| 1. |
- Wickford, Jenny, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Physiotherapy in Afghanistan - Needs and challenges for development.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Disabil Rehabil.. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0963-8288 .- 1464-5165. ; 30:4, s. 305-313
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose. The aim of this paper is to describe and analyse the current situation of the physiotherapy component of the Rehabilitation of Afghans with Disability (RAD) programme, in order to identify the needs and challenges for further development. Method. The study was conducted as a field study with an anthropological approach by means of participant observation, unstructured and semi-structured interviews and photography. Results. The therapists in RAD work in isolation with little opportunity for further education or professional development. Their approach is mainly medical, where the work is dictated by the patients' expectations and doctors' recommendations. They use primarily passive methods of treatment, and their work is affected by cultural, religious and situational factors. They demonstrate a low capacity of clinical reasoning in their practical work. Conclusions. There is a need for further development of physiotherapy in Afghanistan. Active and individually adapted treatment methods, clinical reasoning processes and evidence-based practice should be encouraged. There are several challenges in this, based on Afghan culture and traditions, gender issues, religious factors, an authoritative society, a medical approach in treatment, and isolation and limitations in access to information. By means of an Action Research project the physiotherapists could be included in further development and research to promote a sustainable and culturally relevant development.
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| 2. |
- Nilsagård, Ylva, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of a single session with cooling garment for persons with multiple sclerosis-a randomized trial
- 2006
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Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1748-3107 .- 1748-3115. ; 1:4, s. 225-233
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose. This research investigates the objective and subjective effects of wearing the Rehband® cooling garment. Method. A multi-centre, randomized crossover study was conducted regarding 43 heat-sensitive persons with multiple sclerosis (MS), comparing active treatment with placebo. Subjects were tested immediately before and after intervention. Ten- (10TW) and 30-metre timed walk (30TW), oral temperature, spasticity, standing balance and timed up and go (TUG) and nine-hole peg test (NHPT) performance were measured. A study-specific questionnaire was used to evaluate subjective experiences. Results. Active treatment produced statistically significant objective improvement in 10TW, 30TW, one-legged stance, tandem stance (right) and TUG; statistically significant subjective improvement was also found in fatigue, spasticity, weakness, balance, gait, transfers, ability to think clearly and time to recover. The coherence between the objective and subjective results indicates clinical relevance from the subjects' perspective. There were no statistically significant differences between treatments in terms of oral temperature, spasticity (measured by the modified Ashworth scale), tandem stance (left), step test or NHPT, or subjective signs such as difficulty in dressing, dysarthria or pain. Conclusions. Active cooling with a Rehband® vest is likely to have a positive effect on everyday life in heat-sensitive persons with MS.
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| 3. |
- Ghaye, Tony, et al.
(författare)
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Participatory and appreciative action and reflection (PAAR) : democratizing reflective practices
- 2008
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Ingår i: Reflective Practice. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1462-3943 .- 1470-1103. ; 9:4, s. 361-397
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper introduces a new approach to reflecting and acting called participatory and appreciative action and reflection (PAAR). It explores its potential to enable individuals and groups to move forward, to improve their working practices and lives in particular communities and contexts. The paper situates PAAR in the historical context of participatory and action methodologies and reflective learning. It suggests that using PAAR requires four strategic ‘turns'. By turn we mean a change in direction from one way of thinking and practising to another. The four turns are: (i) away from a preoccupation with changing behaviours in order to solve problems, with ‘fixing' things and an engagement in deficit-based discourses, towards the development of appreciative insight, understanding the root causes of success and sustaining strengths-based discourses in order to amplify those things that will help build a better future from the positive present; (ii) away from self-learning (individualism and isolation) and towards collective learning through interconnectedness, appreciative knowledge sharing and the use of new forms of communications technology which enable simultaneous action in dispersed geopolitical spaces; (iii) away from one way of knowing and one perspective on truth to an acceptance of more pluralistic view of ways of knowing, of understanding human experience and putting this knowing to good use; (iv) away from reflective cycles and spirals and towards the use of a reflective learning (r-learning) framework comprising four mutually supportive processes. They are those of developing an appreciative ‘gaze', of reframing experience, of building practical wisdom and of achieving and moving forward.
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| 4. |
- Blomkvist, Anna-Christina, et al.
(författare)
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Computer use in cold environments
- 2000
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Ingår i: Applied Ergonomics. - 0003-6870 .- 1872-9126. ; 31:3, s. 239-245
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study addresses computer work in cold environments with the two-fold aim to explore conditions for such work, and to add knowledge about the use of fingers at data entry in the cold. Five workplaces were visited and work contents and use of computers are briefly described. Effects of work in the cold were in line with those mentioned in the literature, and manual lifting of heavy goods the most impairing activity. Subjects contended with strenuous working postures--holding the computers in their hands or arms--and with cold fingers. Individual fingering for data input was noted. Forefinger or a pen were used, and a pen is recommendable for input, either as a touch pen or, simply to press the keys. A supportive rack could be recommended for portable workstations.
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| 5. |
- Melander-Wikman, Anita, et al.
(författare)
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The lighthouse alarm and locator trial : a pilot study
- 2007
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Ingår i: Technology and Health Care. - : EBSCO Industries, Inc. - 0928-7329 .- 1878-7401. ; 15:3, s. 203-212
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An important factor for health is the possibility to be active and mobile. To make this possible different kind of support are needed. Integrating geographical information systems technology and user experiences is important in the development of more user-friendly positioning devices. The Lighthouse Alarm and Locator trial aimed to test a new mobile alarm system with additional functionality such as positioning and monitoring of vital signs which can be used regardless of location (in hospital, at home). The system was tested by elderly persons from a pensioner organisation and home care personnel answered up on the alarms. After the tests qualitative interviews were performed with the two groups. The results showed that their experiences of the new mobile alarm system could be described in three main categories: to be supervised, to feel safe and to be mobile. These categories formed a theme: Positioning - an ethical dilemma. The clients' mobility was perceived to increase. The personnel did not think that positioning was ethical but the clients (elderly) did.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Areskoug Josefsson, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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A literature review of the sexual health of women with rheumatoid arthritis
- 2009
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Ingår i: Musculoskeletal Care. - : Wiley. - 1478-2189 .- 1557-0681. ; 7:4, s. 219-226
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sexual health problems are common for women with Rheumatoid Arthritis, RA. Sexual health is covered in the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) by two different fields: sexual function and intimate relationships, which are included in the ICF core sets for RA. Most patients with RA are female, and there are differences concerning sexual health between women and men with RA.The aim of this study was to explore the literature concerning the effects of RA on the sexual health of female patients, and also recommend solutions to improve the sexual health of women with RA.Sexual health problems can occur before, during and after sexual activities, and can affect women's sexual health in different perspectives. The investigated areas concerning female RA-patients and sexual are general sexual problems, sexual satisfaction, sexual desire, sexual performance, and sexual functioning. RA affects sexual health as a result of pain, reduced joint mobility, fatigue, depression and body image alterations. The investigated material provides few solutions to sexual health problems of female RA-patients. The most commonly mentioned solution is increased information and communication between health professionals and patients. Some of the studies recommend physiotherapy. Further research is needed to understand which types of intervention can help women with RA to improve their sexual health.
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| 8. |
- Gard, Gunvor, et al.
(författare)
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Pedestrians on slippery surfaces during winter : methods to describe the problems and practical tests of anti-skid devices
- 2000
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Ingår i: Accident Analysis and Prevention. - 0001-4575 .- 1879-2057. ; 32:3, s. 455-460
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Every year there are thousands of pedestrians in Sweden who are injured because of slippery pavements and roadways. Using an appropriate anti-skid device may reduce the risk of slips and falls on ice and snow. Methods to describe functional problems in walking on different slippery surfaces during winter have been developed as rating scales for evaluating walking safety and walking balance and an observation method to observe posture and movements during walking. Practical tests of all 25 anti-skid devices on the market in Sweden were carried out on different slippery surfaces; gravel, sand, salt, snow and ice. The anti-skid devices were described according to the subjects' perception of walking safety, walking balance and priority for own use. The postures and movements during walking were analysed by an expert physical therapist. The wholefoot device 'studs' was perceived as the best according to walking safety and walking balance and had the highest priority for own use.
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| 9. |
- Gard, Gunvor, et al.
(författare)
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Test of Swedish anti-skid devices on five different slippery surfaces
- 2001
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Ingår i: Accident Analysis and Prevention. - 0001-4575 .- 1879-2057. ; 33:1, s. 1-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AB - The interest for effective preventive strategies for slips and falls is growing. Much remains to be done, however, to prevent slips and falls in the traffic environment. Some pedestrians are injured because of slippery pavements and roadways. Using an appropriate anti-skid device may reduce the risk of slips and falls on different surfaces outdoors during winter. The aim of this study was to evaluate new anti-skid devices on the Swedish market representing three different designs of anti-skid devices; heel device, fore-foot device and whole-foot device on different slippery surfaces, gravel, sand, salt, snow and ice. The evaluations were done according to subject's perceived walking safety and balance, videorecordings of walking postures and movements, time to take on and off each anti-skid device, advantages/disadvantages with each anti-skid device and a list of priority for own use according to three criteria; safety, balance and appearance. Practical tests were carried out on different slippery surfaces, gravel, sand, salt, snow and ice. The subject's were randomly selected from the registered population over 55 years in a city in northern Sweden. The results showed that eight or more of the ten subjects perceived all four anti-skid devices as fairly good or good regarding walking safety and balance when walking on gravel, sand, and salt. Anti-skid device 3, a whole-foot device was perceived as having none or bad walking safety and balance on snow by seven subjects and anti-skid device 4, a heel device, as having none or bad walking balance on ice by all ten subjects. Eight subjects walked with a normal muscle function in the hip and knee with all anti-skid devices on all surfaces. Small deviations in walking posture and movements were noted in one to two subjects when walking on different surfaces, but no systematic difference between the devices. Anti-skid device 1 'Rewa', a fixed heel device, was perceived as the most rapid one to take on. All four devices were perceived as easy to use and as giving good foothold. Anti-skid device 1 'Rewa' and 4 'Thulin-spike', both heel devices, had the highest priority according to walking safety. 'Rewa' also had the highest priority according to walking balance as well as own use. When combining the criterias 'Rewa' had the highest priority according to walking safety and balance, priority for own use, time to take on and easiness to use.
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| 10. |
- Jacobson, Inger, et al.
(författare)
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Injuries among female football players : with special emphasis on regional differences
- 2006
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Ingår i: Advances in Physiotherapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1403-8196 .- 1651-1948. ; 8:2, s. 66-74
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this 1-year prospective study, the aim was to investigate if there are any differences concerning injuries and injury incidence during an entire football season between Swedish female football players from different geographical regions. A total of 130 out of 253 players (51%) sustained 229 injuries. The overall injury incidence was 9.6/1000 h of football. The incidence of injury during practice was 8.4/1000 h and during game was 13.3/1000 h. Players in the north had a higher incidence of injury during game than those in the south (19.5 vs. 7.2/1000 h, respectively, p<0.001). Fifty-nine per cent of all injuries were traumatic injuries. Both traumatic and overuse injuries occurred mainly during the early preseason and at the beginning of the competitive spring season. Of all injuries, 13% were classified as slight, 39% as minor, 37% as moderate and 11% as major injuries. Players in the north had a higher injury incidence concerning moderate injuries than players in the south (p<0.01). In the present study, evidence is presented that regional factors play a role in the injury incidence. Female football players in the north and south have different injury patterns. This could be a result of different conditions for football as a sport between the regions.
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