| 1. |
- Fredriksson, Mats, 1962-
(författare)
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Isak Gustaf Clasons herrgårdsrestaureringar 1888–1930
- 2018
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Manor house restorations by isak Gustaf Clason 1888–1930 Swedish architect Isak Gustaf Clason (1856–1930) was the leading expert of his time for the conservation of manor houses and also for designing new manor houses and large villas. He was considered a leader for the architectural community and worked with many different types of building projects. He was also a professor of architecture and held important positions in the national building administration. Most of Clason’s energy, however, was focused on manor houses. These often uncomfortable, sometimes abandoned, houses were transformed into comfortable, prestigious, luxury homes for the economic elite of the time. This study aims to answer questions about how Clason developed his restoration practice throughout his career, how he evaluated the old buildings and what defined the goals in his projects. Other questions include: who were his clients? Why did they choose Clason? How did the designs evolve, and how did they relate to the general architectural ideals of the time?A Clason manor house project had a consistent design with historical references and, at the same time, it provided for a comfortable and modern home according to English ideals. He used a restrained design and worked to harmonize facades, volumes and interiors. In order to execute such a program, much of the existing character of the house could be lost. After 1900 the discussion of architectural conservation turned towards preserving historic houses, which led to criticism of Clason’s rather invasive methods. The ideology for architectural conservation shifted as specialists in conservation and art history were becoming more important. Clason gradually adopted the new ideals, and through the years he developed a strong sense for historical Swedish architecture. As an architect he remained open to new ideas, and his later work is strongly influenced by the design of a younger generation.KeywordsIsak Gustaf Clason, Swedish architecture 19th and 20th century, architectural conservation, architectural restoration, historic house conservation, manor house, manor garden, economic elite
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| 2. |
- Lundgren, Marja
(författare)
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Performance in the Swedish Building Code : An Inquiry into the Consequences for Architectural Design of the Formulation and Assessment of Performance Requirements
- 2019
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis investigates performance-based regulation in Sweden and its consequences for architectural design. In the last 50 years, there has been a transition from prescriptive to performance-based regulation, propelled by the drive to further innovation, productivity and competitiveness by expressing the functions expected of the buildings as performances. This thesis examines the promise of freedom in design and solution that this regulatory construction offers, considering two specific performance aspects of the Swedish building code: the requirements regarding energy performance in relation to user-comfort, and the requirement in terms of daylight in relation to health and hygiene. Each case investigates the implications of the performance-based system of regulation for the synesthetic and multidisciplinary process of design, focussing on how it affects the work of architects.This thesis also addresses the disciplinary knowledge necessary for assessing performance requirements, which in turn connects to the entry into building regulation of abstract natural science models quantifying societal goals in legislation, and to the disciplinary histories of the engineering and architectural professions.Speculating on ways forward that address the concerns that emerge from this analysis, the thesis turns to a historical example that dealt with a similar problem to evaluate its potential for developing current architectural practice. The dual nature of design, reaching into both expressional and technical concerns, has been the subject of research and eloquent discussion within the architectural concept of tectonics. The concluding section of this thesis raises questions about the architectural discourse in relation to tectonics. It suggests that there is work to be done to reconcile the division between architectural design and technical characteristics connected to building physics that permeates systems of building regulation in Sweden and more generally. The thesis suggests that if performance-based regulation is to offer freedom in architectural design, the architecture community needs to be much more involved in both the research and critique of performance requirements and of their formulation and assessment methods when addressing this.
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| 3. |
- Norell, Daniel, 1973-
(författare)
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Taming the Erratic : Representation and materialization in post-digital architectural design
- 2016
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis investigates materialization and representation in contemporary architectural design practice. Due to cultural and technological shifts, the act of design is no longer squarely located in the abstract realms of drawings or digital geometries. Computer aided manufacturing, simulation and scanning offer new design opportunities that are located in the transfer between representation and material. This has given rise to a post-digital model of practice and thought, in which ‘real’ and discrete chunks of matter are incorporated at the earliest stages of design.The thesis is practice-based, and spans in scope from design to technology to theory. The design work included explores materialization and representation from a particular point of view. In addition, it suggests a methodological approach to design, and explores the theoretical implications in this approach. These implications are addressed in two connected research questions: How can material processes, whether real or simulated, turn transfers between geometry and materialized objects into productive design opportunities? And how might material simulation alter the ways in which representations are conceptualized and used by architects? In parallel with practice-based work, the thesis suggests a theoretical framework for current issues of representation and materialization in architecture. This framework draws from the recent history of the digital turn in architecture as well as from recent design research work and theory in a post-digital turn.This thesis makes contributions in three main areas. Through the design work Erratic, it makes a visceral case for how the use of material simulation might open up new ways of harnessing material agency. It positions simulation in the field of architecture in-between established polarities such as geometry vs. matter, virtual vs. real and drawing vs. mock-up. It discusses the conceptual difference between design based on geometry and design based on discrete pieces of material. Finally, it proposes that form in architecture increasingly can be conceptualized as ‘chunks,’ as opposed to reduced descriptions of geometry.
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| 4. |
- Örn, Tomas, 1976-
(författare)
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Energy efficiency in heritage buildings : Conservation approaches and their impact on energy efficiency measures
- 2018
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The impeding climate change challenge urges for a reduction of energy use in the built environment. Buildings account for nearly 40% of the total energy use and about 35% of the greenhouse gas emissions in Europe. EU member states are required to improve the energy efficiency of the existing building stock, for example by sharpening building regulations and developing enforcement schemes. Since energy efficiency retrofits can affect irreplaceable values in heritage buildings, heritage buildings are often excluded from mandatory demands aiming at reducing the energy use in buildings. However, saving energy have gradually become embraced by the conservation community and heritage buildings with are seen as part of the solution.This licentiate thesis discusses the methods to identify heritage significance in a building and how the underlying theory determines different scenarios in a energy retrofitting process. The choice of conservation theory and conservation approach will affect the success the energy retrofitting process and determine how much the energy use that can be reduced. This thesis therefore suggests a framework to understand the different interpretation of the impacts that one could exert either by having an Objectivistic or Relative conservation value approach.. Based on this framework, a decision-support tool is developed to further detail the impacts of such approaches for different energy measures.Other results show that a majority of reviewed research publications focused on the operational energy in a building and only a few were concerned with energy use over the entire life- cycle of a building. These analyses are used to evaluate where most energy savings can be made, and often pinpoint weak spots in the building’s envelope or technical system. If it was mentioned at all, the influence of cultural and historical factors on energy efficiency measures as applied to heritage buildings tended to be assessed only briefly. Indeed, the majority does not describe conservation principles or even mention the methodology used – if any – for assessing or defining heritage values. Instead, researchers often show an explicit (sometimes an implicit) understanding of conservation as essentially something that is not destructive of original construction material and hence the authenticity of a building.This licentiate thesis is a compilation thesis, consisting of one separate sub-study, one literature review and an extended cover essay. The study is oriented towards a Swedish and European context, especially when it comes to climate conditions and discussions on building regulations and the theory and practice of architectural conservation. It addresses the growing research field of energy efficiency in heritage buildings and the thesis aims to contribute to an increased understanding on how the process of assessment and evaluation of heritage significance in buildings affects the making of heritage buildings more energy efficient. The main research question is: How do different approaches for assessing and evaluating heritage significance in buildings affect possible technical energy saving measures in heritage buildings?
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| 5. |
- Adiels, Emil, 1989
(författare)
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Geometry linking the art of building and the Universe: Geometric patterns on shells and grid shells
- 2021
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Geometry links the art of building and the physics of space-time. Mathematical breakthroughs in geometry have led to new ways of designing our structures and our ability to visualise and describe the world, phenomena in nature and the universe. However, in contemporary architecture and structural engineering, a more profound understanding of geometry has been forgotten. This thesis aims to resurrect geometry in architecture and engineering in connection with the rapid development of new digital tools for design and production—particularly the connection between the structural action related to the design of the geometrical patterns on shells structures are treated. A brief historical overview of geometry is conducted, and with an emphasis on its applications in architecture in terms of structural design and economic production. Furthermore, the connection to a sustainable building culture from the standpoint of the Davos declaration 2018, calling for a high-quality Baukultur is investigated. The concept of Baukultur (building culture in English) defined in the Davos declaration is related to architectural quality but has a broader meaning as it concerns the final product and the associated processes and its effect in society. Moreover, the concept of craftsmanship and workshop culture is examined, and how it is already present in computer code development and contemporary innovative research cultures combining architectural design and technology. Taking departure from the 18th-century experimental scientist Joseph Plateau and the contemporary artist Andy Goldsworthy, the connection between scientific and artistic research is investigated. Four articles are included; all connected to various ways of architectural applications of geometry in the design process. The first article describes a way to interpret empirically derived brick patterns, specifically the bed joints, using differential geometry. Two methods to apply this in the design processes of new brick vaults are presented. The first is purely geometrical and can be applied on an arbitrary shape with the possibility to apply several patterns; the second is an iterative method of generating a funicular shape and its pattern simultaneously. The second and third paper describes the design and construction process of two different wooden structures built of straight planar laths. Both studies examine the possibilities of using geometry as a link between various parameters in a design process using digital tools to achieve complex forms using simple elements and production methods. The fourth paper examines an appropriate form for a shell, that can balance aesthetics, structural performance and build-ability, with a proposal for the use of surfaces with constant solid angle. In this paper, the surface was generated with a Delaunay triangulation. Thus, future studies would include incorporation of other types of patterns facilitating buildability.
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| 6. |
- Forooraghi, Melina, 1989
(författare)
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Health and Office Architecture
- 2020
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The office, where many people spend most of their day, influences the health of employees, their families, communities, and society. While the body of research that relates office environment to health is growing, a question of interest for practitioners arises: how buildings should be designed and managed in order to support and promote health. This thesis adopts a salutogenic perspective in physical office environments. The salutogenic approach is an orientation toward health that focuses on the origins of health rather than on the determinants of disease. Salutogenesis indicates that the factors that create health are often different from those that cause illness. In this perspective, ‘sense of coherence’ has been found to be a resource for health promotion. However, the previous research concerning health in offices has tended to focus on the negative impacts of physical office environments (pathogenic) and less research has been carried out on the components that create and maintain health (salutogenic). The research work included two literature reviews and a mixed-method case study approach. First, health and healthy offices are studied in the context of office design approaches to explore how health is understood in the literature. Additionally, the Nordic perspective is specifically studied as a complementary setting to gain a deeper understanding of healthy office conceptualizations. While the literature provides input from the scientific perspective, the case study approach was used to explore the sense of coherence theory in an architectural context. The findings first revealed that conceptualizations of health and healthy offices were not abundant, and most approaches were limited to a pathogenic perspective. Second, design strategies were often formulated with little consideration of contextual factors. That is, no holistic office design approach was found to address all design features and health aspects. Finally, from a sense of coherence perspective, manageability and meaningfulness were the most recurrently influenced components, mainly by a sense of control, ownership, and opportunities for social interactions. Comprehensibility was also influenced, nevertheless, largely by the lack of behavioral rules and clarity. Contextual factors, such as the organizational work culture, facility management style, individual preferences, and activities were critical to elucidate the findings. To conclude, the findings highlight the need for holistic approaches that go beyond the mitigation of pathogenic aspects and promote the salutogenic resources of the physical office environment in order to strengthen employees’ sense of coherence and empower them to more positively and adaptively deal with stressors. As such, the move toward the healthy continuum in office environments involves two complementary strategies. First, modifications can be made to the office aimed at alleviating risk factors (e.g., improving air quality) and second, maximizing the presence of salutogenic resources (e.g., optimizing a sense of control).
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| 7. |
- Geib, Jonathan, 1979
(författare)
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Separations in Multivocality: Reconfiguring Dialogue through Design
- 2017
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis takes an artistic research approach concerned with the designer's agency within processes of public space. It traverses contexts of urbanism, urban design, architecture, art, design and participatory processes but also draws from other fields. It aims to reconfigure a view commonly held in applications of dialogue and participation, particularly in urban development, that dialogue is a face-to-face process which should converge towards a single consensus. Instead, dialogue can be understood to happen both directly and indirectly in dynamic processes involving converging (connecting) and diverging (separating) forces which together produce multivocality, or the coexistence of a collective voice with multiple articulated voices. In critical response to the monovocality of our post-political, post-Fordist context, and to similarly monovocal communitarian or cosmopolitan alternatives, the emphasis here is on mechanisms of separation for their capacity to structure the differentiation required by multivocality. The most immediate question is how the designer can structure, negotiate and navigate the dynamics of separation and connection, articulating and disarticulating voices in order to enable, protect, amplify or produce new multivocality.I experimented with and experienced these dynamics through my primary case study, Ett skepp kommer lastat. . . (2015-2016), a project I initiated in collaboration with the Frölunda Cultural Center and the Gothenburg Cultural Department, with the support of Chalmers Architecture and TRADERS. It involved eight groups of children and youth from three schools and inquired into the theme 'neighbors' from artistic, cultural, urban and architectural perspectives through a constellation of participatory workshops integrated with an exhibition.
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| 8. |
- Hällgren, Nina, 1977-
(författare)
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Designing with Urban Sound : Exploring methods for qualitative sound analysis of the built environment
- 2019
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The licentiate thesis Designing with Urban Sound explores the constitution and qualitative characteristics of urban sonic space from a design-oriented and practice-based perspective. The act of lifting forth and illuminating the interaction between architecture, the creation of sound and a sonic experience aims to examine and develop useful tools and methods for the representation, communication and analysis of the exterior sonic environment in complex architectural spaces. The objective is to generate theoretical and practical knowledge within the field of urban sound planning and design by showing examples of different and complementary ways of communicating and analyzing sound than those which are commonly recognized.
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| 9. |
- Kapur, Jyoti, 1973-
(författare)
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Smells: olfactive dimension in designing textile architecture
- 2017
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Designing with non-visual attributes challenges ways of representation. This research explores methods for designing with invisible materiality within the research practice, as well as ways of representation through textiles when designing spaces. Exploring textiles and smells within a space, the research program investigates spatial interactions.This research focuses on designing embodied experiences using tangible materials as expressions of smells. Through the spatial installations and performances Sight of smell, Touch of smell, and Smell, space, and body movement, haptics were explored as one of the methods of interaction with smells through textiles.Through the sense of touch, this research also investigates ways of revealing, activating, and disseminating smells within a space. Smells were purposely added through the methods of dyeing, coating, and printing to the textile materials that did not inherently embody any smells, As a result, tactile surfaces create non-visual expressions of smell. Further ideas of research in this area would explore another perspective of designing with smells in spaces. As an example, by designing textiles being smell absorbers, dividers, and re ectors, could compliment the spatial concepts and deals with the already existing smells in a living environment.In this licentiate thesis thinking through the olfactive dimension to design textiles is not only novel for the textile design eld; but also, its proposal for application in the spatial design is quite unique, and o ers a new dimension for spatial design.
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| 10. |
- Magnusson, Frans, 1981
(författare)
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Realtime & Development - modes of knowing design computation in architectural practice
- 2017
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis examines theoretical, methodological and organisational implications of design computation for architectural practice - from an insider perspective. It also proposes a conceptual model for knowing within this practice, in an approach that interrelates theory and actionable knowledge. Dsearch is a research & development network focused on the introduction of design computation at White arkitekter, a large Scandinavian architectural firm with over 900 employees.The research studies Dsearch from an insider perspective, providing a description and discussion of an organisational entity involved in the paradigmatic shift towards computationally augmented design thinking - design computation - in architectural practice. This entails the introduction of new tools, methods and competencies.This thesis contributes to the knowledge in architectural design computation practice, conceptualising documented methodology so as to establish a deeper theoretical understanding. Reciprocally it provides the wider field of design theory with insights into the problems and methods that occur in design computation in architectural practice.It also proposes a conceptual model for how to attain and share knowledge in an architectural practice augmented by design computation. This model articulates Realtime and Development as two approaches to time that are distinguished by design computation.The model builds on practical experience intertwined with notions from cognitive science, philosophy of the mind, design methodology, action research, and management- and learning-theory.
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