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Omodernt : Människor och tankar i förmodern tid
- 2009. - 1
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Kan vi idag ha något att lära av de klassiska, medeltida och tidigmoderna kulturerna? Många skulle svara ja på den frågan, men det finns också de som skulle beskriva det förmoderna som irrationellt, traditionsbundet, kollektivistiskt och framför allt otidsenligt. Att behålla kontakten med det förmoderna behöver inte betyda att man bekräftar ett "arv" från det förflutna eller ägnar sig åt återbruk av äldre tiders idéer. Bättre är att omvandla, utveckla eller avveckla tidigare tankar eller kritik kring sociala och estetiska mönster. I antologin Omodernt - Människor och tankar i förmodern tid medverkar elva forskare som representerar en rad humanistiska discipliner. Deras texter berättar på mångfacetterade sätt om idéer och föreställningar, språk och texter från antiken till 1600-talet som är relevanta än idag. De argumenterar för vikten av kunskap om de perioder som ligger före vår moderna tid och ger konkreta exempel på forskning i den andan. Det viktiga är att uppmuntra kommunikation över seklen, viljan att vidga sina egna associationer kring mänskligt handlande, att fördjupa sina insikter om hur människor i historien försökt att hantera sin existentiella och samhälleliga situation. Genom sådana perspektivbyten kan vi i bästa fall få klargörande idéer även om vår egen tid.
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| 2. |
- Dunér, David
(författare)
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Världsmaskinen. Emanuel Swedenborgs naturfilosofi
- 2004
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Swedish natural philosopher Emanuel Swedenborg (1688–1772) thought in his early scientific career that the world was like a gigantic machine, following the laws of mechanics and geometry. The work presented here is a study of his mechanistic worldview and metaphorical way of thinking up to the year 1734, examining most of his fields of interest, from geometry and metaphysics to technology and mining engineering. After that year he left the mechanistic explanations and turned to an organic worldview, and some years later, in 1745, he entered the spiritual world. The study is based on a cognitive view that there are special cognitive abilities, especially metaphorical conceptualization, that cause human beings to think in one way or another. “Space” is an introductory chapter on the concept of space, about his experiences of space gained through optical instruments and his orientation in the intellectual milieu, and of the spatial world with the aid of geometry. “The sign” treats especially some particular sign systems, such as those of arithmetic and algebra, and the classification of the world by categories in number systems, coinage, measures, weights and volumes. “The wave” follows Swedenborg’s use of the metaphor of the wave, not only in such scientific disciplines as hydrology, acoustics, optics and neurology but also in poetry and music. “The sphere” concerns the sphere as the figure of movement, the relationship between technology and science, and analogies, proportions and mental models as important tools for inventing scientific theories, especially in mechanics, physics and chemistry. “The point” has its point of departure in the indivisible point of mathematics. “The spiral” is Swedenborg’s most admired geometrical figure. He wrote about the windings of the spirals in geometry, particle physics, astronomy, and in the nature of the soul. “Infinity” is limited to Swedenborg’s last mechanistic work, De infinito (1734), where he made a strict distinction between the finite and the infinite. “Conclusion” gives an overview of the major themes of his anatomical and physiological studies from the end of the 1730s to 1745, and his spiritual writings to 1772.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Dunér, David, et al.
(författare)
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Great Chain of Being
- 2021
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Ingår i: Encyclopedia of Astrobiology. - Berlin/Heidelberg : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. ; 1:1, s. 1-2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A prevailing idea through the ages is that of the Great Chain of Being, understanding the universe as a hierarchy of beings, an unbroken chain of existence, from the simplest forms to the most complex ones, from non-living matter to the most rational creatures (Lovejoy 1936). In his History of Animals from the fourth century BCE, Aristotle arranged all beings in a ladder of nature, a scala naturae, a gradation of natural things from minerals, through plants and animals, to the human being. The chain of being got biological significance with, among others, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, Carl Linnaeus, Georges-Louis Leclerc de Buffon, and Charles Bonnet. Nature does not make jumps, Natura non-facit saltus, as Carl Linnaeus formulated it in Philosophia Botanica (1751). There is continuity in nature. In that respect, the Great Chain of Being is connected to the Principle of Plenitude, the fullness of being. The principle suggests that every possible form of creature exists. This could also be understood in a temporal sense that every possible form of creature, even though not existing right now, might have existed before or could be realized at some stage in the future. Continuity is an idea implicit in that of plenitude. In the early nineteenth century, this continuity of nature became understood in temporal meaning. Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck went from a static concept of the series of life-forms to a theory of species transformation that life had developed over time from simpler to more complex forms. During the nineteenth century, the Great Chain of Being was replaced by another metaphor, the Tree of Life, which also stressed on the continuity of nature, but took into account the genealogy and evolution of life-forms, as in Lamarck’s Philosophie zoologique (1809) and Darwin’s Origin of Species (1859).
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| 5. |
- Källgren, Karolina Enquist
(författare)
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María Zambrano’s Ontology of Exile : Expressive Subjectivity
- 2019
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Bok (refereegranskat)abstract
- This book analyzes the exile ontology of Spanish philosopher María Zambrano (1904-1991). Karolina Enquist Källgren connects Zambrano’s lived exile and political engagement with the Spanish Civil War to her poetic reason, and argues that Zambrano developed a theory of expressive subjectivity that combined embodiment with the expressive creativity of the human mind. The analysis of recurring literary figures and concepts—such as new materialism, the confession, image, the ruin, the heart, and awakening— show how a comprehensive argument runs as a thread through her works. Further, this book situates Zambrano’s thought in a larger European philosophical context by showing how Zambrano’s poetic reason was directly related to her unconventional exile readings of Martin Heidegger, Aristotle, Immanuel Kant, and Xavier Zubiri, among others.
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| 6. |
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The Ethos of History : Time and Responsibility
- 2018
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- At a time when rapidly evolving technologies, political turmoil, and the tensions inherent in multiculturalism and globalization are reshaping historical consciousness, what is the proper role for historians and their work? By way of an answer, the contributors to this volume offer up an illuminating collective meditation on the idea of ethos and its relevance for historical practice. These intellectually adventurous essays demonstrate how ethos—a term evoking a society’s “fundamental character” as well as an ethical appeal to knowledge and commitment—can serve as a conceptual lodestar for history today, not only as a narrative, but as a form of consciousness and an ethical-political orientation.
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| 7. |
- Lundell, Patrik, 1969-
(författare)
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Pressen i provinsen : Från medborgerliga samtal till modern opinionsbildning 1750–1850
- 2002
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Att vara kritisk till våra dagars medier är en självklarhet, medan 1800-talets presspionjärer däremot har fått behålla hjältestatusen. I "Pressen i provinsen" tecknas den moderna pressens genombrott dock som en utdragen och långtifrån entydig process. Från att på 1700-talet ha varit arenor där alla hade rätten att delta i det upplysta samtalet, blev tidningarna under början av 1800-talet gradvis opinionsorgan styrda av tämligen enväldiga utgivare. Allt mer professionella tidningsmakare formade och tog makten över mediet - och språket. Begrepp som opinion, press, publicist och redaktör fick då de betydelser vi idag tar för givna. "Pressen i provinsen" bygger på ett omfattande källmaterial och slår ett slag för regional idéhistoria och för studiet av landsortspressen. Denna värld får färg och konturer genom personer som den energiske nyhetskrämaren Didric Gabriel Björn, den fantasiefulle martyren Jacob Philip Tollstorp och den konservative kapitalisten John Swartz. En mängd sedan länge bortglömda stridskrifter och tidningar kastar nytt - och inte alltid så fördelaktigt - ljus även över våra etablerade hjältar i huvudstaden.
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| 8. |
- Dunér, David, et al.
(författare)
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Copernican Principle
- 2021
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Ingår i: Encyclopedia of Astrobiology. - Berlin/Heidelberg : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. ; 1:1, s. 1-3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Copernican principle states that Earth has not any privileged position in the universe. In astrobiological terms, it means that terrestrial life, including the human beings, has not any particularly privileged, special, or unique position in the universe, which leads to the assumption that, given the presence of life on Earth, life will exist also in other places in the universe.
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| 9. |
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History of Intellectual Culture : International Yearbook of Knowledge and Society
- 2022
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- With concepts of participation discussed in multiple disciplines from media studies to anthropology, from political sciences to sociology, the first issue of the new yearbook History of Intellectual Culture (HIC) dedicates a thematic section to the way knowledge can and arguably must be conceptualized as "participatory".Introducing and exploring "participatory knowledge", the volume aims to draw attention to the potential of looking at knowledge formation and circulation through a new lens and to open a dialogue about how and what concepts and theories of participation can contribute to the history of knowledge. By asking who gets to participate in defining what counts as knowledge and in deciding whose knowledge is circulated, modes of participation enter into the examination of knowledge on various levels and within multiple cultural contexts.The articles in this volume attest to the great variety of approaches, contexts, and interpretations of "participatory knowledge", from the sociological projects of the Frankfurt School to the Uppsala-based Institute for Race Biology, from the Argentinian National Folklore Survey to current hashtag activism and Covid-19-archive projects. HIC sees knowledge as rooted in social and political structures, determined by modes of transfer and produced in collaborative processes. The notion of "participatory knowledge" highlights in a compelling way how knowledge is rooted in cultural practices and social configurations.
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| 10. |
- Östling, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Public Arenas of the Humanities : The Circulation of Knowledge in the Postwar Period
- 2022
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Ingår i: The Humanities and the Modern Politics of Knowledge : The Impact and Organization of the Humanities in Sweden, 1800–2020 - The Impact and Organization of the Humanities in Sweden, 1800–2020. - Amsterdam : Amsterdam University Press. - 9789463728867 - 9789048555024 ; , s. 155-178
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this chapter is to demonstrate how a new history of thepostwar humanities could be written. Drawing on approaches from thehistory of knowledge, it outlines the conditions of the circulation ofknowledge in the public sphere during the 1960s and 1970s. By introducing“public arena of knowledge” as an analytical concept, the authors highlightcertain media platforms where circulation of knowledge occurred. As theirempirical examples, they focus on paperback series and the Christianpublic sphere. All in all, the chapter underlines the importance of thehumanities for a wider circulation of knowledge and thereby challengesa crisis narrative of the humanities of the postwar period that is prevalentin established historiography.
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