| 1. |
- Munthe, Christian, 1962, et al.
(författare)
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Person centred care and shared decision making: Implications for ethics, public health and research
- 2012
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Ingår i: Health Care Analysis. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1065-3058 .- 1573-3394. ; 20:3, s. 231-249
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a systematic account of ethical issues actualised in different areas, as well as at different levels and stages of health care, by introducing organisational and other procedures that embody a shift towards person centred care and shared decision-making (PCC/SDM). The analysis builds on general ethical theory and earlier work on aspects of PCC/SDM relevant from an ethics perspective. This account leads up to a number of theoretical as well as empirical and practice oriented issues that, in view of broad advancements towards PCC/SDM, need to be considered by health care ethics researchers. Given a PCC/SDM-based reorientation of health care practice, such ethics research is essential from a quality assurance perspective.
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| 2. |
- Sandman, Lars
(författare)
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Tvärvetenskap, vårdvetenskap och etik
- 2013
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna text baseras på ett kortare seminarieinlägg på temat tvärvetenskap och ska ses som en uppsättning personliga reflektioner kring detta tema (med viss teoretisk förankring) utifrån min erfarenhet av att ha verkat i två mycket olika akademiska miljöer – den vårdvetenskapliga som jag verkar i nu och den filosofisk-etiska där jag har min utbildningsbakgrund. Två miljöer där man förefaller förhålla sig olika till frågan om tvärvetenskap när det gäller det egna ämnesområdet. Samtidigt har jag som vårdetiker nästan genomgående i min akademiska karriär verkat inom ramen för tvärvetenskapliga projekt och oftast varit tvungen att i min egen forskning förhålla mig till andra ämnesområden – framför allt vårdvetenskap och medicin.
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| 3. |
- Heintz, Emelie, et al.
(författare)
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FRAMEWORK FOR SYSTEMATIC IDENTIFICATION OF ETHICAL ASPECTS OF HEALTHCARE TECHNOLOGIES: THE SBU APPROACH
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0266-4623 .- 1471-6348. ; 31:3, s. 124-130
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Assessment of ethical aspects of a technology is an important component of health technology assessment (HTA). Nevertheless, how the implementation of ethical assessment in HTA is to be organized and adapted to specific regulatory and organizational settings remains unclear. The objective of this study is to present a framework for systematic identification of ethical aspects of health technologies. Furthermore, the process of developing and adapting the framework to a specific setting is described. Methods: The framework was developed based on an inventory of existing approaches to identification and assessment of ethical aspects in HTA. In addition, the framework was adapted to the Swedish legal and organizational healthcare context, to the role of the HTA agency and to the use of non-ethicists. The framework was reviewed by a group of ethicists working in the field as well as by a wider set of interested parties including industry, interest groups, and other potential users. Results: The framework consists of twelve items with sub-questions, short explanations, and a concluding overall summary. The items are organized into four different themes: the effects of the intervention on health, its compatibility with ethical norms, structural factors with ethical implications, and long term ethical consequences of using the intervention. Conclusions: In this study, a framework for identifying ethical aspects of health technologies is proposed. The general considerations and methodological approach to this venture will hopefully inspire and present important insights to organizations in other national contexts interested in making similar adaptations.
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| 4. |
- Sandman, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Adherence, shared decision-making and patient autonomy
- 2012
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Ingår i: Medicine, Health care and Philosophy. - : Springer Verlag. - 1386-7423 .- 1572-8633. ; 15:2, s. 115-127
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent years the formerly quite strong interest in patient compliance has been questioned for being too paternalistic and oriented towards overly narrow biomedical goals as the basis for treatment recommendations. In line with this there has been a shift towards using the notion of adherence to signal an increased weight for patients’ preferences and autonomy in decision making around treatments. This ‘adherence-paradigm’ thus encompasses shared decision-making as an ideal and patient perspective and autonomy as guiding goals of care. What this implies in terms of the importance that we have reason to attach to (non-)adherence and how has, however, not been explained. In this article, we explore the relationship between different forms of shared decision-making, patient autonomy and adherence. Distinguishing between dynamically and statically framed adherence we show how the version of shared decision-making advocated will have consequences for whether one should be interested in a dynamically or statically framed adherence and in what way patient adherence should be assessed. In contrast to the former compliance paradigm (where non-compliance was necessarily seen as a problem), using observations about (non-)adherence to assess the success of health care decision making and professional-patient interaction turns out to be a much less straightforward matter.
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| 5. |
- Bremer, Anders, 1957-
(författare)
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Etiska aspekter vid HLR
- 2012
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Ingår i: Hjärtstoppsymposium 2012, Stockholm, Sverige 24 April.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 6. |
- Sandman, Lars, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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An ethics analysis of the rationale for publicly funded plastic surgery
- 2020
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Ingår i: BMC Medical Ethics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1472-6939 .- 1472-6939. ; 21:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Healthcare systems are increasingly struggling with resource constraints, given demographic changes, technological development, and citizen expectations. The aim of this article is to normatively analyze different suggestions regarding how publicly financed plastic surgery should be delineated in order to identify a well-considered, normative rationale. The scope of the article is to discuss general principles and not define specific conditions or domains of plastic surgery that should be treated within the publicly financed system. Methods This analysis uses a reflective equilibrium approach, according to which considered normative judgements in one area should be logically and argumentatively coherent with considered normative judgements and background theories at large within a system. Results and conclusions In exploring functional versus non-function conditions, we argue that it is difficult to find a principled reason for anabsolutepriority of functional conditions over non-functional conditions. Nevertheless, functional conditions are relatively easier to establish objectively, and surgical intervention has a clear causal effect on treating a functional condition. Considering non-functional conditions that require plastic surgery [i.e., those related to appearance or symptomatic conditions (not affecting function)], we argue that the patient needs to experience some degree of suffering (and not only a preference for plastic surgery), which must be ‘validated’ in some form by the healthcare system. This validation is required for both functional and non-functional conditions. Functional conditions are validated by distinguishing between statistically normal and abnormal functioning. Similarly, for non-functional conditions, statistical normality represents a potential method for distinguishing between what should and should not be publicly funded. However, we acknowledge that such a concept requires further development.
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| 7. |
- Aldrin, Viktor, 1980-
(författare)
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Frågebaserad professionsetik eller etiska riktlinjer i högre utbildning? : Fungerar SULF:s yrkesetiska riktlinjer i relation till breddad rekrytering och deltagande, eller är det dags för en ny form av yrkesetik i högre utbildning?
- 2016
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Ingår i: Högre Utbildning. - 2000-7558. ; 6:2, s. 109-119
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Syftet med denna artikel är dels att undersöka hur den existerande professionsetiken ser ut för universitetslärare idag, 2016, dels att pröva utforma en ny, frågebaserad professionsetik, som istället för riktlinjer utgår ifrån de didaktiska frågorna hur, vad, varför och vem? Som en grund för artikeln står dels SULF:s etiska riktlinjer från 2005 för universitetslärare, dels den problematik som breddad rekrytering innebär vad gäller studenters prestationer och förutsättningar till studier. Stora brister identifieras i SULF:s etiska riktlinjer, framför allt vad gäller synen på svaga studenter och lärarens roll att hjälpa studenterna att nå godkända betyg i sin universitetsutbildning. För att ge universitetslärare den etiska assistans som SULF:s riktlinjer talar om, behövs en ny ansats till professionsetiken i högre utbildning. En konsekvens av denna slutsats är därför artikelns konceptuella modell för en ny professionsetik för universitetslärare som benämns som frågebaserad etik där universitetsläraren inte bara grundar sin reflektion om undervisning i etiska ställningstaganden utan även låter denna reflektion mynna ut i pedagogisk handling med hjälp av de didaktiska frågorna ”Vad utgör undervisningens innehåll?”, ”Hur väljs undervisningens metod ut?”, ”Varför bedrivs undervisningen?”, samt ”Vem deltar i undervisningen”. Svaren på dessa frågor är, enligt modellen, universitetslärarens egna, och är alla beroende av etisk reflektion för att kunna formuleras och realiseras.
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| 8. |
- Johansson, Janet, et al.
(författare)
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Artistic Freedom or the Hamper of Equality? : Exploring Ethical Dilemmas in the Use of Artistic Freedom in a Cultural Organization in Sweden
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Business Ethics. - : Springer. - 0167-4544 .- 1573-0697.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With this paper, from the perspective of ethics at the workplace, we problematize the taken-for-granted assumptions embedded in the use of artistic freedom in creative processes. Drawing on the notion of inequality regimes (e.g. Acker, 2006) and using empirical material from a performing arts organization in Sweden, we explore how the assumptions of artistic freedom facilitate and legitimize the emergence of inequality regimes in invisible and subtle manners. Our findings indicate that non-reflexive interpretations of the concept of artistic freedom result in ethical dilemmas that impact the organization's pursuits of equality work. The aesthetic ethics oriented around the notion of ‘art for the sake of art’ tends to camouflage the centralization of aesthetic authority in processes where formal hierarchical structures are missing. Consequently, asymmetrical power relations between the Directors, actors, and producers are legitimized. Ethics of quality of art and that of the social ideal of equality have been constructed as dichotomic notions indicating that aesthetic ethics of art can only be preserved at the expense of social objectives of equality. We argue that the current interpretative practices of ‘artistic freedom’ in some cultural organizations add little value of ethics to the freedom of expressing artistic opinions and in achieving the social ideal of equality but lead to the emergence of inequality regimes in the artistic work processes.
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| 9. |
- Agnafors, Marcus
(författare)
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En rimlig samvetsklausul
- 2016
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Ingår i: Tidskrift för politisk filosofi. - 1402-2710 .- 2002-3383.
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 10. |
- Agnafors, Marcus
(författare)
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Mixing Interest and Control? : Assessing Peter Vallentyne’s Hybrid Theory of Rights
- 2015
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Ingår i: Philosophia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0048-3893 .- 1574-9274. ; 43:4, s. 933-949
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The relationship between libertarianism and state is a contested one. Despite pressing full and strict ownership of one’s person and any justly acquired goods, many libertarians have suggested ways in which a state, albeit limited, can be regarded as just. Peter Vallentyne has proposed that all plausible versions of libertarianism are compatible with what he calls ‘private-law states’. His proposal is underpinned by a particular conception of rights, which brings Interest Theory of rights and Will Theory of rights together. If convincing, Vallentyne’s theory of rights enables libertarians to accommodate a limited but nevertheless coercive state that can act without the full consent of the affected citizen. In this paper, it is argued that Vallentyne’s hybrid theory of rights is implausible from a libertarian perspective as well as fails to align itself with common and deeply held moral intuitions. Hence the conflict between mainstream libertarianism and the state is not solved by Vallentyne’s proposal.
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