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New natures : joining environmental history with science and technology studies
- 2013
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- New Natures broadens the dialogue between the disciplines of science and technology studies (STS) and environmental history in hopes of deepening and even transforming understandings of human-nature interactions. The volume presents historical studies that engage with key STS theories, offering models for how these theories can help crystallize central lessons from empirical histories, facilitate comparative analysis, and provide a language for complicated historical phenomena. Overall, the collection exemplifies the fruitfulness of cross-disciplinary thinking.
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- Jørgensen, Dolly
(författare)
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Not by human hands : five technological tenets for environmental history in the Anthropocene
- 2014
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Ingår i: Environment and History. - : White Horse Press. - 0967-3407 .- 1752-7023. ; 20:4, s. 479-489
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Technologies in the hands of humans have turned humans into a force of nature. Environmental historians have increasingly recognised the value of history of technology to explain many environmental changes. Scholarship at the environment-technology junction, deploying ideas developed with the framework of Science and Technology Studies (STS), has revealed the usefulness of seeing the whole constellation of science, technology, and environment as simultaneously human-made. Based on recent work at the intersection of history of technology and environment, I propose five technological tenets about human interaction with nonhuman living beings that should be adopted as central elements of environmental history. The tenets demand that historians break down conceptual barriers between artefacts and animals: animals and plants are themselves technologies; technologies provide means of controlling other living beings; technologies mediate our knowledge of animals; technologies affect our valuation of other living creatures; and technology is part of the ecosystem.
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- Öhman, May-Britt, 1966-
(författare)
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Morfars farmors syster Brita Stina Larsdotter Rim : Återtagande av lulesamisk och skogssamisk historia och identitet i ett bosättarkolonialt Sverige
- 2021
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Ingår i: Tidsskrift for kjønnsforskning. - : KILDEN - Informasjonssenter for kjønnsforskning, Universitetsforlaget. - 0809-6341 .- 1891-1781. ; 4, s. 197-214
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hur hänger ett foto av en lule- och skogssamisk kvinna taget 1868 ihop med ett samtal mellan mor och dotter i ett kök över hundra år senare? I denna artikel tar jag utgångspunkt i en bild på min morfars farmors syster, skogs- och lulesamiska kvinnan Brita Stina Larsdotter Rim från 1868, som jag mötte 2008 för första gången i en webbutställning, och ett avgörande kökssamtal på svenska med min mamma på 1990-talet. Brita Stinas ansikte återfinns, än idag, via Nordiska museet tillgängliggjort online, utan restriktioner, utan etiska förbehåll, och utan att Brita Stinas livshistoria finns återgiven. Att resonera kring mitt möte med Brita Stinas bild och hur det hänger ihop med min familjs osynliggjorda samiska historia utgör ett återtagande – ett försök att använda bilden på ett samiskt sätt. Det är ett bidrag till svensk kolonial och bosättarkolonial historia, och därigenom ett bidrag till nordisk och europeisk historisk och kvinnohistorisk forskning. Jag ifrågasätter hur denna historia skrivs och hur den återges på museer, i undervisning i skola och på universitet, i läroböcker och i kurslitteratur.
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- Elenius, Lars, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Minoritetsspråk och myndighetskontakt : flerspråkighet bland användare av samiska, meänkieli och finska i Norrbottens län efter minoritetsspråklagarnas tillkomst 2000
- 2002
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I undersökningen har två intervjuundersökningar gjorts med minoritetsspråksanvändare i Kiruna, Pajala och Haparande kommun. I den ena har direktintervjuer gjorts med 79 individer i de tre kommunerna. I den andra har telefonintervjuer gjorts med 42 individer som representerar föreningar och organisatoner i området, samt med 10 representatner för myndigheter.Språkanvändningen har undersökts på individnivå, gruppnivå och samhällsnivå med största fokus på individnivån. För att analysera hur samiska, meänkieli och finska använts i kontakter med myndigheter har ett helhetsperspektiv anlagts på språkanvändningen. Det betyder att både privata och offentliga språkdomäner undersökts. Materialet har sedan analyserats med avseende på hur de språkliga minoriteterna i området har använt sig av minoritetsspråklagarna utifrån de tre kriterierna identitet, deltagande och effektivitet.Syftet med studien har varit att utreda varför språkanvändarna i så liten utsträckning har använt sig av de möjligheter som lagarna innebär. En generell frågeställning är om det finns en avgörande skillnad i myndigheternas sätt att betrakta användningen av ett minoritetsspråk i offentliga och formella sammanhang, jämfört med de enskilda individernas sätt att se på minoritetsspråkets nvändning, främst då i kontakterna med olika offentliga organ.
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- Öhman, May-Britt, 1966-
(författare)
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Taming exotic beauties : Swedish hydropower constructions in Tanzania in the era of development assistance, 1960s-1990s
- 2007
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study analyses the history of a large hydroelectric scheme – the Great Ruaha power project in Tanzania. The objective is to establish why and how this specific scheme came about, and as part of this to identify the key actors involved in the decision-making process, including the ideological contexts within which they acted. Although the Tanzanian actors and the World Bank (IBRD) are discussed, main focus is on the Swedish actors on project level.Kidatu, the first phase of the Great Ruaha power project (constructed between1970-1975), became the first large-scale hydropower station in Tanzania. As such, it paved the way for Tanzanian entrance into the Big Dam Era and significant changes within the Tanzanian landscape. As well as the dry river bed at Kidatu, and the small reservoir that precedes it, the Great Ruaha power project also involved the creation of a huge artificial lake, the Mtera reservoir. The Kidatu hydropower station was the first large undertaking within Swedish bilateral aid, and implied the takeover of control of hydropower construction in Tanzania by Swedish enterprises, replacing the enterprises of the former colonial power. A hydropower plant is a complex technoscientific artefact. The construction of a hydropower plant is preceded by a large number of technological choices, scientific prestudies and estimations of costs and revenues. A hydropower plant is also a complex social creation, and is as such filled with social actors engaged in conflicts, compromises and power structures. The decision to construct Kidatu hydropower station was a result of negotiations and activities within what is called “development assistance”. This brings in yet another dimension, the political one, involving export and import of technology, foreign capital, and foreign influence in decision-making processes, as well as ideas about how to bring development and progress to a people supposed to be living in “poverty and misery”. The study is divided into three main parts. The first part analyses the context of Swedish development assistance in the support to the construction of hydropower plants. This part discusses Swedish state-supported hydropower exploitation of indigenous people’s territory within Sweden’s borders in the 20th century and the background of Swedish development assistance, from the 1950s to the early 1960s. The second part analyses the event of Swedish development assistance entering Tanzania and the Great Ruaha power project, with the main focus being on the period 1965 – 1970. The third part is an analysis of the technoscientific basis for the decisions taken to implement the Great Ruaha hydropower scheme. Main focus is on the period 1969-1974, discussed against the backdrop of precolonial and colonial studies. While focus is on the 1960s and 1970s, in both part two and three events in the 1980s and 1990s are discussed. The study shows that although Sweden was not a colonial power in Tanzania, colonial imagery, and relations to the colonial era, as well as Sweden’s background of internal colonialisation, exerted an influence on the decision-making process and the actors involved in the Great Ruaha power project.The study is mainly based on archival sources, complemented with oral sources from Tanzania and Sweden. Recognizing the complexity of large-scale hydropower and the attempts to control watercourses that large scale hydropower necessitates, in the specific context of decolonisation and development assistance that the decision-making process behind the Great Ruaha hydropower scheme reveals, the analysis of the actors involved is based on feminist and postcolonial perspectives.
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- Mossberg, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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Managerial and organizational challenges encountered in the development of sustainable technology : Analysis of Swedish biorefinery pilot and demonstration plants
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Cleaner Production. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 0959-6526 .- 1879-1786. ; 276
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pilot and demonstration plants (PDPs) perform critical tasks in the development of new sustainable technology by bridging basic knowledge generation and large-scale commercialization. Significant private and public funding has therefore been allocated to PDPs addressing climate change, pollution abatement technology and/or increased resource efficiency. After technology verification, PDPs typically struggle with evolving objectives, and reports of stalled or delayed development are common. Key problems may center on technical difficulties, but challenges of a non-technical nature are equally important, not least for the development of clean technology. This paper draws on a longitudinal case study of four PDPs used for advanced biorefinery technology development in Sweden and delineates the key managerial and organizational challenges that arise in and around such plants. By taking the actor networks around PDPs as the main unit of analysis, this paper gives a detailed description of various challenges, such as the division of responsibility for the operation and ownership of the PDPs, unclear roles and objectives, and the lack of specific competences and resources in the actor networks. One important conclusion is that improved knowledge about such challenges should increase the resilience of actor networks in and around PDPs, and also help shorten the formative phase of developing sustainable technology. © 2020 The Authors
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