| 1. |
- Elmgren Frykberg, Gunilla, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
-
Temporal coordination of the sit-to-walk task in subjects with stroke and in controls
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. - : Elsevier BV. - 0003-9993 .- 1532-821X. ; 90:6, s. 1009-1017
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To explore events and describe phases for temporal coordination of the sit-to-walk (STW) task, within a semistandardized set up, in subjects with stroke and matched controls. In addition, to assess variability of STW phase duration and to compare the relative duration of STW phases between the 2 groups.Design: Cross-sectional.Setting: Research laboratory.Participants: A convenience sample of persons with hemiparesis (n=10; age 50–67y), more than 6 months after stroke and 10 controls matched for sex, age, height, and body mass index.Interventions: Not applicable.Main Outcome Measures: Relative duration of STW phases, SE of measurement in percentage of the mean, and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs).Results: Four STW phases were defined: rise preparation, transition, primary gait initiation, and secondary gait initiation. The subjects with stroke needed 54% more time to complete the STW task than the controls did. ICCs ranged from .38 to .66 and .22 to .57 in the stroke and control groups, respectively. SEs of measurement in percentage of the mean values were high, particularly in the transition phase: 54.1% (stroke) and 50.4% (controls). The generalized linear model demonstrated that the relative duration of the transition phase was significantly longer in the stroke group.Conclusions: The present results extend existing knowledge by presenting 4 new phases of temporal coordination of STW, within a semistandardized set-up, in persons with stroke and in controls. The high degree of variability regarding relative STW phase duration was probably a result of both the semistandardized set up and biological variability. The significant difference in the transition phase across the 2 groups requires further study.
|
|
| 2. |
- Grenholm, Anton, et al.
(författare)
-
Kinematic analyses during stair descent in young women with patellofemoral pain
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Clinical Biomechanics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0268-0033 .- 1879-1271. ; 24:1, s. 88-94
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Compensatory movement strategies may develop in response to pain to avoid stress on the affected area. Patellofemoral pain is characterised by intermittent periods of pain and the present study addresses whether long-term pain leads to compensatory movement strategies that remain even when the pain is absent. METHOD: Lower extremity kinematics in three dimensions was studied in stair descent in 17 women with patellofemoral and in 17 matched controls. A two-dimensional geometric model was constructed to normalise kinematic data for subjects with varying anthropometrics when negotiating stairs of fixed proportions. RESULTS: There were minor differences in movement patterns between groups. Knee joint angular velocity in the stance leg at foot contact was lower and the movement trajectory tended to be jerkier in the patellofemoral group. The two-dimensional model showed greater plantar flexion in the swing leg in preparation for foot placement in the patellofemoral group. INTERPRETATION: The results indicate that an altered stair descent strategy in the patellofemoral group may remain also in the absence of pain. The biomechanical interpretation presumes that the strategy is aimed to reduce knee joint loading by less knee joint moment and lower impact force.
|
|
| 3. |
- Åberg, Anna Cristina, et al.
(författare)
-
Implementation of evidence-based prevention of falls in rehabilitation units : a staff's interactive approach
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1650-1977 .- 1651-2081. ; 41:13, s. 1034-1040
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To provide strategies to assist healthcare professionals in the area of rehabilitation to improve prevention of falls. DESIGN: A conceptual framework is described as a foundation for the proposal of 2 intertwined strategies, of intervention and implementation, which target the questions: Which strategies for intervention represent the current best evidence? and: How can these strategies be implemented and continuously developed? RESULTS: Strategies for multifactorial and multiprofessional fall preventive interventions are presented in terms of a "fall prevention pyramid model", including general, individualized, and acute interventions. A systematic global fall risk rating by the staff is recommended as an initial procedure. Fall event recording and follow-up are stressed as important components of local learning and safety improvement. Development of implementation strategies in 3 phases, focusing on interaction, facilitation and organizational culture, is described. CONCLUSION: A well-developed patient safety culture focusing on prevention of falls will, when successfully achieved, be seen by staff, patients and their significant others as being characteristic of the organization, and will be evident in attitudes, routines and actions. Moreover, it provides potential for positive side-effects concerning organizational and clinical improvements in additional areas.
|
|
| 4. |
- Brorsson, Sofia, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
-
A six-week hand exercise programme improves strength and hand function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. - Basingstoke : Taylor & Francis. - 1650-1977 .- 1651-2081. ; 41:5, s. 338-342
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effects of hand exercise in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, and to compare the results with healthy controls.METHODS:Forty women (20 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and 20 healthy controls) performed a hand exercise programme. The results were evaluated after 6 and 12 weeks with hand force measurements (with a finger extension force measurement device (EX-it) and finger flexion force measurement with Grippit). Hand function was evaluated with the Grip Ability Test (GAT) and with patient relevant questionnaires (Disability of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) and Short Form-36). Ultrasound measurements were performed on m. extensor digitorum communis for analysis of the muscle response to the exercise programme. RESULTS: The extension and flexion force improved in both groups after 6 weeks (p < 0.01). Hand function (GAT) also improved in both groups (p < 0.01). The rheumatoid arthritis group showed improvement in the results of the DASH questionnaire (p < 0.05). The cross-sectional area of the extensor digitorum communis increased significantly in both groups measured with ultrasound. CONCLUSION:A significant improvement in hand force and hand function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis was seen after 6 weeks of hand training; the improvement was even more pronounced after 12 weeks. Hand exercise is thus an effective intervention for rheumatoid arthritis patients, leading to better strength and function.
|
|
