| 1. |
- Thorp, Robert, et al.
(författare)
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Young children's historical consciousness : A Swedish case study
- 2017
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Ingår i: Yearbook (of the International Society for History Didactics). - : Wochenschau Verland. - 1608-8751. ; 38, s. 215-234
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article presents a study of how groups of 7-year-old pupils in Swedish primary school with little or no experience of history education expressed historical consciousness. The results of the study show that a perception of linear time where the past is seen as distinct and separated from the present is a key characteristic among the children that showed indication of historical consciousness. These results suggest a view of historical consciousness as something individuals may develop, rather than something that is innately human and anthropologically universal, and that a focus on the fostering of a perception of linear time and the epistemological challenges this poses, may be key in enabling and developing children’s historical consciousness.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Persson, Anders, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Historieundervisningens existentialiserande potential
- 2017
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Ingår i: Nordidactica. - Karlstad : Karlstads universitet. - 2000-9879. ; :2, s. 59-74
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article presents a study of how history education can be understood as a practice directed towards existentialisation. Through classroom observation, teacher interviews and focus group interviews with students in grade 9 in Swedish lower secondary school, a complex teaching practice is uncovered where history teachers have to deal with matters pertaining to disseminating a meaningful narrative of the past, a critical approach to these narratives and an awareness of historicity and its implications for how we approach and understand the past. These results are then discussed from the perspectives of how history education can promote existentialisation among students, and what challenges and opportunities this may present to history teachers.
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| 4. |
- Thorp, Robert, 1976-
(författare)
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Uses of History in History Education
- 2016
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This compilation thesis contains an introductory chapter and four original articles. The studies comprising this thesis all concern aspects of how historical culture is constituted in historical media and history teachers’ narratives and teaching. It is argued that the teaching of history is a complex matter due to an internal tension resulting from the fact that history is both a product and a process at the same time. While historical facts, and knowledge thereof, are an important aspect of history, history is also a product of careful interpretation and reconstruction. This study analyses and discusses how history is constituted in history textbooks and popular history magazines, i.e. two common historical media, and in teachers’ narratives and teaching of history.The study finds that the historical media studied generally tend to present history as void of perspective, interpretation and representation, suggesting this to be the culturally warranted form of historical exposition. Moreover, the teachers studied also tend to approach history as if it were not contingent on interpretation and reconstruction. These results indicate that the history disseminated in historical media and history classrooms presents history in a factual way and disregards the procedural aspects of history.Applying the history didactical concepts of historical consciousness, historical culture and uses of history, this thesis argues that an essential aspect of historical understanding is an appreciation of the contextual contingency that characterises history. All history is conceived within a particular context that is pertinent to why and how a certain version of history is constructed. Furthermore, all history is also received within a particular context by people with particular preconceptions of history that are contextually contingent, in the sense that they are situated in a certain historical culture. Readers of historical media are members of societies and are thus affected by how history is perceived and discussed in these contexts. This thesis argues that an awareness of these aspects of history is an important factor for furthering a complex understanding of history that encompasses the tension highlighted above.
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| 5. |
- Hauksson-Tresch, Nathalie
(författare)
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Visual Rhetoric of the Truth in the Dreyfus Affair : A Semiotic Approach
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal for the Semiotics of Law. - : Springer. - 0952-8059 .- 1572-8722. ; 34, s. 127-143
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- At the turn of the twentieth century, French society was shaken by a scandal that affected it at many levels to varying degrees and that is still considered as a symbol of injustice, miscarriage of justice and antisemitism. The Dreyfus Affair started in 1894 when an artillery officer of Jewish descent was convicted and sentenced to life imprisonment for communicating military secrets to the German embassy in Paris. Only years later was Alfred Dreyfus exonerated and rehabilitated, due mainly to the role of the media and the famous article by the novelist Emile Zola, “J’accuse”. The press, in general, played a fundamental role in the narration of the event and in the complex chemistry that led a confidential case of espionage to become a broad public debate, exemplifying the constant struggle against prejudice and irrational impulses that implies democracy. From the impressive volume of publications, I selected two drawings issued when the truth about captain Dreyfus’s innocence began emerging. One is by Félix Vallotton, “That’s why she was not coming out!”, the other by Gustave-Henri Jossot, “She was too naked”, and they both give an interpretation of the truth and of the reasons why it—the truth—came out so late. The semiotic approach of the drawings and of Zola’s pamphlet in terms of visual message leads us to distinguish three aspects. The first is iconic and consists of establishing the links between a signifier, a signified and a referent in order to recognize the immediate message but also the connoted signification; the second is linguistic and consists of the captions; and the third is plastic, focusing on size, colors and shapes. These analyzes of the mode in which visual artefacts produce meaning and provoke an interpretative process are made in terms of rhetoric insofar as rhetoric is considered, not only in terms of figures of speech, but as a method of persuasion and argumentation.
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| 6. |
- Berg, Mikael, 1970-
(författare)
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Historielärares historier : Ämnesbiografi och ämnesförståelse hos gymnasielärare i historia
- 2010
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The overall aim of this study is to analyse history teachers’ understanding of the school subject history. The aim have also been to uncover what factors the history teachers say have affected their understanding of the school subject. Based on survey and interview methods, the question that this study deals with is: in the light of which general understanding of the school subject history, do the teachers make didactic choices on a daily basis?The first theme is biographical. The teachers’ life-history is taken into consideration and several factors in the teachers’ background and the school environment have been identified. It also seems as if the teachers’ understanding of the school subject goes from an elementary and searching approach to one that is more complex and convinced.The second theme is a more structural approach. The results shows three major orientations among the teachers’ general understanding namely, educational (bildung) orientation, critical orientation and identity orientation. Even though a main orientation can be seen among the teachers, an important result is also that the orientation is overall complex.At the most general level some patterns can be seen. First the connection between the teachers’ biography and their general understanding of the school subject. In the understanding of the school subject, it is also notable that teachers relate in different ways to history as science, history as identity and history from an ideological viewpoint. It is also possible to note some signs of change in the school subject history that follows a lager historiographical context.
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| 7. |
- Berg, Mikael, 1970-
(författare)
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Historielärares ämnesförståelse : Centrala begrepp i historielärares förståelse av skolämnet historia
- 2014
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis focuses on four different aspects of history teachers’ comprehensive understanding of the school subject history. More specifically, the aim is to study the comprehension of the subject as perceived by individual history teachers. Special emphasis is placed on identifying the concepts of the field of history that are central to the teachers’ understanding of the school subject history. The first aspect studied is the teachers’ biographical changes. In a life history perspective it seems as if the teachers’ subject conception changes from an unproblematic and tentative approach to a more complex and confident understanding of the subject. The second aspect treated is the rationale behind their grasp of the purpose and content of the subject. Three major positions are identified, namely educational (bildung) orientation, critical orientation, and identity orientation. The third aspect studied is the teachers’ interpretation of a curriculum new to them. The teachers placed the curriculum in the field of tension between an education policy position, emphasizing more precise knowledge, on the one hand, and a history science position, emphasizing concepts of historical consciousness. The fourth aspect studied is five different conceptual tools displayed in the teachers’ remarks on having completed the teaching of a new course. These are termed ‘history as narrative’, ‘history as time-space’, ‘history as explanation’, ‘history as perspective taking’, and ‘history as skills’ At the general level the study shows not only that subject conception is of importance to the teachers’ understanding of their obligation as teachers of history but also how it is formed and constantly transformed by many different factors. In this process it is clear that the concepts used by the teachers, although variously defined, can be seen as specific to the school subject history and essential to the construction of history as a school subject.
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| 8. |
- Persson, Anders, 1974-
(författare)
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Lärartillvaro och historieundervisning : innebörder av ett nytt uppdrag i de mätbara resultatens tid
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Swedish compulsory school has recently been subjected to a number of political reforms. Between 2011 and 2014, for example, earlier grades, more national tests and a new curriculum plan (Lgr 11) were to be implemented. This thesis aims to examine those changes as they were experienced by teachers who teach history in Swedish upper primary schools. The theoretical framework is in-spired by existential philosophy, primarily as formulated in the works of Martin Heidegger and Hanna Arendt. In this way, the study highlights the teachers’ lived experience by making use of the concepts yearning, appearance, acting and mood.The study comprises of 36 interviews with 26 informants. The interviews were carried out and transcribed during 2014. The questions focus on both the existential being of the teachers’ lives as well as the ideological function of the history subject. This highly renders in the issue of how lived experiences of a specific school reform corresponded to the teachers’ own perception of a mean-ingful history education. Both the yearnings that were expressed by the participants and their de-scriptions of what they have experienced, have been related to the overall educational ideological functions stated by Gert Biesta (socialisation, subjectification and qualification) and Jonas Aspelin (existentialisation).Although the teachers’ narratives were greatly varied in some aspects, their interpretations of the new assignment seemed to be quite homogenous. Most of the teachers portrayed a situation characterised by performativity. Measurable knowledge and more frequent documentation seemed to be prioritised. Some of them stressed that they experienced less autonomy. In terms of history, the new curriculum was associated with more content knowledge, cognitive skills and procedural abilities. From the teachers’ perspective, pure qualification, rather than subjectification and social-isation, characterised the new curriculum.Still, the teachers’ feelings towards the curricular changes showed a great deal of divergence. Some of them embraced most of the new aspects. They claimed that clearly formulated require-ments in the history curricula provided them with security. They declared that their history teaching to some extent became more professional. In line with such beliefs, some teachers asserted that the strengthened focus on analytical skills improved their teaching. Particularly those who ex-pressed that they preferred such analytic procedural approaches described their experience in terms of confirmation and approval. Others appeared to struggle with the changes. While a few teachers even tried to resist the curricular changes, some found themselves forced to endure what appeared to be a totally new situation. They expressed disbelief, frustration and pain. Notably it was those most devoted to the existentialisational function of history teaching that usually seemed to express such alienation. As argued, they appeared to long for a lost possibility to engage their pupils, to bring history alive and to make meaning of the past.
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