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- Grasset, Estelle
(författare)
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Deciphering the interaction between nervous system and gut micro-biota to better treat type 2 diabetes
- 2018
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Ingår i: Correspondances En Metabolismes Hormones Diabetes Et Nutrition. - 2100-9619. ; 22:7, s. 159-164
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Type 2 diabetes is characterized by a chronic hyperglycemia resulting from many disorders including an impaired neural detection of glucose. These nervous alterations lead to the loss of an adequate metabolic response. The neural detection of glucose is an early event starting when the food is ingested, from the mouth (in the taste buds) to the intestine, by the vagus nerve and the enteric nervous system. The presence of bacteria in the mouth and throughout the intestinal tract can influence the nervous response to glucose. During metabolic diseases, the oral and intestinal microbiota are altered and imbalanced and a neuropathy is observed. These two factors contribute to the aggravation of the disease. It has recently been shown that a dysbiotic microbiota may be one of the causes of diabetic nerve damage and the loss of neural glucose sensing during type 2 diabetes. Thus, treating the microbiota dysbiosis could become a strategy to improve diabetic neuropathy and nervous glucose detection notably through pro and prebiotics.
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| 2. |
- Adiels, Martin, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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Role of apolipoprotein C-III overproduction in diabetic dyslipidaemia
- 2019
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Ingår i: Diabetes, obesity and metabolism. - : Wiley. - 1462-8902 .- 1463-1326. ; 21:8, s. 1861-1870
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- - Aims: To investigate how apolipoprotein C-III (apoC-III) metabolism is altered in subjects with type 2 diabetes, whether the perturbed plasma triglyceride concentrations in this condition are determined primarily by the secretion rate or the removal rate of apoC-III, and whether improvement of glycaemic control using the glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue liraglutide for 16 weeks modifies apoC-III dynamics. Materials and Methods: Postprandial apoC-III kinetics were assessed after a bolus injection of [5,5,5- 2 H 3 ]leucine using ultrasensitive mass spectrometry techniques. We compared apoC-III kinetics in two situations: in subjects with type 2 diabetes before and after liraglutide therapy, and in type 2 diabetic subjects with matched body mass index (BMI) non-diabetic subjects. Liver fat content, subcutaneous abdominal and intra-abdominal fat were determined using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Results: Improved glycaemic control by liraglutide therapy for 16 weeks significantly reduced apoC-III secretion rate (561 ± 198 vs. 652 ± 196 mg/d, P = 0.03) and apoC-III levels (10.0 ± 3.8 vs. 11.7 ± 4.3 mg/dL, P = 0.035) in subjects with type 2 diabetes. Change in apoC-III secretion rate was significantly associated with the improvement in indices of glucose control (r = 0.67; P = 0.009) and change in triglyceride area under the curve (r = 0.59; P = 0.025). In line with this, the apoC-III secretion rate was higher in subjects with type 2 diabetes compared with BMI-matched non-diabetic subjects (676 ± 208 vs. 505 ± 174 mg/d, P = 0.042). Conclusions: The results reveal that the secretion rate of apoC-III is associated with elevation of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins in subjects with type 2 diabetes, potentially through the influence of glucose homeostasis on the production of apoC-III. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons Ltd
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| 3. |
- López Gavilánez, E., et al.
(författare)
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The application of FRAX in Ecuador
- 2021
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Ingår i: Revista Colombiana de Reumatologia. - : Elsevier BV. - 0121-8123. ; 30:3, s. 199-206
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Intervention thresholds for the treatment of osteoporosis have been based historically on the measurement of bone mineral density. The development of FRAX® has permitted more accurate assessment of fracture risk. The aim of the present study was to explore treatment paths and characteristics of women eligible for treatment in Ecuador based on FRAX. Methods: A total of 2367 women aged 60–94 years were selected from the National Health, Welfare and Aging Survey (SABE) conducted in Ecuador. Probabilities of major osteoporotic and hip fracture were computed using the Ecuadorian FRAX model. The proportion of women eligible for treatment and bone mineral density assessment was determined based on age-specific intervention thresholds and a hybrid threshold was fixed from age 75 years. Results: A total of 87 women (3.7%) had a prior fragility fracture and would be eligible for treatment for this reason. An additional 49 women were eligible for treatment in that MOF probabilities lay above the upper assessment threshold using age-specific thresholds. An BMD test would be recommended in 1131 women (48%) so that FRAX could be recalculated with the inclusion of femoral neck BMD. With the hybrid threshold, an additional 170 women were eligible for treatment and an BMD test recommended in 1218 women. Conclusion: The hybrid threshold identifies more women eligible for treatment than age-specific thresholds. Although age-specific thresholds identify women at higher risk of fracture, the lower number of women identified results in fewer identified fracture cases. © 2021 Asociación Colombiana de Reumatología
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