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- Kardell, Örjan, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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Skogsgödslingen i backspegeln : debatten om storskogsbrukets kvävegödsling i Sverige ca 1960-2009
- 2010
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In the mid-1960s, fertilization (with nitrogen) had a breakthrough as a forest management method in Swedish company owned forests. The activity grew and peaked during the 1970s but then lost ground and stabilized on a low level in the 1990s and early 2000s. Over the last five years, however, interest in fertilizing Swedish forests has increased again. In this article factors that have shaped these fluctuations are explored. A specific task is to investigate to what extent the fluctuations correlate with debates on environmental issues. Furthermore, conflicting “fundamental ideas” within interest groups, representing forestry and the environmental movement respectively, are identified and analyzed. The study thus sheds some light on how the relationship between forestry and the environmental movement has evolved, from the 1960s until today.
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| 2. |
- Ericsson, Christer, 1949-, et al.
(författare)
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The Middle Class Patriarch In The Bourgeois Public
- 2008
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- During the second parts of the nineteenth century and the first part of the twentieth century the middle class patriarch played an important role in the formation and transformation of the bourgeoisie in Sweden - especially in the upper middle class dominated by industrialists, wholesalers and owners of "bruk". According to the comic press in the early twentieth century appearance was characteristic. Obviously he was a man. In the caricatures he often carried a high cylinder, wore a sturdy moustache á la Bismarck, was evidently thick and because of that a back leaned posture, and had a authoritative appearance. Often he smoked a fat cigar. Here we will discuss his world view. First of all we discuss him on the basis of the changes in the bourgeois public and its patriarchal relations. Then we consider important parts of the world view and lastly we discuss the middle class patriarch as an industrialist.
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| 7. |
- Rydberg, Andreas, 1980-
(författare)
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Viljebegreppet och psykologin : En studie av psykologins framväxt som vetenskap i Sverige genom en analys av viljebegreppets betydelseförändring
- 2008
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Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- The aim of this study is to elucidate the process in which psychology was separated from philosophy and established itself as a distinct academic discipline in Sweden. I argue that the concept of will, as well as the concepts of thinking and emotion, have a lot to tell us about the rise of academic psychology in Sweden. This is done through an analysis of psychology textbooks, encyclopaedia-articles and academic texts on the themes will and psychology, from around 1800 till 1950.Prior to the establishment of the first chair of psychology in Uppsala 1948, the discipline was above all a part of the philosophical discipline. For psychology to become a science of its own, it was crucial to obtain a position among the empirical sciences. It thus had to distance itself from philosophy, and in particular from metaphysics. In that respect the concept of will, thinking and emotion posed a problem. On the one hand, these concepts seamed necessary for a science of the psyche but on the other, they were traditionally associated with philosophy and especially with metaphysics.From around 1900, the concept of will underwent an empirisation process in which it distanced itself from the metaphysical content of meaning. The idea of thinking, emotion and will as faculties was criticised and replaced by a way of speaking of them in terms of single acts, able to be analysed in a more empirical manner. This change was in accordance with the new demand on empiricism. Within psychology, however, practicians of the trade still spoke in terms of will, thinking and emotion, as well as of classical philosophical problems such as that of the free will, albeit in a more empirical manner.A second, more profound change, occurred in the 1940s when the concepts of thinking, emotion and will, as well as the problem of the free will were sorted out from the psychological discourse. In light of their long time as an integral part of the psychological discourse it was a significant change that the human psyche was no longer to be discussed in terms of will, thinking and emotion. The most likely explanation of this change is that the institutional split between psychology and philosophy after 1948 also signified a separation between philosophical and empirical-psychological questions. After 1948 it was possible to pursue scientific studies in psychology without any knowledge of philosophy and hence, without an urge to pose philosophical questions.
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| 8. |
- Sundin, Bosse, 1945-
(författare)
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Från möjlighet till miljöskandal : Den svenska skifferoljeindustrin under 1900-talets första hälft.
- 2009
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- On a plain, in the middle of Sweden, there is a 100 meter high hill. Today it is best known for an art exhibition, “Art on a Hill”. In the winter it is used for skiing and at summer, a golf course is available at the foot of the hill. Fifty years ago this landscape of leisure time looked completely different. It was described as a desert, a moon landscape, and the hill as a volcano. Today’s seemingly peaceful hill is in fact an industrial memorial from Sweden’s most environmentally injuring industry ever. The hill is composed of waste from the extraction of oil from alum shale. The production started in 1942 with a state-owned company, Svenska Skifferoljebolaget. The company was established the year before. The German occupation of Denmark and Norway cut trade and the import of oil decreased to virtually nothing. Sweden is poor in fossil fuels, except peat and shale oil (to be found in low concentration at various places). After initiatives from the National Fuel Commission and other agencies, and after considerable investments in money and man-power, a domestic production of oil from shale started. The production made sense during the war. It partially compensated for the lack of imported oil. But, in spite of chronically weak economy and problematic environmental effects, production continued when peace came. The emissions of sulphuric gases destroyed vegetation and caused corrosion many kilometres from the production site. Only a fraction of the shale was extracted as oil or other hydrocarbons (gasol). The rest, as waste, built up what is today the hill. And parts of the waste was still burning when it was disposed. The result was that the hill (the “volcano”) was burning. And it is still, fifty years later, hot inside the hill.. One of the production methods was exceptionally devastating. Electrical thermal elements heated the ground and gasified hydrocarbons which was condensated to oil-products. That is why some papers named the shale oil “electrical petrol”. In spite of economical difficulties and obvious environmental problems production continued for twenty years after the end of the war which once had motivated the extraction of shale oil. In my paper I will discuss the causes of this “momentum” of shale oil production.
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| 9. |
- Ekström, Anders, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Humanisterna och framtidssamhället
- 2011
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Ingår i: Humanisterna och framtidssamhället. - Stockholm : Institutet för framtidsstudier. - 9789185619849 ; , s. 9-24
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 10. |
- Östholm, Hanna
(författare)
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Det öppna biblioteket : Carolina Rediviva, Carl XIV Johan och de projekterade rummen
- 2005
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The library-building Carolina Rediviva was erected in Uppsala between 1811 and 1841, partly due to the needs of the University library to expand its space for books. However only partly, since the building also was needed as museum, to house the University’s collections of antiquities, manuscripts, coins and medals, for teaching, i.e. giving lectures and demonstrations of physics, and storing the physics’ instruments, and for festivities such as academic ceremonies and musical concerts. Last but not least the building was a monument of the newly elected heir of the Swedish throne, Carl Johan, who as Crown Prince and University Chancellor served as an important initiator of the library project.This study shows that the (actually quite stressed) functions of museum, space for teaching and festivities in no way lessened the buildings role of library, but rather underlined it. The consequence, though, was that the architecture must be carefully planned so that access to concerts, museums or lectures was not muddled with access to the book-rooms. Further, the study follows the project of building a multifunctional library up close, with its financial difficulties, architectural considerations, the library conditions of the time and the different aspects of it being a royal monument.
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