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- Lundälv, Jörgen, 1966
(författare)
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Knallepulver, sockerbitar och mjältbrand. Mystiska budskap från knallar, baroner och misstänkta terrorister
- 2002
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Ingår i: Svensk etnologisk tidskrift (Kulturella Perspektiv). - 1102-7908. ; 11:2, s. 2-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Concepts such as horror, threat and anxiety have become important in media history and in the risk society. This study deals with arsenic poisoning, anthrax attacks and trading with poision in the old and the modern society. Terrorism has developed in society and affects indivuals´life and welfare. Terrorism has also become a part of the media coverage and crisis journalism. The horror of poisoning is a part of history and will continue to be constructed as leading prime time news in the future.
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- Helldén, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Death delusion. : Cotard's syndrome as an adverse drug reaction to (val-)aciclovir
- 2007
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Ingår i: BMJ (Clinical research ed.). - 1468-5833. ; 335:7633
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report two cases of Cotard’s syndrome that occurred as an adverse drug reaction to aciclovir and its prodrug valaciclovir. In the 1880s Jules Cotard first described his eponymous syndrome, a rare psychiatric condition with strong delusions of being dead. Aciclovir or valaciclovir may cause neuropsychiatric side effects such as confusion, somnolence, and hallucinations, mainly in patients with impaired renal function. To our knowledge, Cotard’s syndrome has never been reported as a suspected adverse drug reaction but associated with severe somatic stress as well as general and localised cerebral pathologies. Our findings add adverse response to an antiviral drug as another cause and provide clues to the syndrome’s possible neuropsychiatric origin. Clinicians should be aware of the association between body scheme disturbances and (val)aciclovir. Affected patients with Cotard’s syndrome and renal failure should preferably be sent to the dialysis unit, not to the department of psychiatry.
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- Gustavsson, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Novel drug candidates targeting Alzheimers disease : ethical challenges with identifying the relevant patient population
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Medical Ethics. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 0306-6800 .- 1473-4257. ; 47:9, s. 608-614
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Intensive research is carried out to develop a disease-modifying drug for Alzheimers disease (AD). The development of drug candidates that reduce Ass or tau in the brain seems particularly promising. However, these drugs target people at risk for AD, who must be identified before they have any, or only moderate, symptoms associated with the disease. There are different strategies that may be used to identify these individuals (eg, population screening, cascade screening, etc). Each of these strategies raises different ethical challenges. In this paper, we analyse these challenges in relation to the risk stratification for AD necessary for using these drugs. We conclude that the new drugs must generate large health benefits for people at risk of developing AD to justify the ethical costs associated with current risk stratification methods, benefits much larger than current drug candidates have. This conclusion raises a new set of ethical questions that should be further discussed.
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- Pålsson, Erik, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Noise benefit in prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle reflex
- 2011
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Ingår i: Psychopharmacology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0033-3158 .- 1432-2072. ; 214:3, s. 675-685
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Under some conditions, external sensory noise enhances cognitive functions, a phenomenon possibly involving stochastic resonance and/or enhanced central dopamine transmission. Prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the startle reflex is a robust measure of sensorimotor gating and can be modulated by activity in the cortex and basal ganglia, including the central dopamine pathways. Previous empirical studies suggest a differential effect of acoustic noise in normal children and children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This study investigated the effect of acoustic noise on PPI and if dopamine transmission interacts with acoustic noise effects in a rat ADHD model. The effect of background acoustic noise on acoustic startle response and PPI were measured with a constant prepulse to background noise ratio of 9 dB(A). Spontaneously hypertensive (SH) rats were used as the ADHD model and compared with Wistar and Sprague-Dawley rats. Microdialysis, methylphenidate treatment and 6-OHDA lesions were used to investigate interaction with dopamine transmission. Background noise facilitated PPI differently in SH rats and controls. The prefrontal cortex in SH rats had low basal dopamine concentrations, a high DOPAC/dopamine ratio and blunted dopamine release during PPI testing. Methylphenidate had small, but strain-specific, effects on startle and PPI. Bilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesions did not alter startle or PPI. Prefrontal dopamine transmission is altered in SH rats during the sensorimotor gating task of PPI of the acoustic startle, indicating increased dopamine reuptake in this ADHD rat model. We propose that noise benefit could be explored as a non-pharmacological alternative for treating neuropsychiatric disorders.
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- Wennergren, Göran, 1947
(författare)
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Astmabehandlingens historia
- 2023
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Ingår i: Lung & Allergiforum. - 2000-5237 .- 2001-8177. ; :4, s. 28-29
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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- Weckerle, Caroline S., et al.
(författare)
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Recommended standards for conducting and reporting ethnopharmacological field studies
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Ethnopharmacology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-8741 .- 1872-7573. ; 210, s. 125-132
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ethnopharmacological relevance: What are the minimum methodological and conceptual requirements for an ethnopharmacological field study? How can the results of ethnopharmacological field studies be reported so that researchers with different backgrounds can draw on the results and develop new research questions and projects? And how should these field data be presented to get accepted in a scientific journal such as the Journal of Ethnopharmacology? The objective of this commentary is to create a reference that covers the basic standards necessary during planning, conducting and reporting of field research.Materials and methods: We focus on conducting and reporting ethnopharmacological field studies on medicinal plants or materia medico and associated knowledge of a specific people or region. The article highlights the most frequent problems and pitfalls, and draws on published literature, fieldwork experience, and extensive insights from peer-review of field studies.Results: Research needs to be ethical and legal, and follow local and national regulations. Primary ethnopharmacological field data need to be collected and presented in a transparent and comprehensible way. In short this includes: 1) Relevant and concise research questions, 2) Thorough literature study encompassing all available information on the study site from different disciplines, 3) Appropriate methods to answer the research questions, 4) Proper plant use documentation, unambiguously linked to voucher specimens, and 5) Qualitative and quantitative analyses of the collected data, the latter relying on use-reports as basic units.Conclusion: Although not exhaustive, we provide an overview of the necessary main issues to consider for field research and data reporting including a list of minimal standards and recommendations for best practices. For methodological details and how to correctly apply specific methods, we refer to further reading of suggested textbooks and methods manuals.
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- Sandin, Per
(författare)
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The ethics of hormesis - no fuss?
- 2008
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Ingår i: Human and Experimental Toxicology. - : SAGE Publications. - 0960-3271 .- 1477-0903. ; 27:8, s. 643-646
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It has been argued that the phenomenon of hormesis should prompt us to revise current regulatory policy in order to take beneficial effects of small doses of various agents into account. I argue that three problems - the comparative smallness of hormetic effects, the fine-tuning problem, and the problem of aggregated actions - should lead us not to overemphasize the importance of hormesis for policy, and that they, if anything, points towards a non-consequentialist approach to the ethics of risk.
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