| 1. |
- Ryman Augustsson, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
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Injuries and preventive actions in elite Swedish volleyball.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports. - : Wiley. - 0905-7188 .- 1600-0838. ; 16:6, s. 433-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of injury and the extent of preventive actions in elite Swedish volleyball players. Injuries to players in the elite male and female Swedish division, during the 2002-2003 season, were registered by using a questionnaire. Of the 158 volleyball players (70% response rate), a total of 82 players (52%) reported 121 injuries, during a total exposure time of 24 632 h, representing an overall incidence of 0.77 injuries per player. The majority of the injuries were located in the ankle (23%), followed by the knee (18%) and the back (15%). Most injuries (62%) were classified as being of minor severity. Most injuries occurred during training (47%), and 41% of the injuries had a gradual onset. Fifty-four percent of the injuries that could be related to a specific court situation occurred during blocking, and 30% during spiking. Most players (96%) participated in injury prevention training of some kind, generally performed without supervision (58%). Although most players took part in some kind of preventive action, one out of two players incurred an injury during the season, which indicates that the risk of suffering an injury in elite volleyball is relatively high.
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| 2. |
- Onell, Clara, et al.
(författare)
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Dietary habits in adolescent male and female handball players : the Swedish Handball Cohort
- 2023
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Ingår i: BMJ Open sport & exercise medicine. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2055-7647. ; 9:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectivesThis cross-sectional study aimed to describe dietary habits in Swedish adolescent handball players and differences with respect to sex and school grade.MethodsParticipants in the Swedish Handball Cohort answered a web-survey assessing adherence to sports nutrition recommendations for meal frequency and meal timing, and the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations (NNR) for fruits/vegetables and fish/seafood, food exclusions and use of dietary supplements. Differences with respect to sex and school grade were estimated with generalised linear models, generating prevalence ratios (PR) with 95% CIs.ResultsA total of 1040 participants (16.6 +/- 0.9 years, 51% males) were included. Overall, 70% and 90%, respectively, met recommendations for meal frequency and meal timing, whereas adherence to recommended carbohydrate intake during training/game was met by 17%. Adherence to the NNR for fruits/vegetables and fish/seafood was met by 16% and 37%, respectively. Twenty-eight per cent reported using dietary supplements. Females reported lower frequency of meals, especially morning snacks (-0.6 days/week (95% CI -0.3 to -0.9)) and evening snacks (-0.8 days/week (95% CI -0.5 to -1.1)), higher prevalence of exclusions due to intolerances (PR 1.66 (95% CI 1.31 to 2.01)) and other reasons (PR 1.36 (95% CI 1.08 to 1.64)), higher adherence to the NNR for fruits/vegetables (PR 2.30 (95% CI 1.98 to 2.62)) and use of micronutrient supplements (PR 1.72 (95% CI 1.43 to 2.00)) compared with males. Only small differences were observed between school grades.ConclusionsSwedish adolescent handball players' dietary habits are fairly in accordance with sports nutrition recommendations but not the NNR. Females appear to display more restrictive habits than males.
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| 3. |
- Ekstedt, Mirjam, et al.
(författare)
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Sleep, physical activity and BMI in six to ten-year-old children measured by accelerometry: a cross-sectional study.
- 2013
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Ingår i: International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1479-5868. ; 22:10, s. 82-89
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND:The aim of this study is to describe the relationship between objective measures of sleep, physical activity and BMI in Swedish pre-adolescents. The day-to-day association between physical activity and sleep quality as well as week-day and weekend pattern of sleep is also described.METHOD:We conducted a cross sectional study consisted of a cohort of 1.231 children aged six to ten years within the Stockholm county area. Sleep and physical activity were measured by accelerometry during seven consecutive days. Outcome measures are total sleep time, sleep efficiency, sleep start and sleep end; physical activity intensity divided into: sedentary (<1.5 METS), light (1.5 to 3 METS) and moderate-to-vigorous (> 3 METS); and Body Mass Index standard deviations score, BMIsds.RESULTS:Total sleep time decreased with increasing age, and was shorter in boys than girls on both weekdays and weekends. Late bedtime but consistent wake-up time during weekends made total sleep time shorter on weekends than on weekdays. Day-to-day within-subject analysis revealed that moderate-to-vigorous intense physical activity promoted an increased sleep efficiency the following night (CI < 0.001 to 0.047), while total sleep time was not affected (CI -0.003 to 0.043). Neither sleep duration (CI -0.024 to 0.022) nor sleep efficiency (CI -0.019 to 0.028) affected mean physical activity level the subsequent day. The between-subject analysis indicates that the sleep of children characterized by high moderate-to-vigorous physical activity during the day was frequently interrupted (SE = -.23, P < .01). A negative association between BMIsds and sleep duration was found (-.10, p < .01).CONCLUSIONS:Short sleep duration was associated with high BMI in six to ten year old children. This study underscores the importance of consistent bedtimes throughout the week for promoting sleep duration in preadolescents. Furthermore, this study suggests that a large proportion of intensive physical activity during the day might promote good sleep quality.
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| 4. |
- Blixt Wojciechowski, Anita, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term survival and glial differentiation of the brain-derived precursor cell line RN33B after subretinal transplantation to adult normal rats
- 2002
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Ingår i: Stem Cells. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1549-4918 .- 1066-5099. ; 20:2, s. 163-173
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The potential use of in vitro-expanded precursor cells or cell lines in repair includes transplantation of such cells for cell replacement purposes and the activation of host cells to provide "self-repair." Recently, we have reported that cells from the brain-derived cell line RN33B (derived from the embryonic rat medullary raphe and immortalized through retroviral transduction of the temperature-sensitive mutant of the simian virus 40 ([SV40] large T-antigen) survive for at least 4 weeks, integrate, and differentiate after subretinal grafting to normal adult rats. Here, we demonstrate that grafts of these cells survive for at least 4 months after subretinal transplantation to adult, normal immunosuppressed rats. Implanted cells integrate into the retinal pigment epithelium and the inner retinal layers, and the anterior part of the optic nerve. In addition, the RN33B cells migrate within the retina, occupying the whole retina from one eccentricity to the other. A large fraction of the grafted cells differentiate into glial cells, as shown by double labeling of the reporter genes LacZ or green fluorescent protein, and several glial markers, including oligodendrocytes. However, the cells did not differentiate into retinal neurons, judging from their lack of expression of retinal neuronal phenotypic markers. A significant number of the implanted cells in the host retina were in a proliferative stage, judging from proliferative cell nuclear antigen and SV40 large T-antigen immunohistochemistry. To conclude, the cells survived, integrated, and migrated over long distances within the host. Therefore, our results may be advantageous for future design of therapeutic strategies, since such cells may have the potential of being a source of, for example, growth factor delivery in experimental models of retinal degeneration.
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| 5. |
- Oreland, Sadia, et al.
(författare)
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Short- and long-term consequences of different early environmental conditions on central immunoreactive oxytocin and arginine vasopressin levels in male rats
- 2010
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Ingår i: Neuropeptides. - : Elsevier BV. - 0143-4179 .- 1532-2785. ; 44:5, s. 391-398
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Numerous studies have provided evidence for an important role for the neuropeptides oxytocin (OT) and arginine vasopressin (AVP) in establishment of social behaviour early in life, such as mother-pup interactions. However, there are few reports examining the consequences of early-life experiences on OT and AVP in male offspring. We have used the maternal separation (MS) model to study the effect of different early environmental conditions in rats. The purpose was to study OT and AVP in rats subjected to prolonged daily MS (360 min, MS360), short daily MS (15 min, MS15) and conventional animal facility rearing (AFR) during postnatal days 1-21. In addition, the influence of the presence or absence of littermates during MS, i.e. litter-wise (l) or individual (i) MS, was assessed. The immunoreactive (ir) peptide levels were measured in the hypothalamus, amygdala and pituitary gland of 3 and 10 weeks old male rats. Assessment in 3-week-old rats revealed that MS15 was associated with low ir OT levels in the hypothalamus and amygdala and high levels in the pituitary gland compared with the MS360 and AFR condition. In the amygdala, differences between groups were also detected in adulthood. MS studies commonly use either MS15 or AFR as a control for prolonged MS. The present results show differences in MS360 rats as compared to MS15 but not AFR rats. Consequently, comparisons between prolonged MS with either short periods of MS or AFR will generate divergent results, hence, making the outcome of MS difficult to compare between studies. Moreover, the different early environments had no effect on ir AVP levels. In conclusion, OT in the amygdala was most sensitive to MS. Besides both short- and long-term consequences, distinct effects were seen after litter and individual separation, respectively. We propose that environmentally induced alterations in OT transmission due to disrupted mother-pup interactions early in life may cause altered susceptibility to challenges later in life.
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| 6. |
- Hebert-Losier, K., et al.
(författare)
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Updated reliability and normative values for the standing heel-rise test in healthy adults
- 2017
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Ingår i: Physiotherapy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0031-9406 .- 1873-1465. ; 103:4, s. 446-452
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives The heel-rise test is used to assess the strength and endurance of the plantar flexors in everyday clinical practice. However, several factors may affect outcomes, including sex, age, body mass index and activity level. The aims of this study were to revisit the reliability and normative values of this test, and establish normative equations accounting for several factors. Interventions Subjects performed single-legged heel rises to fatigue, standing on a 10 degrees incline, once on each leg. A subset of subjects (n = 32) repeated the test 1 week later. Reliability was quantified using intraclass (ICC) correlation coefficients and BlandAltman plots {mean difference [95% limits of agreement (LOA)]}, whereas the impact of sex, age, body mass index and activity level on the number of heel rises was determined using non-parametric regression models. Results The test showed excellent reliability (ICC = 1.0 right leg, 1.0 left leg), with mean between-day differences in the total number of heel-rise repetitions of 0.2 (95% LOA -6.2 to 6.5) and 0.1 (95% LOA -6.1 to 6.2) for right and left legs, respectively. Overall, males completed more repetitions than females (median 24 vs 21). However, older females (age >60 years) outperformed older males. According to the model, younger males with higher activity levels can complete the most heel rises. Conclusions The heel-rise test is highly reliable. The regression models herein can be employed by clinicians to evaluate the outcomes of heel-rise tests of individuals against a comparable normative population.
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| 7. |
- Sinclair, Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
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Differences in Pes Planus and Pes Cavus subtalar eversion/inversion before and after prolonged running, using a two-dimensional digital analysis
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation. - : Korean Society of Exercise Rehabilitation. - 2288-176X .- 2288-1778. ; 13:2, s. 232-239
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In sports, there is a constant discussion about the hyper-pronation and supination of the foot during loading and its relation to injuries or discomfort. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the possible differences in the subtalar joint in the midstance phase of running, between individuals with Pes Planus and Pes Cavus, after 5 min and 45 min of running. Thirty-four subjects, meeting the requirements for Pes Planus (30 feet) and Pes Cavus (35 feet), according to the criteria for Medial Longitudinal Arch-angle, were included in the study. The calcaneal vertical angle, representing the eversion/inversion of the subtalar joint, was measured using with two-dimensional digital analysis and Dartfish Software with the subjects running barefoot on a treadmill, before and after 45 min of outside running wearing shoes. Both individuals with Pes Cavus and Pes Planus showed a significant increase in the calcaneal eversion (P<0.05) after 45 min of running. Between the groups, there was a significantly greater eversion of the Pes Planus, on the right foot, after 45 min of running (P<0.05) compared to the Pes Cavus. The effect of fatigue evident in the present study suggests that further biomechanical research should be considered when exposing the foot to the repetitive nature of running, conditions most likely responsible for the overrepresented overuse injuries among runners.
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| 8. |
- Johansson, Anette, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of shoulder pain in Swedish flatwater kayakers and its relation to range of motion and scapula stability of the shoulder joint
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Sports Sciences. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0264-0414 .- 1466-447X. ; 34:10, s. 951-958
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Few studies have investigated the incidence of injuries in kayakers. The aim was to study the prevalence of shoulder pain in competitive flatwater kayakers and to evaluate any differences in range of motion or scapula stability of the shoulder joint among kayakers with or without the history of shoulder pain. Thirty-one kayakers were participated in the study, and a questionnaire including background data was used. Shoulder range of motion was measured with a goniometer, and the participants were observed for scapula dyskinesis in flexion and abduction. Of the participating kayakers, 54.8% (n=17) had experienced shoulder pain. Kayakers who had experienced shoulder pain showed a significantly lower degree of internal rotational range of motion versus kayakers with no reported shoulder pain, with a mean degree of internal rotation in the right shoulder 49.3 vs 60.0 (P=0.017) and the left shoulder 51.9 vs 66.0 (P=0.000). Kayakers who had experienced shoulder pain were also observed with a scapular dyskinesis (n=15 of 17 kayakers) to a significantly higher degree (P=0.001) than kayakers with no reported shoulder pain. Findings suggest that screening for scapular dyskinesis and testing for rotational range of motion in the shoulder joint is essential in order to treat and maybe prevent shoulder pain in kayakers.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Wanby, Pär, et al.
(författare)
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Modestly degraded microarchitecture and high serum levels of osteopontin in Swedish females with anorexia nervosa
- 2021
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Ingår i: Eating and Weight Disorders. - : Springer. - 1124-4909 .- 1590-1262. ; 26, s. 2165-2172
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose Adult women with long-time anorexia nervosa (AN) are believed to have osteopenia (T-score <= 1.0) in 93 % and osteoporosis (T-score <= 2.5) in 38 %. Bone microarchitecture assessed by Trabecular Bone Score (TBS) predicts osteoporotic fractures. Our aim was to evaluate the microarchitecture in adult females with AN by determining TBS and to identify factors potentially associated with TBS, such as bone turnover markers. Methods 20 female patients with AN (DSM IV), aged 27.8 +/- 4.4 years, BMI 16.6 +/- 0.6 kg/m(2) and duration of illness of 8.5 +/- 5 years had previously been evaluated with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). TBS measurements were now obtained, using iNsight software, from spinal DXA images. Serum levels of bone turnover markers were determined in patients and healthy normal-weight controls. Results Compared to controls serum values of osteopontin were higher (p = 0.009). BMD in patients with AN was reduced by at least 1.0 SD at one or more skeletal sites in 65 % of patients and by at least 2.5 SD in 20 %. Only one of the patients (5%) had suffered a fracture. TBS (mean 1.35 +/- 0.06; median 1.36 (1.23-1.44) was in the lower normal range (>= 1.35). 40 % of patients showed partially (> 1.20 and < 1.35) but none showed a fully degraded micro-architecture. Conclusions In Swedish AN patients we found a low reduction of BMD and fracture history. The bone microarchitecture, evaluated for the first time for this group by TBS, was only modestly compromised, and to a lesser extent than expected for this group of patients with AN.
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