| 1. |
- Wennergren, Göran, 1947, et al.
(författare)
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Farmakologisk behandling vid astma
- 2009
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Ingår i: Hedlin G, Larsson K: Allergi och Astma. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144029962 ; , s. 241-62
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 2. |
- Shimizu, T, et al.
(författare)
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Inhibitory effects of theophylline, terbutaline, and hydrocortisone on leukotriene B4 and C4 generation by human leukocytes in vitro.
- 1994
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Ingår i: Pediatric pulmonology. - 8755-6863. ; 18:3, s. 129-34
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and leukotriene C4 (LTC4) are considered to be important mediators in the pathophysiology of asthma. Theophylline, terbutaline, and hydrocortisone are drugs commonly used in the treatment of asthma. In the present study we have investigated the in vitro inhibitory effects of theophylline, terbutaline, and hydrocortisone on LTB4 and LTC4 generation from human leukocytes. After preincubation in the presence of these drugs, the cells were stimulated with the calcium ionophore A 23187 and the supernatants were analyzed for their LTB4 and LTC4 content using reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Total leukotriene (LT) production (the combined amounts of LTB4 and LTC4) was dose-dependently inhibited by pretreatment with theophylline, terbutaline or hydrocortisone. Therapeutic levels of hydrocortisone (5 x 10(-6) M) plus theophylline (5 x 10(-5) M) inhibited LTB4 and LTC4 production in an additive way, as did the combination of hydrocortisone plus terbutaline (5 x 10(-8) M). A statistically significant effect of diminished LTB4 generation was obtained after preincubation with therapeutic levels of theophylline plus terbutaline, but no such effect was seen for LTC4 levels. The in vitro inhibitory effects on LTB4 and LTC4 generation from human leukocytes by theophylline, terbutaline, and hydrocortisone, as well as the additive effect of hydrocortisone plus theophylline or terbutaline, add to our understanding of the therapeutic effects of these drugs in the treatment of bronchopulmonary obstruction.
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| 3. |
- Keen, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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Low levels of exhaled nitric oxide are associated with impaired lung function in cystic fibrosis.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Pediatric pulmonology. - : Wiley. - 1099-0496 .- 8755-6863. ; 45:3, s. 241-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) is often reduced in cystic fibrosis (CF). FENO at different expiratory flows can provide an indication of the site of nitric oxide production. The aim of this study was to examine whether NO parameters are related to overall (FEV(1)) or peripheral (lung clearance index, LCI, measured by multiple breath SF(6) washout) airway function and systemic inflammation in CF. Secondary aim was to compare alveolar NO and bronchial NO flux calculated by two different mathematical models, a linear and a nonlinear method. Thirty-five healthy and 45 CF children were recruited. FENO at 50 ml/sec (FENO(50)) and bronchial NO flux were lower in CF than controls, 9.5 (2.7-38.8) (median (range)) versus 12.4 (5.2-40.1) ppb, P = 0.029, and 391 (97-1772) versus 578 (123-1993) (pl/sec), P = 0.036, respectively. No difference in alveolar NO was shown. The nonlinear method resulted in lower alveolar NO and higher bronchial flux, than the linear method, but the result was closely correlated in both groups. LCI was higher in CF than controls, 8.4 (6.5-12.9) versus 5.9 (5.1-7.8), P < 0.001. FENO(50) was negatively correlated with LCI (r = -0.43; P = 0.003) and positively correlated with FEV(1) (r = 0.42, P = 0.004) in CF. Alveolar NO correlated negatively with inflammatory markers: orosomucoid (r = -0.42, P = 0.005), platelets (r = -0.50, P < 0.001) and white blood cell count (r = -0.48, P = 0.001). In conclusion, FENO(50) and bronchial NO flux are reduced in young CF subjects and low FENO(50) is associated with overall and small airway obstruction. NO parameters derived from the different models were closely related but the values differed slightly.
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| 4. |
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| 7. |
- Lagercrantz, H., et al.
(författare)
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Plötslig spädbarnsdöd och livlöshetsattack.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Akut pediatrik; Larsson, Lindquist B, Norgren S.. - Stockholm : Liber. - 914705221X ; , s. 158-62
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 8. |
- Johansson, S., et al.
(författare)
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Low levels of CC16 in nasal fluid of children with birch pollen-induced rhinitis
- 2005
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Ingår i: Allergy. - : Wiley. - 0105-4538 .- 1398-9995. ; 60:5, s. 638-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Clara cell protein 16 (CC16; secretoglobin 1A1) is an anti-inflammatory protein mainly expressed in the epithelial cells in the airways. OBJECTIVE: To compare the levels of CC16 in nasal lavage (NAL) from children with intermittent allergic rhinitis and healthy controls and to study the effect of a local steroid. METHODS: Thirty schoolchildren with birch pollen allergy and 30 healthy controls from the same schools were included in the study. The NAL fluid was collected before the season, during the birch pollen season and, for the patients, after 1 week of treatment with a local steroid. Symptom scores were obtained on every occasion. CC16 and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) were analyzed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: The nasal fluid levels of CC16 were significantly lower in patients than in controls, before and during pollen season. Before the season, the median CC16 concentrations were 9.1 (range 1.1-117) microg/l in patients and 25.7 (6.1-110.2) microg/l in controls. During the season, the median CC16 concentrations in nasal fluid were 12.9 (2.3-89.7) microg/l in the allergic children and 22.0 (9.5-90.1) microg/l in the healthy controls (P = 0.0005). Symptom scores, nasal fluid eosinophils and ECP were higher in patients during the season. Treatment with a local steroid did not change the CC16 levels. CONCLUSIONS: Nasal fluid CC16 levels were lower in children with birch pollen-induced allergic rhinitis than in healthy controls both before and during the pollen season. We speculate that reduction in anti-inflammatory activity by CC16 may contribute to the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis.
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| 9. |
- Lødrup Carlsen, K C, et al.
(författare)
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Assessment of problematic severe asthma in children.
- 2011
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Ingår i: The European respiratory journal : official journal of the European Society for Clinical Respiratory Physiology. - : European Respiratory Society (ERS). - 1399-3003 .- 0903-1936. ; 37:2, s. 432-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Assessment of problematic severe asthma in children should be performed in a step-wise manner to ensure an optimal approach. A four-step assessment scheme is proposed. First, a full diagnostic work-up is performed to exclude other diseases which mimic asthma. Secondly, a multi-disciplinary assessment is performed to identify issues that may need attention, including comorbidities. Thirdly, the pattern of inflammation is assessed, and finally steroid responsiveness is documented. Based upon these four steps an optimal individualised treatment plan is developed. In this article the many gaps in our current knowledge in all these steps are highlighted, and recommendations for current clinical practice and future research are made. The lack of good data and the heterogeneity of problematic severe asthma still limit our ability to optimise the management on an individual basis in this small, but challenging group of patients.
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| 10. |
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