.9 (95% CI 4.6–7.3) versus 16.4 (95% confidence intervals (95% CI) 13.6–19.2) for CC and 2.7 (95% CI 1.0–4.3) versus 11.1 (95% CI 8.8–13.4) for LC, respectively. Number of endoscopies with biopsy per 1000 and the rate of MC per endoscopy with biopsy was higher in Zealand (34–52/1000) than in Skåne (12–21/1000). The kappa value for overall agreement between pathologists was good (0.72; 95% CI 0.64–0.79). Prescription of proton pump inhibitors and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors was higher in Skåne in the relevant age groups and prescription of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and smoking rate higher in Zealand. Alcohol consumption was higher in Denmark than in Sweden. Conclusion: The incidence of MC and number of cases per colonic biopsy was higher in Zealand and could not be readily explained by endoscopy or biopsy rates, differences in histological assessment or putative risk factors.
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