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| 2. |
- Ding, Bao-Jian, et al.
(författare)
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A plant factory for moth pheromone production
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 5, s. 1-3353
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Moths depend on pheromone communication for mate finding and synthetic pheromones are used for monitoring or disruption of pheromone communication in pest insects. Here we produce moth sex pheromone, using Nicotiana benthamiana as a plant factory, by transient expression of up to four genes coding for consecutive biosynthetic steps. We specifically produce multicomponent sex pheromones for two species. The fatty alcohol fractions from the genetically modified plants are acetylated to mimic the respective sex pheromones of the small ermine moths Yponomeuta evonymella and Y. padella. These mixtures are very efficient and specific for trapping of male moths, matching the activity of conventionally produced pheromones. Our long-term vision is to design tailor-made production of any moth pheromone component in genetically modified plants. Such semisynthetic preparation of sex pheromones is a novel and cost-effective way of producing moderate to large quantities of pheromones with high purity and a minimum of hazardous waste.
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| 3. |
- Guan, Rui, et al.
(författare)
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Bottlenecks in erucic acid accumulation in genetically engineered ultrahigh erucic acid Crambe abyssinica
- 2014
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Ingår i: Plant Biotechnology Journal. - : Wiley. - 1467-7644 .- 1467-7652. ; 12, s. 193-203
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Erucic acid is a valuable industrial fatty acid with many applications. The main producers of this acid are today high erucic rapeseed (Brassica napus) and mustard (Brassica juncea), which have 45%-50% of erucic acid in their seed oils. Crambe abyssinica is an alternative promising producer of this acid as it has 55%-60% of erucic acid in its oil. Through genetic modification (GM) of three genes, we have previously increased the level of erucic acid to 71% (68mol%) in Crambe seed oil. In this study, we further investigated different aspects of oil biosynthesis in the developing GM Crambe seeds in comparison with wild-type (Wt) Crambe, rapeseed and safflower (Carthamus tinctorius). We show that Crambe seeds have very low phosphatidylcholine-diacylglycerol interconversion, suggesting it to be the main reason why erucic acid is limited in the membrane lipids during oil biosynthesis. We further show that GM Crambe seeds have slower seed development than Wt, accompanied by slower oil accumulation during the first 20days after flowering (DAF). Despite low accumulation of erucic acid during early stages of GM seed development, nearly 86mol% of all fatty acids accumulated between 27 and 50 DAF was erucic acid, when 40% of the total oil is laid down. Likely bottlenecks in the accumulation of erucic acid during early stages of GM Crambe seed development are discussed.
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| 4. |
- Lager, Ida, et al.
(författare)
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Acyltransferases Regulate Oil Quality in Camelina sativa Through Both Acyl Donor and Acyl Acceptor Specificities
- 2020
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Plant Science. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-462X. ; 11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Camelina sativais an emerging biotechnology oil crop. However, more information is needed regarding its innate lipid enzyme specificities. We have therefore characterized several triacylglycerol (TAG) producing enzymes by measuringin vitrosubstrate specificities using different combinations of acyl-acceptors (diacylglycerol, DAG) and donors. Specifically,C. sativaacyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) 1 and 2 (which both use acyl-CoA as acyl donor) and phospholipid:diacylglycerol acyltransferase (PDAT, with phosphatidylcoline as acyl donor) were studied. The results show that the DGAT1 and DGAT2 specificities are complementary, with DGAT2 exhibiting a high specificity for acyl acceptors containing only polyunsaturated fatty acids (FAs), whereas DGAT1 prefers acyl donors with saturated and monounsaturated FAs. Furthermore, the combination of substrates that resulted in the highest activity for DGAT2, but very low activity for DGAT1, corresponds to TAG species previously shown to increase inC. sativaseeds with downregulated DGAT1. Similarly, the combinations of substrates that gave the highest PDAT1 activity were also those that produce the two TAG species (54:7 and 54:8 TAG) with the highest increase in PDAT overexpressingC. sativaseeds. Thus, thein vitrodata correlate well with the changes in the overall fatty acid profile and TAG species inC. sativaseeds with altered DGAT1 and PDAT activity. Additionally,in vitrostudies ofC. sativaphosphatidycholine:diacylglycerol cholinephosphotransferase (PDCT), another activity involved in TAG biosynthesis, revealed that PDCT accepts substrates with different desaturation levels. Furthermore, PDCT was unable to use DAG with ricineoleyl groups, and the presence of this substrate also inhibited PDCT from using other DAG-moieties. This gives insights relating to previousin vivostudies regarding this enzyme.
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| 5. |
- Marmon, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
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Two Acyltransferases Contribute Differently to Linolenic Acid Levels in Seed Oil
- 2017
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Ingår i: Plant Physiology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0032-0889 .- 1532-2548. ; 173, s. 2081-2095
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Acyltransferases are key contributors to triacylglycerol (TAG) synthesis and, thus, are of great importance for seed oil quality. The effects of increased or decreased expression of ACYL-COENZYME A: DIACYLGLYCEROL ACYLTRANSFERASE1 (DGAT1) or PHOSPHOLIPID: DIACYLGLYCEROL ACYLTRANSFERASE (PDAT) on seed lipid composition were assessed in several Camelina sativa lines. Furthermore, in vitro assays of acyltransferases in microsomal fractions prepared from developing seeds of some of these lines were performed. Decreased expression of DGAT1 led to an increased percentage of 18: 3n-3 without any change in total lipid content of the seed. The tri-18: 3 TAG increase occurred predominantly in the cotyledon, as determined with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry, whereas species with two 18: 3n-3 acyl groups were elevated in both cotyledon and embryonal axis. PDAT overexpression led to a relative increase of 18: 2n-6 at the expense of 18: 3n-3, also without affecting the total lipid content. Differential distributions of TAG species also were observed in different parts of the seed. The microsomal assays revealed that C. sativa seeds have very high activity of diacylglycerol-phosphatidylcholine interconversion. The combination of analytical and biochemical data suggests that the higher 18: 2n-6 content in the seed oil of the PDAT overexpressors is due to the channeling of fatty acids from phosphatidylcholine into TAG before being desaturated to 18: 3n-3, caused by the high activity of PDAT in general and by PDAT specificity for 18: 2n-6. The higher levels of 18: 3n-3 in DGAT1-silencing lines are likely due to the compensatory activity of a TAG-synthesizing enzyme with specificity for this acyl group and more desaturation of acyl groups occurring on phosphatidylcholine.
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| 6. |
- Aslan, Selcuk, et al.
(författare)
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Wax esters of different compositions produced via engineering of leaf chloroplast metabolism in Nicotiana benthamiana
- 2014
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Ingår i: Metabolic Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 1096-7176 .- 1096-7184. ; 25, s. 103-112
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a future bin based economy, renewable sources for lipid compounds at attractive cost are needed for applications where today petrochemical derivatives are dominating. Wax esters and fatty alcohols provide diverse industrial uses, such as in lubricant and surfactant production. In this study, chloroplast metabolism was engineered to divert intermediates from de nova fatty acid biosynthesis to wax ester synthesis. To accomplish this, chloroplast targeted fatty acyl recluctases (EAR) and wax ester synthases (WS) were transiently expressed in Nic"onana benthamiuna loaves. Wax esters of different qualities and quantities were produced providing insights to the properties and interaction of the individual enzymes used. In particular, a phytyl ester synthase was found to be a premium candidate for medium chain wax ester synthesis. Catalytic activities of FAR and WS were also expressed as a fusion protein and determined functionally equivalent to the expression of individual enzymes for wax ester synthesis in chloroplasts. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. On behalf of International Metabolic Engineering Society.
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| 7. |
- Bozhkov, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Transcriptional stimulation of autophagy improves plant fitness
- 2017
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Patent (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The present invention provides to a method for enhancing the productivity of a plant by genetically modifying the genome of the plant to over-express at least one autophagy-related (ATG) protein selected from the group consisting of ATG5 and ATG7. The invention further provides a genetically modified plant characterized by over-expression of least one autophagy related (ATG) protein selected from the group consisting of ATG5 and ATG7.Additionally the use of a transgene encoding atleast one autophagy related (ATG) protein selected from the group consisting of ATG5 and ATG7for enhancing the productivity of a plantis disclosed.
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| 8. |
- Eriksson, Dennis, et al.
(författare)
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The slippery slope of cisgenesis
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nature Biotechnology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1087-0156 .- 1546-1696. ; 32, s. 727-727
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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