| 1. |
- Szaro, Pavel, 1981, et al.
(författare)
-
Magnetic resonance imaging of the brachial plexus. Part 2: Traumatic injuries
- 2022
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Radiology Open (EJR Open). - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-0477. ; 9
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The most common indications for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brachial plexus (BP) are traumatic injuries. The role of MRI of the BP has increased because of recent trends favoring earlier surgery. Determining preganglionic vs. postganglionic injury is essential, as different treatment strategies are required. Thus, MRI of the BP should be supplemented with cervical spine MRI to assess the intradural part of the spinal nerves, including highly T2-weighted techniques. Acute preganglionic injuries usually manifest as various combinations of post-traumatic pseudomeningocele, the absence of roots, deformity of nerve root sleeves, displacement of the spinal cord, hemorrhage in the spinal canal, presence of scars in the spinal canal, denervation of the back muscles, and syrinx. Spinal nerve root absence is more specific than pseudomeningocele on MRI. Acute postganglionic injuries can present as lesions in continuity or tears. The following signs indicate injury to the BP: side-to-side difference, swelling, partial, or total BP rupture. Injury patterns and localization are associated with the mechanism of trauma, which implies a significant role for MRI in the work-up of patients. The identification and description of traumatic lesions involving the brachial plexus need to be systematic and detailed. Using an appropriate MRI protocol, obtaining details about the injury, applying a systematic anatomical approach, and correlating imaging findings to relevant clinical data to make a correct diagnosis. Information about the presence or suspicion of root avulsion should always be provided.
|
|
| 2. |
- Geijer, Mats, 1957, et al.
(författare)
-
Change and consistency in Acta Radiologica over 100 years
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Acta Radiologica. - : SAGE Publications. - 0284-1851 .- 1600-0455. ; 62:11, s. 1435-1442
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Acta Radiologica celebrates its 100th anniversary in 2021. In this article, the foundation of the journal and its editors are described. During 100 years, the manuscript structure changed from single-author verbose monographs to multi-author collaborations on statistically analyzed research subjects. The authorship changed from purely Nordic authors to a truly international cadre of authors, and the size of the journal increased considerably, in issues per year, printed pages, and published articles per year. The Foundation of Acta Radiologica has been able to give out two prizes, the Xenia Forsselliana and the Acta Radiologica International Scientific Prize for the best manuscripts each year. The increasing submissions of manuscripts is an indication that Acta Radiologica will continue to publish important scientific results for many years to come.
|
|
| 3. |
- Nilsson, Anders, 1958, et al.
(författare)
-
The Artelon CMC spacer compared with tendon interposition arthroplasty.
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Acta orthopaedica. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1745-3682 .- 1745-3674. ; 81:2, s. 237-44
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Artelon CMC spacer is designed for surgical treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) in the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb (CMC-I). Good results using this degradable device were previously presented in a pilot study. We now present results from a larger randomized, controlled, multicenter study.
|
|
| 4. |
- Götestrand, Simon, et al.
(författare)
-
Visualization of wrist anatomy - a comparison between 7T and 3T MRI
- 2022
-
Ingår i: European Radiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0938-7994 .- 1432-1084. ; 32:2, s. 1362-1370
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective Injuries to the wrist are, due to its small size and complex anatomical structures, difficult to assess by MR, and surgical interventions such as diagnostic arthroscopy are often necessary. Therefore, improved visualization using non-invasive methods could be of clinical value. As a first step of improvement, the purpose of this study was to evaluate visualization of anatomical structures at 7T compared with 3T MR. Methods Eighteen healthy volunteers (three males and three females from each age decade between 20 and 49 years) were examined with 7T and 3T MR. Four musculoskeletal radiologists graded 2D and 3D images on a five-level grading scale for visibility of ligaments, cartilage, nerves, trabecular bone, and tendons, as well as overall image quality (i.e., edge sharpness, perceived tissue contrast, and presence of artefacts). Statistical analysis was done using a visual grading characteristics (VGC) analysis. Results Visibility of cartilage, trabecular bone, tendons, nerves, and ligaments was graded significantly higher at 7T with an area under the curve (AUC(VGC)) of 0.62-0.88 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.50-0.97, p = < 0.0001-0.03) using either 2D or 3D imaging. Imaging with 3T was not graded as superior to 7T for any structure. Image quality was also significantly superior at 7T, except for artefacts, where no significant differences were found. Conclusions Tendons, trabecular bone, nerves, and ligaments were all significantly better visualized at 7T compared to 3T.
|
|
| 5. |
- Szaro, Pavel, 1981, et al.
(författare)
-
Magnetic resonance imaging of the brachial plexus. Part 1: Anatomical considerations, magnetic resonance techniques, and non-traumatic lesions
- 2022
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Radiology Open (EJR Open). - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-0477. ; 9
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- For magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of non-traumatic brachial plexus (BP) lesions, sequences with contrast injection should be considered in the differentiation between tumors, infection, postoperative conditions, and post-radiation changes. The most common non-traumatic inflammatory BP neuropathy is radiation neuropathy. T2-weighted images may help to distinguish neoplastic infiltration showing a high signal from radiation-induced neuropathy with fibrosis presenting a low signal. MRI findings in inflammatory BP neuropathy are usually absent or discrete. Diffuse edema of the BP localized mainly in the supraclavicular part of BP, with side-to-side differences, and shoulder muscle denervation may be found on MRI. BP infection is caused by direct infiltration from septic arthritis of the shoulder joint, spondylodiscitis, or lung empyema. MRI may help to narrow down the list of differential diagnoses of tumors. The most common tumor of BP is metastasis. The most common primary tumor of BP is neurofibroma, which is visible as fusiform thickening of a nerve. In its solitary state, it may be challenging to differentiate from a schwannoma. The most common MRI finding is a neurogenic variant of thoracic outlet syndrome with an asymmetry of signal and thickness of the BP with edema. In abduction, a loss of fat directly related to the BP may be seen. Diffusion tensor imaging is a promising novel MRI sequences; however, the small diameter of the nerves contributing to the BP and susceptibility to artifacts may be challenging in obtaining sufficiently high-quality images.
|
|
| 6. |
- Holmquist, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
-
Can iterative reconstruction algorithms replace tube loading compensation in low kVp hepatic CT? Subjective versus objective image quality
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Acta Radiologica Open. - : SAGE Publications. - 2058-4601 .- 2058-4601. ; 9:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Hepatic computed tomography (CT) with decreased peak kilovoltage (kVp) may be used to reduce contrast medium doses in patients at risk of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI); however, it increases image noise. To preserve image quality, noise has been controlled by X-ray tube loading (mAs) compensation (TLC), i.e. increased mAs. Another option to control image noise would be to use iterative reconstructions (IR) algorithms without TLC (No-TLC). It is unclear whether this may preserve image quality or only reduce image noise. Purpose: To evaluate image quality of 80 kVp hepatic CT with TLC and filtered back projection (FBP) compared with 80 kVp with No-TLC and IR algorithms (SAFIRE 3 and 5) in patients with eGFR <45 mL/min. Material and Methods: Forty patients (BMI 18-32 kg/m(2)) were examined with both protocols following injection of 300 mg I/kg. Hepatic attenuation, image noise, enhancement, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), and subjective image quality were evaluated for each patient. Results: Comparing TLC/FBP with No-TLC/IR-S5, there were no significant differences regarding hepatic attenuation, image noise, enhancement, SNR and CNR: 114 vs. 115 HU, 14 vs. 14 HU, 55 vs. 57 HU, 8.0 vs. 8.4, and 3.8 vs. 4.0 in median, respectively. No-TLC/IR-S3 resulted in higher image noise and lower SNR and CNR than TLC/FBP. Subjective image quality scoring with visual grading showed statistically significantly inferior scores for IR-S5 images. Conclusion: CT of 80 kVp to reduce contrast medium dose in patients at risk of CI-AKI combined with IR algorithms with unchanged tube loading to control image noise does not provide sufficient diagnostic quality.
|
|
| 7. |
- Möller, Karin, 1962, et al.
(författare)
-
Avanta versus Swanson silicone implants in the MCP joint--a prospective, randomized comparison of 30 patients followed for 2 years
- 2005
-
Ingår i: J Hand Surg [Br]. - : SAGE Publications. - 0266-7681. ; 30:1, s. 8-13
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The results of Swanson and Avanta metacarpophalangeal joint arthroplasties in rheumatoid patients were compared in a prospective, randomized study of 30 patients (120 implants). At 2-year follow-up, grip strength was measured, hand function was assessed with the Sollerman test and the subjective outcome was determined with visual analogue scores. With both implants ulnar deviation and flexion deformities decreased, and there was no difference between the groups. The increase in range of motion was 7 degrees greater with Avanta implants than with Swanson implants. Grip strength and hand function were unaltered but the visual analogue scales showed decreased pain levels and subjective improvements in hand function, grip strength and cosmesis. Twenty-four of 30 patients were satisfied. Fracture of the silicone spacer occurred with 12 Avanta (20%) and eight Swanson implants (13%), with a higher fracture frequency in men.
|
|
| 8. |
- Götestrand, Simon, et al.
(författare)
-
Visualization of wrist ligaments with 3D and 2D magnetic resonance imaging at 3 Tesla
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Acta Radiologica. - : SAGE Publications. - 0284-1851 .- 1600-0455. ; 63:3, s. 368-375
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Wrist ligaments are challenging to visualize using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Injuries involving the scapholunate ligament (SLL), the lunotriquetral ligament (LTL), and the triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) are common and difficult to diagnose, often requiring diagnostic arthroscopy. Purpose To compare the visualization of wrist ligaments on a three-dimensional (3D) sequence with two-dimensional (2D) sequences on 3-T MRI. Material and Methods Eighteen healthy volunteers were examined with a 3D SPACE (sampling perfection with application optimized contrasts using different flip angle evolution) sequence and 2D coronal, axial, and sagittal proton density-weighted (PD) sequences. Four musculoskeletal radiologists graded the anatomical visibility of the SLL, LTL, TFCC, and the image quality, using five grades in a visual grading characteristics (VGC) evaluation. After Bonferroni correction, a P value <= 0.005 was considered statistically significant. Results The 3D images were graded significantly better than the 2D images in the visualization of the dorsal and palmar parts of the SLL and the LTL. Regarding the TFCC, the 3D images were graded significantly better for visualization of the foveal attachment. 2D imaging was not found significantly superior to 3D imaging in any aspect. Conclusion The 3D SPACE sequence was scored as superior to the 2D sequences at 3 T in the assessment of the SLL, the LTL, and the foveal attachment of the TFCC. Thus, 3D SPACE can replace 2D PD sequences when these ligaments need to be assessed.
|
|
| 9. |
- Holmquist, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
-
80-kV(p) hepatic CT to reduce contrast medium dose in azotemic patients: a feasibility study
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Acta Radiologica. - : SAGE Publications. - 0284-1851 .- 1600-0455. ; 61:4, s. 441-449
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Low peak kilovoltage (kV(p)) computed tomography (CT) may be used to reduce contrast medium doses in patients at risk of contrast medium-induced acute kidney injury if image noise can be controlled by increasing X-ray tube loading (mAs). Purpose To evaluate objective and subjective image quality in 80-kV(p) CT with reduced contrast medium dose and compensated mAs for unchanged image noise in patients with estimated glomerular filtration rate Material and Methods 80-kV(p) CT with 300 mg I/kg in 40 patients (body mass index 18-32 kg/m(2), glomerular filtration rate <45 mL/min) and 120-kV(p) CT with 500 mg I/kg in 40 patients (body mass index = 17-30 kg/m(2), glomerular filtration rate >= 45 mL/min) was compared on mean hepatic attenuation, image noise, contrast medium enhancement, signal-to-noise ratio, contrast-to-noise ratio, effective radiation dose, and subjective image quality. Results There were no significant differences regarding median hepatic post-contrast attenuation, image noise, contrast medium enhancement, signal-to-noise ratio, contrast-to-noise ratio, or effective dose between the 80-kV(p) and 120-kV(p) cohorts: 114/110 HU; 14/14 HU; 57/53 HU; 8.0/7.4; 3.8/3.5; and 5.3/5.9 mSv, respectively. However, subjective image visual grading showed statistically significantly inferior scores for 80 kV(p) for six of eight items. After exclusion of seven inferior examinations not caused by the chosen kV(p) technique, only three items showed inferior scores for 80 kV(p). Only 5% of gradings regarding overall image quality were Conclusion Despite lower subjective image quality, objective data indicate that 80-kV(p) CT with reduced contrast medium doses and compensated mAs may have the potential to provide satisfactory diagnostic quality in patients with body mass index <30 kg/m(2), which could benefit patients at risk of contrast medium-induced acute kidney injury.
|
|
| 10. |
- Samir, A., et al.
(författare)
-
Splenomegaly versus pathological lung volume during COVID-19 infection with or without cytokine storm; a linear regression analysis using CT volumetry
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2090-4762. ; 53:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Due to the paucity of scientific evidence, it is unclear among pulmonologists and physicians in critical care units if and when splenomegaly in novel coronavirus disease (2019) (COVID-19) patients is worrisome. This study aims to evaluate the significance of splenic volume during COVID-19 infection with or without cytokine storm and correlates splenic volume to the volume of pathological lung changes through linear regression analysis. Results: A retrospective study collected 509 polymerase chain reaction proved COVID-19 patients (399 males, 110 females; mean age 48 years, age range 24-78 years) between June and November 2021, without a history of splenic pathology. A control group of age and sex-matched 509 healthy subjects was used and analyzed according to the splenic volume. Five consulting radiologists evaluated initial and follow-up computed tomography (CT) examinations using lung CT volumetry and splenic volume calculation in consensus. Three consulting pulmonologists correlated the severity of clinical and laboratory findings, including oxygen requirements and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels. The T test results for comparison between the COVID-19 patients and the healthy subjects control group regarding the splenic volume were significant (Tvalue was - 4.731452 and p value was 0.00002). There was no significant correlation between the severity of the disease and normal-sized spleen (26% of patients, p= 0.916) or splenomegaly (24% of patients, p= 0.579). On the other hand, all patients with a small spleen or progressive splenomegaly during serial follow-up imaging had clinically severe disease with a statistically significant correlation (p= 0.017 and 0.003, respectively). Ninety-seven percent of patients with clinically mild disease and splenomegaly had 0-20% lung involvement (CT-severity score 1) while all patients with clinically severe disease and splenomegaly had 27-73% lung involvement (CT-severity score 2 and 3) (r = 0.305, p = 0.030). Conclusions: Splenomegaly is a non-specific sign that may be found during mild and severe COVID-19 infection, it was not statistically correlated with the clinical severity and a weak positive relationship was found between the splenic size and the CT-severity score of the pathological lung volume. On the other hand, the presence of splenic atrophy or progressive splenomegaly was correlated with severe COVID-19 presentation and "cytokine storm". Therefore, the splenic volume changes should not be overlooked in COVID-19 serial CT examinations, particularly in severe or critically ill patients with cytokine storms.
|
|
