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| 2. |
- Komorowski, Jan
(författare)
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Learning Rule-Based Models - The Rough Set Approach
- 2014
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Ingår i: Comprehensive Biomedical Physics. - : Elsevier. - 9780444536327 - 9780444536334 ; , s. 19-39
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rough sets are a mathematically well-founded approach to induce minimal rules from examples represented in the form of decision systems. Rough sets have been successfully used to build classifiers in many domains including lifer sciences. This chapter introduces the concept of rough sets in a semi-formal way accessible to a non-expert reader. Rough sets have several advantages over other approaches such as, for instance, human legibility of the rule models by non-experts, and the ability to represent combinatorial models. Other advantages of rough sets include data reduction and uncertainty handling. With help of examples taken from a very broad spectrum of bioinformatics applications of rough sets ranging from functional genomics, to proteomics, to transcriptomics, to epigenetics, to cancer and HIV research, this introduction explains the basics of rough sets. It then continues to more advanced topics in building rough set classifiers. The focus is on the process of developing a rule-based model, its interpretation, and statistical significance, which discern this chapter from many a text on machine learning. Finally, rough sets are briefly compared to other learning approaches including some statistical approaches. The availability of ROSETTA allows learning how to use rough set modeling in practice. A discussion of relative advantages and disadvantages of rough sets ends this introduction.
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| 3. |
- Piper, Barbara F, et al.
(författare)
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Cancer-related fatigue
- 2011
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Ingår i: The MASCC textbook of cancer supportive care and survivorship. - New York : Springer. - 9781441912244 ; , s. 23-32
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This chapter describes what is currently known about cancer-related fatigue (CRF) in cancer survivors. Significance and prevalence rates are reviewed and definitions are discussed within the context of the need to develop case definitions and phenotypes to advance the science and practice of CRF. Two conceptual frameworks/models for CRF are identified based on emerging evidence that unify the seemingly disparate underlying mechanisms proposed in the literature. While further testing of these models and their propositions are needed, these models can be used to guide future studies investigating CRF and its underlying relationships with other symptoms such as pain, depression, and insomnia. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines for the assessment and management of CRF are reviewed. Particular emphasis is given to the assessment and management of the common contributing and treatable factors associated with CRF (i.e., anemia, comorbidities, deconditioning, emotional distress, nutrition, pain, sleep disturbance/insomnia, symptom clusters, and cognitive impairment). Barriers to guideline adherence and exercise prescription are discussed, and patient and provider education is emphasized.
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| 4. |
- Elgqvist, Jörgen, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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Ovarian cancer: background and clinical perspectives
- 2010
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Ingår i: Targeted Radionuclide Therapy. - Philadelphia, USA : Lippincott Williams &Wilkins, a Wolter Kluwer business. - 9780781796934 ; , s. 380-396
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 5. |
- Lindvall, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Air Transportation of Patients with Brain Tumours
- 2011
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Ingår i: Tumors of the Central Nervous system, Volume 3. - DORDRECHT : Springer Netherlands. - 9789400713987 - 9789400713994 ; , s. 339-343
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Air transportation of patients to specialised health care services has become ever more important in modern health care. Air transport has the advantage of a swift transport and the possibility to cover large geographical areas. Air transport may be used for the pre and postoperative transport of patients with brain tumours. Preoperative transport of patients harbouring brain tumours seem to be safe in most cases even if there are a few reports reporting clinical deterioration during and after air transport. Results from microdialysis of normal brain tissue and tumour tissue have shown only minor metabolic changes during and after air transport. In case of postoperative air transport of patients operated for brain tumours the presence of intracranial air be associated with an increased risk. Intracranial air can be treated as an ideal gas and will expand as the cabin pressure in the aeroplane decreases. Air trapped in the intracranial cavity cannot easily expand, however, and this may result in an increased intracranial pressure. Therefore it may be recommended that patients with a large amount of intracranial air should be transported with ground transportation or with air transportation where the cabin is pressurized to sea level.
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| 8. |
- Kjeller, Göran
(författare)
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Management of Patients Undergoing Radiation and Chemotherapy
- 2010
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Ingår i: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (Eds: Andersson L, Kahnberg K-E, Pogrel AM. - ChiChester, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd. - 9781405171199 ; , s. 735-742
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter describes the types of tumor and the criteria for treating them with radiation therapy alone, radiation therapy combined with surgery, radiation therapy combined with chemotherapy, and radiation therapy combined with both chemotherapy and surgery. The different protocols available for the different types of tumor will be described, including the different order in which they may be given. The side-effects of radiation therapy and chemotherapy are described as well as the long-term oral complications from both types of therapy.
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| 9. |
- Melin, Beatrice, et al.
(författare)
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Familial Factors and Inherited Susceptibility to Glioma
- 2011
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Ingår i: Principles & Practice of Neuro-Oncology. - New York : Demos Medical Publications, LLC. - 9781933864785 - 9781617050145 ; , s. 14-17
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 10. |
- Naredi, Peter, 1955
(författare)
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Better value cancer surgery
- 2013
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Ingår i: How to get better value cancer care. Eds Gray, M. & Kerr, D.. - Oxford, UK : Offox Press. - 9781904202158
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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