| 1. |
- Hietala, Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
Prolactin levels, breast-feeding and milk production in a cohort of young healthy women from high-risk breast cancer families : implications for breast cancer risk
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Familial Cancer. - : Springer. - 1389-9600 .- 1573-7292. ; 7:3, s. 221-228
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High prolactin levels have been associated with increased breast cancer risk. Prolactin is essential for breast-feeding. Prolactin is lowered primarily by the first full-term pregnancy and not by subsequent pregnancies. The protection from breast cancer conferred by a long breast-feeding duration (>1 year) seems to be much greater for women with BRCA1 mutations (45%) than for women in the general population (4%). One study reported poor milk production to be more common in BRCA1 carriers (75%) than in non-carriers (36%). We aimed to explore the relationships between prolactin levels, breast-feeding duration, milk production and BRCA carrier status in young healthy women from high-risk breast cancer families. Questionnaires including information on reproductive factors and lifestyle were completed by 269 healthy women, aged 40 years or younger. Body measurements and plasma prolactin levels were obtained during cycle days 5–10 and 18–23. Prolactin was higher in nulliparous than in parous women (P<0.0001). In parous women, post-lactational prolactin levels in both cycle phases were significantly negatively associated with breast-feeding duration of the first child (P≤0.009), but not with additional breast-feeding of subsequent children (P≥0.12). Prolactin was higher in women who reported insufficient versus sufficient milk production (P≤0.01). Neither BRCA1/2 carrier status nor increasing parity was significantly associated with prolactin, breast-feeding duration of the first child or milk production. In conclusion, post-lactational prolactin levels were determined by breast-feeding duration of the first child and not simply by the first full-term pregnancy. Since prolactin modifies the risk for breast cancer, adequate counseling in favor of breast-feeding is essential for high risk women.
|
|
| 2. |
- Bågeman, Erika, et al.
(författare)
-
Coffee Consumption and CYP1A2*1F Genotype Modify Age at Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Estrogen Receptor Status.
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention. - : American Association for Cancer Research. - 1055-9965 .- 1538-7755. ; 17:4, s. 895-901
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- CYP1A2 plays a key role in the metabolism of both estrogen and coffee. Women with higher coffee intake and the CYP1A2*1F A/A genotype have a ratio of high 2-hydroxyestrone (2-OHE1) to 16alpha-OHE1. 2-OHE1 is a weak estrogen and may even block the estrogen receptor (ER), whereas 16alpha-OHE1 is procarcinogenic. We hypothesized that moderate to high coffee consumption (>/=2 cups per day) combined with the CYP1A2*1F A/A genotype would be associated with a later age at diagnosis and a greater proportion of ER-negative (ER-) tumors among patients with breast cancer. We genotyped 458 patients with breast cancer (age, 25-99 years) in Lund, Sweden, for CYP1A2*1F. Information on lifestyle factors and tumor characteristics were obtained from preoperative questionnaires and pathology reports. Among patients with CYP1A2*1F A/A (51.3%), moderate to high consumption was associated with a later age at diagnosis compared with low coffee consumption (59.8 versus 52.6 years, P = 0.0004). These patients were also more likely to have ER- tumors than patients with low consumption (14.7% versus 0%, P = 0.018). Coffee was not associated with ER status or age at diagnosis in patients with at least one C allele. Age at diagnosis was not associated with ER status in patients with CYP1A2*1F A/A, but younger patients (<50 years) with at least one C allele were more likely to have ER- tumors compared with older patients (odds ratio, 4.2; 95% confidence interval, 1.9-9.3; P = 0.0002). These findings raise the hypothesis that coffee slows the growth of ER-positive tumors in patients with CYP1A2*1F A/A and may have implications for breast cancer if confirmed.
|
|
| 3. |
- Jernström, Helena, et al.
(författare)
-
Coffee intake and CYP1A2*1F genotype predict breast volume in young women: implications for breast cancer.
- 2008
-
Ingår i: British Journal of Cancer. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1532-1827 .- 0007-0920. ; 99, s. 1534-1538
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As breast volume may be associated with heart cancer risk, we studied the relationship between breast volume, CYP1A2*1F and coffee intake. Among healthy premenopausal non-hormone users, 3+ cups per day was associated with lower volume only in C-allele carriers (P(interaction)=0.02), which is consistent with reports that coffee protects only C-allele carriers against breast cancer.British Journal of Cancer advance online publication, 23 September 2008; doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6604687 www.bjcancer.com.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
