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Critique of Cosmopolitan Reason : Timing and Spacing the Concept of World Citizenship
- 2014
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- Since the Enlightenment, the definition of terms such as humanity, citizenship and rights has fluctuated and these ideas continue to haverelevance for contemporary discussions of globalization from a «cosmopolitan» perspective. This volume goes back to the conception ofcosmopolitanism in Greek antiquity in order to trace it through history, resulting in an unmasking of its many myths. The concept is reconstructedwith reference not only to well-known (and some lesser known) historical thinkers of cosmopolitanism, but also to noted «anti-cosmopolitans».The first aim of the book is to display historical perspectives on a discourse which has been dominated by ahistorical presumptions. Thesecond is to critically explore alternative paths beyond the Western imagination, redefining the Enlightenment legacy and the centre-peripherydichotomy. Most notably, Eastern Europe and the Arab world are integrated within the analysis of cosmopolitanism. Within a framework ofconceptual history (Begriffsgeschichte), cosmopolitan reason is criticized from the viewpoints of comparative literature, psychoanalysis,phenomenology, postcolonialism and moral philosophy.The book’s critical approach is an attempt to come to terms with the anachronism, essentialism, ethnocentrism and anthropocentrism thatsometimes underlie contemporary theoretical and methodological uses of the term «cosmopolitanism». By adding historical and contextualdepth to the problem of cosmopolitanism, a reflexive corrective is presented to enhance ongoing discussions of this topic within as well asoutside academia.
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| 2. |
- Petrov, Kristian, 1975-
(författare)
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Construction, Reconstruction, Deconstruction
- 2007
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Ingår i: Revisiting Perestroika—Processes and Alternatives, Helsingfors universitet. - Helsingfors : Helsingfors universitet. ; :29 november–1 december
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 3. |
- Petrov, Kristian, 1975-
(författare)
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Från blodbesudlat kolonialsocker till livsviktigt blodsocker : Svensk-europeiska teman i sockrets globala kulturhistoria
- 2012
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Ingår i: RIG. - 0035-5267 .- 2002-3863. ; 95:3, s. 129-154
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- "From Blood-Stained Colonial Sugar to Life-Essential Blood Sugar: Swedish-European Themes in the Global Cultural History of Sugar"Drawing on material cultural studies and classical intellectual history, a cultural history of sugar in Sweden and Europe is reconstructed. The aim is to identify the modern conceptualisations of sugar and historically analyse their dialectical sympathies and antipathies. What are the historical reasons for eating—or not eating—sugar, and how are these actualised today? Sugar’s history is followed from antiquity, the middle ages and the Enlightenment up till the present. Sugar was spread in wider European circles only from the 1600s onwards, which triggered various conflicts that in many respects are still current. Was sugar a medicine or a poison, essential or fatal? Sugar played a powerful role in the creation of European wealth and has become intrinsically connected to Western modernity. With a contrastive departure in Mintz (1986) it is shown how the conceptualisations of sugar have changed from signifying an exclusive medicine, spice and sweetener to an omnipresent food (more recently, it might also be referred to as a drug). Cookbooks indicate that sugar in Sweden was transformed into a mass-consumed food during the 1830s. One hundred years later sugar was among Swedish bureaucrats elevated into the utmost important foodstuff of the future, to which the country had committed itself. Increasing the prevalence and consumption of cheap, energy-rich and chemically pure sugar was considered modern, rational and ethical. By eating sugar a Swede could literally eat happiness, freedom and modernity. Even critics of sugar consumption have since the 18th century associated modernity with sugar. Sugar crystals embodied civilization’s inequality and degeneration. When scientists in the 1840s enthusiastically discovered that sugar in humans was transformed into ‘blood sugar’, a poetical motive from 1700s slavery criticism was ironically recycled, in which ‘sugar’ had been attributed with ‘blood’ in order to discourage people’s consumption. The medical identification of sugar (sucrose) and blood sugar (glucose) meant that sucrose increasingly was regarded as essential, which gradually helped to consolidate the prevailing idea of carbohydrates as the primary energy source. Although preference for sweetness is genetic, cultural circumstances determine the forms and scope of sugar consumption. If sugar previously was a status marker of the aristocracy, it has accompanied by new medical discoveries increasingly become emblematic for the junk food of the underprivileged. Sugar’s white colour, purity, status of ‘blood sugar’, ethereal lightness and historic significance for national growth and autarky, are, however, examples of cultural factors which still legitimise sugar’s omnipresence in society. In today’s polarised debate about possible threshold values or penalty taxes, many opinions ventilated even in commercial, medical and public health discourses implicitly relate to older religious and cultural ideas and practices.
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| 4. |
- Petrov, Kristian, 1975
(författare)
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Kårverksamheten i den svåra nutiden
- 2008
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Ingår i: Tidningen Kulturen. - 2000-7086. ; :5 juli
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 5. |
- Petrov, Kristian, 1975-
(författare)
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Universalism and Russocentrism in Late Soviet Russia
- 2010
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Ingår i: Patriotism and Cosmopolitanism in a Divided World: Contemporary and Historical Views, Tartu 4/9. - Tartu : Tartu universitet.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Petrov, Kristian, 1975-
(författare)
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Russia in the European Home? : Convergence, Cosmopolitanism and Cosmism in Late Soviet Europeanisation
- 2013
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Ingår i: Europe-Asia Studies. - : Routledge. - 0966-8136 .- 1465-3427. ; 65:2, s. 321-346
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim is to present a conceptual and historical reconstruction of Gorbachev's notion of a ‘European home’, its underlying philosophy of history as well as its relation to Russian cosmism. The concept is contextualised within the convergence debate of the post-war period, in which a rapprochement between communism and capitalism was posited. The essay concludes with reflections on what the conceptualisation can tell us about the fall of communism and what impact the concept has had on today's search for a common European identity. An argument is advanced that the notion contained paradoxes that rather contributed to the dislocation of post-Soviet Russia from Europe.
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| 8. |
- Petrov, Kristian, 1975-
(författare)
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The Concept of Transition in Transition : Comparing the Post-Communist Use of the Concept of Transition with that found in Soviet Ideology
- 2014
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Ingår i: Baltic Worlds. - Huddinge : Södertörns högskola. - 2000-2955 .- 2001-7308. ; 7:1, s. 29-41
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The postcommunist concept of transition, as it was in use during the 1990s and early 2000s, is analyzed from the viewpoint of its intellectual prehistory. The concept is partly contrasted with alternative notions, partly relocated to its antithesis of communist ideology, where “transition” actually was an established concept. Via Hegel and Lenin, the concept’s logic of asymmetry and negativity is theoretically demonstrated. One thesis is that radical versions of teleological postcommunist transitology have unconsciously reproduced an essentially communist conceptualization of change that may generate new ideological biases and misconceptions. The reconstruction of the dialectics between communist and postcommunist transitology indicates and responds to a need for historical reflexivity.
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| 9. |
- Petrov, Kristian, 1975-
(författare)
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A European Home for Russia? : The Late Soviet Conceptualization of Globalization
- 2011
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim is to reconstruct Gorbachev’s concept of a European home, and its underlying philosophy of history. The concept is contextualised within the convergence debate of the post war-period, in which a rapprochement between communism and capitalism was posited. The concept indicated a paradigmatic departure from the traditional ‘anti-imperialist’ Soviet outlook, towards a search for ‘universal consensus,’ where so-called ‘human’ values were placed above the international class struggle. The idea about a bipolar world was redefined from the viewpoint of recognizing global interdependence. But how could Russia fit into a new European, global or even cosmic order? The concept of a European home will be discussed in relation to the early 20th century movement of Russian cosmism. The paper concludes with reflections on what the conceptualisation can tell us about the fall of communism and what impact the concept has had on today’s search for a common European identity, as well as implications for our contemporary understanding of questions about global integration and systemic crises. An argument is advanced that the notion contained paradoxes and anachronisms that rather contributed to the dislocation of post-Soviet Russia from Europe.
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| 10. |
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