| 1. |
- Smolicki, Jacek, 1982-
(författare)
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Acoustethics: Careful Approaches to Recorded Sounds and Their Second Life
- 2022
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Ingår i: Prace Kulturoznawcze. - : Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Wroclawskiego. - 0860-6668. ; 26:1, s. 11-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article attempts to rethink some problematic ways and motivations for engaging in (field) recording and working with recorded sounds. Interweaving reflections from my long-term soundscape archiving initiative undertaken in Stockholm, with projects of others aiming at preserving cultures through sound, I reflect upon ethical challenges that emerge against the prospect of second and following lives and deaths of recordings. Does the second life of a recorded event risk replicating power relationships that the original recording was enmeshed in? What can be gained and, more importantly, lost while conceiving a second life of a recorded sound? This article intends to open up an array of such questions which, as I suggest, need to be taken into consideration already before and during the recording process. As a discursive tool that does not resolve those concerns but instead creates space for critical reflection, I propose a concept of acoustethics. In a nutshell, acoustethics, as this portmanteau of acoustics and ethics suggests, is an ethically informed approach to the world’s soundscapes. I argue that any kind of engagement with the auditory world through recording technologies requires careful consideration of multiple agencies contributing to the recorded sound. As a reflective attitude to the sonic realm, acoustethics acknowledges that any recording takes place within already existing fields of relations and simultaneously generates new links between subjects, histories, worldviews, technologies, and other forces. In other words, any recording is intrinsically field recording.
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| 2. |
- Radomska, Marietta
(författare)
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Uncontainable Life : A Biophilosophy of Bioart
- 2016
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Uncontainable Life: A Biophilosophy of Bioart investigates the ways in which thinking through the contemporary hybrid artistico-scientific practices of bioart is a biophilosophical practice, one that contributes to a more nuanced understanding of life than we encounter in mainstream academic discourse. When examined from a Deleuzian feminist perspective and in dialogue with contemporary bioscience, bioartistic projects reveal the inadequacy of asking about life’s essence. They expose the enmeshment between the living and non-living, organic and inorganic, and, ultimately, life and death. Instead of examining the defining criteria of life, bioartistic practices explore and enact life as processual, differential, and always already uncontainable, thus transcending preconceived material and conceptual boundaries.In this way, this doctoral thesis concentrates on the ontology of life as it emerges through the selected bioartworks: “semi-living” sculptures created by The Tissue Culture and Art Project and the performance May the Horse Live in Me (2011) by L’Art Orienté Objet. The hope is that such an ontology can enable future conceptualisations of an ethico-politics that avoids the anthropocentric logic dominant in the humanities and social sciences.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Lindqvist, Christina, 1968-
(författare)
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Domestication effects on foraging behaviour : consequences for adaptability in chickens
- 2008
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The main aim of this thesis was to study domestication effects on foraging behaviour in chickens and to investigate whether and how domestication and selection for high production have influenced adaptability in chickens. Two domestic strains of chickens (egg layers and meat type chickens) and their wild ancestor, the red jungle fowl (RJF) were compared in different test situations with respect to foraging behaviour and adaptability. The domestic strains showed a modified foraging strategy, where they were less inclined to explore and feed from a hidden food source, i.e. they showed less contrafreeloading (CFL, the behaviour of working for food even though identical food can be easily obtained) than RJF. The difference in CFL between RJF and the layers were not altered by food deprivation, which suggests that the lower CFL in the layers represents a genetically based difference in feeding strategy. In addition, CFL decreased with age in RJF and layers and social isolation decreased CFL in RJF. Furthermore, when foraging, RJF acquired information about the quality of different food sources, which was utilised after a change in environmental conditions. Contrary to this, layers gained less information during foraging and showed an impaired spatial learning ability compared to RJF, and in this respect, layers showed a lower degree of adaptability. Chronic stress impaired the learning capacity of both breeds but RJF seemed to be overall faster to learn to locate food in a spatial learning task. Furthermore, stressed RJF started to eat faster in the spatial learning test than non-stressed RJF, and contrary to this, stressed layers showed a more passive response by prolonging the time to start feeding compared to non-stressed layers. This indicates a more active response to stress in RJF than in layers. Similarly, when RJF and layers were exposed to food deprivation, RJF showed an active response by increasing their time spent on foraging behaviour. The general results in this thesis most likely reflect different adaptive strategies, where RJF appear to be better adapted to a stochastic environment, and the domestic strains to grow and produce egg in a more predictable environment. The findings are in accordance with the resource allocation theory, which suggests that animals selected for high production are expected to reallocate a high proportion of resources into production traits and hence fewer resources might be left to other biological processes, e.g. exploratory behaviour. Selection for high production seems to influence the ability of chickens to cope with a changing environment, which may have implications for the welfare of chickens in a production environment.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Reimers, Eva, 1957-
(författare)
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Vanliga och ovanliga begravningar : om begravningstraditioner
- 2009
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Ingår i: Västerbotten. - Umeå : Västerbottens museum. - 0346-4938. ; 40:3, s. 21-32
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Artikeln behandlar variationer i begravningspraktiker i Sverige, med avseende på både tid och plats. Slutsatsen är att det inte egentligen inte finns några så kallade vanliga begravningar. Begravningspraktikerna förändras ständigt.
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| 7. |
- Salomonsson, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Ritualernas marknad : etnologisk forskning om livscykelriter och upplevelseindustri
- 2010
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Ingår i: Den rituella människan. - Linköping : Linköping University Electronic Press. - 9789173933667 ; , s. 53-63
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Intresset för events, det vill säga noggrant regisserade händelser i syfte att fånga och behålla uppmärksamhet, har fått förnyad aktualitet i dagens forskning kring upplevelsemarknaden. Kultur- och samhällsvetenskapliga analyser av den nya ekonomins produktion, försäljnings-grepp och marknadsföringstekniker har satt begreppet upplevelse i fokus. En tydlig skärningspunkt mellan ekonomi och marknad, kultur och tradition utgör firandet av livsloppets ritualer. Trots att de i allra högsta grad kan kategoriseras som upplevelser – känsloladdade och symboliskt viktiga – och att de i sin iscensättning involverar många av de yrkesgrupper som sägs tillhöra den växande upplevelsenäringen, har de hitintills inte fått något större utrymme i undersökningen av ”the Experience Economy”.
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| 8. |
- Nordh, Jonas
(författare)
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Social citizenship and people with dementia : Designing social care policies in Sweden
- 2016
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- People with dementia are commonly in need of some form of social care from the social services in order to manage their everyday situations. However, social services are shaped by the construction of policy targets. The aim of this dissertation is to explore the social citizenship for people with dementia. Social citizenship for people with dementia is explored by studying how people with dementia, in policy documents, have been constructed as a target group and also by studying how policies are enacted in practice by care managers, in their work and in their meetings with people with dementia. This is illustrated by studying policy documents from national level which range over nearly 40 years and 19 interviews with care managers. It is shown that, if and when, people with dementia are visible in policy documents, they commonly have a negative construction based on their cognitive and communicative abilities, as a burden, disturbing and incapable. It is further investigated how street-level bureaucrats, in this case care managers, experience meeting with people with dementia when they apply for social services. It is shown that care-managers experience difficulties concerning this group comprised of the exchange of information between care managers and people with dementia, refusal of social services by the person, the influence of relatives and other professions as well as moral dilemmas, such as the relations between the person with dementia and their relatives. The study shows that care managers have little support from policies, e.g. legislation and guidelines, in how to handle these dilemmas, and must thus create their own local ways of handling these situations. Care managers are thus influential policy actors concerning the policy target group of people with dementia. The policy processes which this dissertation illustrates, affect the social citizenship of people with dementia. It is shown that they, to an extent, have difficulties in influencing their own everyday situation concerning social services. Finally, the policy processes, will affect their possibility to influence their social citizenship.
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| 9. |
- Ludvigsson, David, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Guiderna och kulturarvssektorn
- 2016
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Studien "Guiderna och kulturarvssektorn" analyserar (1) hur guider visar kulturhistoriska miljöer, (2) vad guider talar om när de visar kulturhistoriska miljöer, och (3) hur guider är organiserade. Studien baseras på observationer av guidade visningar i ett stort antal kulturhistoriska miljöer, intervjuer med guider, samt analys av guideföreningars arkivhandlingar. Teoretiskt används begreppen plats, rum, berättelse, identitet och professionalisering.Viktiga resultat: Guider visar kulturmiljöer med hjälp av en specifik guidekompetens. Formmässigt präglas guidade visningar av guidens personliga uttryck, av relativt stor variation i framställningen med inslag av humor, anekdoter, berättelser och korta informationstäta partier, av dialogiska inslag och av en (potentiell) förhandling om guidens auktoritet. Innehållsligt utmärks guidegenren av att innehållet förankras på platsen där guide och besökare rör sig. Innehållet är mer skiftande än i många andra genrer. Här samsas akademisk, saklig kunskap med mer underhållande inslag. Många guider i Sverige har sedan 1980-talet varit organiserade i guideföreningar och med den nationella paraplyorganisationen SveGuide. Guideorganisationerna har arbetat för en professionalisering av guidegruppen och har varit inflytelserika i sitt arbete för längre guideutbildningar. Ambitionen att få erkännande som en specialiserad yrkesgrupp har varit svårare och det är först 2016 som man nått fram till en nationell auktorisation av guider. Det stora flertalet guider har guideverksamheten som en bisyssla vilket bidrar till att förklara guidernas ganska svaga ställning.
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| 10. |
- Määttä, Jerry, et al.
(författare)
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A Conversation on AI, Science Fiction, and Work
- 2021
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Ingår i: Fafnir. - Juvaskyla, Finland : Finnish Society for Science Fiction and Fantasy Research. - 2342-2009. ; 8:2, s. 54-68
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Karl-Heinz Steinmüller once remarked that SF “has become a unique medium for discussing science and technology, their prospects and hazards, and more generally their social and cultural impacts” (339). In this sense, SF as a genre forms a bridge between science/technology and the public, and is a vital aspect of public engagement with issues arising from scientific development. One such technological subject today is the development of artificial intelligence (AI) research.At the same time, there is a growing concern that representations of AI in recent SF and popular media are misleading (Goode; Graeber). In this article, ethnologist Daniel Bodén and cultural studies researcher Michael Godhe discuss AI in the light of the future of work with Jerry Määttä, one of the foremost SF scholars in Scandinavia.
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