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| 2. |
- Carling, Gerd, et al.
(författare)
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Skriftsystem
- 2013
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Ingår i: Språket, människan och världen. - 9789144083391
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 3. |
- Carling, Gerd, et al.
(författare)
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Tankar om språk
- 2013
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Ingår i: Språket, människan och världen : människans språk 1-2. - 9789144083391 ; , s. 299-314
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 4. |
- Holmer, Arthur, et al.
(författare)
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Språk i världen
- 2013
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Ingår i: Språket, människan och världen : människans språk 1-2. - 9789144083391 ; , s. 91-124
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 5. |
- Sapir, Yair, et al.
(författare)
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Gender assignment in six North Scandinavian languages : Patterns of variation and change
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Germanic Linguistics. - : Cambridge University Press. - 1470-5427 .- 1475-3014. ; 33:3, s. 264-315
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study addresses gender assignment in six North Scandinavian varieties with a three-gender system: Old Norse, Norwegian (Nynorsk), Old Swedish, Nysvenska, Jamtlandic, and Elfdalian. Focusing on gender variation and change, we investigate the role of various factors in gender change. Using the contemporary Swedish varieties Jamtlandic and Elfdalian as a basis, we compare gender assignment in other North Scandinavian languages, tracing the evolution back to Old Norse. The data consist of 1,300 concepts from all six languages coded for cognacy, gender, and morphological and semantic variation. Our statistical analysis shows that the most important factors in gender change are the Old Norse weak/strong inflection, Old Norse gender, animate/inanimate distinction, word frequency, and loan status. From Old Norse to modern languages, phonological assignment principles tend to weaken, due to the general loss of word-final endings. Feminine words are more susceptible to changing gender, and the tendency to lose thefeminine is noticeable even in the varieties in our study upholding the three-gender system. Further, frequency is significantly correlated with unstable gender. In semantics, only the animate/inanimate distinction significantly predicts gender assignment and stability. In general, our study confirms the decay of the feminine gender in the Scandinavian branch of Germanic.
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| 6. |
- Johansson, Victoria, et al.
(författare)
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Tala läsa skriva
- 2013
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Ingår i: Johansson, V., Carling, G., & Holmer A. (red.) Språket, människan och världen. Människans språk 1-2.. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144083391 ; , s. 53-72
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 7. |
- Andrén, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Att lära sig språk
- 2013
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Ingår i: Språket, människan och världen : människans språk 1-2 - människans språk 1-2. - Lund : Studentlitteratur AB. - 9789144083391 ; , s. 73-89
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Carling, Gerd, et al.
(författare)
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Inheritability and transmissibility of linguistic and other cultural features : The coevolution of noun categorization and kinship systems
- 2022
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The presentation will focus on the extent to which linguistic and other cultural features are vertically or horizontally transmitted in relation to human population history, and how such processes lead to the coevolution of languages and other cultural traits. Structural features of language may vary in their inherent propensity to become transmitted vertically (by lineage) or horizontally (via contact). As an example, grammatical gender is commonly transmitted within language families (Allassonnière-Tang and Dunn 2020; Carling and Cathcart 2021). The same scenario is present for cultural features: in particular, systems of kinship are strongly inclined towards vertical transmissibility (Guglielmino et al. 1995), and can be reconstructed to earlier states of language families (Fortunato and Jordan 2010; Jordan et al. 2009). We take typological data for 3044 languages worldwide for gender, noun class and classifier systems, which we test for geographic and phylogenetic cohesion. We find that more grammaticalized features, i.e., gender and noun class, are more likely to be transmitted by lineage, whereas classifier systems are more likely to be transmitted by contact. By contrasting to climatological data, we find that it is highly likely that the global patterns of distribution for these systems (gender/noun class and classifiers) are caused by migrations and contact events during the mid-Holocene period (Allassonnière-Tang et al. 2021). In relation to this result, we suspect that the expansion of these linguistic systems by migration may pertain to mid-Holocene change in subsistence systems (i.e., emergence of agricultural systems), which may coevolve with other cultural changes in for instance kinship systems. Preliminary tests of correlation between presence of gender/noun class and cultural features, such as patrilocality and agricultural systems, indicate that this is a likely scenario. We test various models, including mixed models accounting for area and family as random effects. We also conduct a phylogenetic analysis of correlated evolution (Dunn et al. 2011) between the linguistic and cultural features involved in our study.Allassonnière-Tang, Marc and Dunn, Michael (2020), 'The evolutionary trends of grammatical gender in Indo-Aryan languages', Language Dynamics and Change, 11 (2), 211-40.Allassonnière-Tang, Marc, et al. (2021), 'Expansion by migration and diffusion by contact is a source to the global diversity of linguistic nominal categorization systems', Nature Humanities & Social Science - CommunicationsCarling, Gerd and Cathcart, Chundra (2021), 'Reconstructing the evolution of Indo-European grammar', Language 97(3).Dunn, Michael, et al. (2011), 'Evolved structure of language shows lineage-specific trends in word-order universals', Nature, 473 (7345), 79-82.Fortunato, Laura and Jordan, Fiona (2010), 'Your place or mine? A phylogenetic comparative analysis of marital residence in Indo-European and Austronesian societies', Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 365 (1559), 3913-22.Guglielmino, C. R., et al. (1995), 'Cultural Variation in Africa: Role of Mechanisms of Transmission and Adaptation', Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 92 (16), 7585-89.Jordan, Fiona M., et al. (2009), 'Matrilocal residence is ancestral in Austronesian societies', Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 276 (1664), 1957-64.
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| 10. |
- Carling, Gerd, et al.
(författare)
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Scandoromani : Remnants of a mixed language
- 2014
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Bok (refereegranskat)abstract
- Scandoromani: Remnants of a Mixed Language is the first, comprehensive, international description of the language of the Swedish and Norwegian Romano, also labeled resande/reisende. The language, an official minority language in Sweden and Norway, has a history in Scandinavia going back to the early 16th century. A mixed language of Romani and Scandinavian, it is spoken today by a vanishingly small population of mainly elderly people.This book is based on in-depth linguistic interviews with two native speakers of different families (one of whom is the co-author) as well as reviews of earlier sources on Scandoromani. The study reveals a number of interesting features of the language, as well as of mixed languages in general. In particular, the study gives support to the model of autonomy of mixed languages.
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