| 1. |
- Wiitavaara, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence, diagnostics, and management of musculoskeletal disorders in primary health care in Sweden : an investigation of 2000 randomly selected patient records
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Evaluation In Clinical Practice. - : Wiley. - 1356-1294 .- 1365-2753. ; 23:2, s. 325-332
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. To improve the care of patients suffering from musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) further knowledge regarding the prevalence, diagnostics and management of different MSD in primary care is required. Thus the aims of this study were: -to investigate the prevalence of patients seeking care due to different MSD at primary health care centres (PHCs); -to chart different factors as symptoms, diagnosis, and actions prescribed for patients that visited the PHCs due to MSD; and -to make comparisons regarding differences due to gender, age, and rural or urban PHC.Methods. 2000 patient records for patients in working age were randomly selected equally distributed on one rural and one urban PHC. A 3-year period was reviewed retrospectively. For all patient records age, sex, occupation, occupational activity, date of visit, if it was a new or re-visit, cause to the visit, and diagnosis related to the visit were registered. For visits due to MSD the location of the patients symptoms, which symptoms were described in the patient record, the type of those symptoms, which actions were prescribed to resolve the patients problems, and also sickleave prior to and after the visit, were registered. Data was analysed using cross tabulation, multidimensional Chi-square (Pearson), and a probability level of p < .05.Results. The prevalence of MSD was high, almost 60 % of the patients had some sort of MSD symptoms, either at the day for visit or the reviewed 3 year period, and a bit higher among women than men. Upper and lower limb problems were most common. Symptoms were most prevalent in the young and middle age-groups. The patients got a variety of different diagnoses, and between 13-35 % of the patients did not receive a MSD-diagnose despite having MSD-symptoms. There was a great variation in how the cases were handled. Medication and sick leave certificates were most common while work-related rehabilitation was less common. Conclusion. The present study points out some weaknesses regarding diagnostics and management of MSD in primary care. Further studies to compare the results regarding diagnoses for musculoskeletal symptoms and measures taken to solve the patients’ problems would be of interest.
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| 2. |
- Lowden, Arne, et al.
(författare)
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Eating and shift work : effects on habits, metabolism and performance
- 2010
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health. - : Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health. - 0355-3140 .- 1795-990X. ; 36:2, s. 150-162
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Compared to individuals who work during the day, shift workers are at higher risk of a range of metabolic disorders and diseases (eg, obesity, cardiovascular disease, peptic ulcers, gastrointestinal problems, failure to control blood sugar levels, and metabolic syndrome). At least some of these complaints may be linked to the quality of the diet and irregular timing of eating, however other factors that affect metabolism are likely to play a part, including psychosocial stress, disrupted circadian rhythms, sleep debt, physical inactivity, and insufficient time for rest and revitalization. In this overview, we examine studies on food and nutrition among shift workers [ie, dietary assessment (designs, methods, variables) and the factors that might influence eating habits and metabolic parameters]. The discussion focuses on the quality of existing dietary assessment data, nutritional status parameters (particularly in obesity), the effect of circadian disruptions, and the possible implications for performance at work. We conclude with some dietary guidelines as a basis for managing the nutrition of shift workers.
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| 3. |
- Boman, Tomas, et al.
(författare)
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Employment opportunities for persons with different types of disability
- 2015
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Ingår i: Alter;European Journal of Disability Research ;Journal Europeen de Recherche Sur le Handicap. - : OpenEdition. - 1875-0672 .- 1875-0680. ; 9:2, s. 116-129
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The employment status of groups with different disabilities wasanalysed as were potentially important moderating factors (workability, structural and individual factors). A secondary analy-sis was performed on 4359 respondents with disabilities fromStatistics Sweden's Labour Market Investigation. The respondentswere divided into six disability groups (communicative-hearing,communicative-speech-reading, communicative-vision, psycho-logical disability, medical disability, physical disability). Logisticregression analyses showed that the probability of being employedwas highest among respondents with hearing disabilities andrespondents with psychological disabilities were least likely tobe employed. Being a woman (very young or old) with onlyprimary education and with partially or very impaired workability, reduced employment opportunities. Higher education didnot increase employment opportunities for respondents withimpaired work ability. In summary, the type of disability is essentialfor employment opportunities, and differences between disabil-ity groups cannot be explained by differences in other variables.
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| 4. |
- Waller, Göran, et al.
(författare)
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A cross-sectional and semantic investigation of self-rated health in the northern Sweden MONICA-study
- 2012
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Ingår i: BMC Medical Research Methodology. - London : BioMed Central. - 1471-2288. ; 12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Self-Rated Health (SRH) correlates with risk of illness and death. But how are different questions of SRH to be interpreted? Does it matter whether one asks: “How would you assess your general state of health?”(General SRH) or “How would you assess your general state of health compared to persons of your own age?”(Comparative SRH)? Does the context in a questionnaire affect the answers? The aim of this paper is to examine the meaning of two questions on self-rated health, the statistical distribution of the answers, and whether the context of the question in a questionnaire affects the answers.Methods: Statistical and semantic methodologies were used to analyse the answers of two different SRH questions in a cross-sectional survey, the MONICA-project of northern Sweden.Results: The answers from 3504 persons were analysed. The statistical distributions of answers differed. The most common answer to the General SRH was “good”, while the most common answer to the Comparative SRH was “similar”. The semantic analysis showed that what is assessed in SRH is not health in a medical and lexical sense but fields of association connected to health, for example health behaviour, functional ability, youth, looks, way of life. The meaning and function of the two questions differ – mainly due to the comparing reference in Comparative SRH. The context in the questionnaire may have affected the statistics.Conclusions: Health is primarily assessed in terms of its sense-relations (associations) and Comparative SRH and General SRH contain different information on SRH. Comparative SRH is semantically more distinct. The context of the questions in a questionnaire may affect the way self-rated health questions are answered. Comparative SRH should not be eliminated from use in questionnaires. Its usefulness in clinical encounters should be investigated.
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