| 1. |
- Berglund, Annika, et al.
(författare)
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Knästroppar för barn med cerebral pares : tryckmätning
- 1999
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Ingår i: Nordisk fysioterapi. - 1402-3024. ; 3:2, s. 65-71
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Kneeblocks are used to create a symmetric sitting position for individuals with different physical disabilities. The aim of this paper was to examine the impact of kneeblocks in children with cerebral palsy. Six children aged 4-13 years (mean 9 years) participated in the study. Pressure applied to the children's legs was measured with a computer aided system with waterfilled plastic bags and a pressure transducer with 2 Hz registration continuously during 3 minutes. The registrations were made in four difference sitting positions - horizontal sea and 5 degrees forward inclined, seat with and without a hipbelt, while the children performed different standardised tasks at a table. This was documented by videofile and photographs. The results were presented for the different sitting positions and tasks. The means pressure varied from 0.5 kPa in the sitting position with horizontal seat with a hipbelt to 5.2kPa in the position with 5 degrees forward inclined without a hipbelt. Occasionally pressure up to 24.5 kPa was measured. The kneeblocks did constantly exert pressure on the children's legs, but the pressure varied. If kneeblocks are used it should be in combination with a hipbelt, to minmise the pressure applied to the children's legs.
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| 2. |
- Bredhult, Anna-Katarina, et al.
(författare)
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Windswept hip syndrome : en litteraturstudie
- 2001
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Ingår i: Nordisk fysioterapi. - 1402-3024. ; 5:3, s. 135-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Windswept Hip Syndrome (WHS) is a triad of hip subluxation or dislocation, pelvic obliquity and scoliosis. In cerebral palsy it is one of the most difficult deformities to control and treat and it predispose to poor, unstable sitting. The aim of this study was to describe literature concerning factors which contribute to the development, prevention and management of WHS. Literature based on articles found in Medline, Arbline, Spriline and via references 1983-1999, were used. Several factors contributing to the development of WHS were identified. The dislocated hip was commonly located on the raised side of the pelvis and the convexity of the scoliosis was opposite the raised side of the pelvic obliquity. There were different opinions concerning the temporal relationship between the development of the deformities. Secondary complications to WHS were pain, loss of function, difficulties with hygiene and nursing care. Correct positioning, increased weight-bearing, muscle stretching, strengthening exercises and use of orthosis were considered useful maneuvers in preventing the deformities. Surgery for developed deformities included soft tissue surgery, osteotomy and arthrodesis. The impetus should be to prevent the development of WHS from occuring, in order to avoid serious complications on many levels.
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| 3. |
- Ekblom, Berit, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of the hip abduction orthosis on muscle activity in children with Cerebral Palsy
- 2002
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Ingår i: Physiotherapy Theory and Practice. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0959-3985 .- 1532-5040. ; 18:2, s. 55-63
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hip abduction orthoses are commonly used as adjuncts to create a symmetrical and stable sitting position for children with spastic diplegia. This study investigated how activity in m. Adductor longus, m. Rectus femoris, m. Gastrocnemius and m. Erector spinae was affected while sitting in a ''functional sitting position'' (FSP) performing five upper extremity tasks under four test conditions, one without hip orthosis and three with the orthosis set at three different spring lengths. The experimental group consisted of four children with spastic diplegia (mean age 4 years), while five healthy children (mean age 7 years) served as controls. The initial hip abduction angle adopted spontaneously by each child was measured by a goniometer. Muscle activity was measured by surface electromyography (EMG) during three minutes under each test condition. The children in the experimental group were also assessed from videofilms with the Sitting Assessment Scale (SAS) and the SAS scores were compared to the EMG results. The results of the study failed to demonstrate significant difference in EMG voltage under different sitting conditions, without or with hip abduction orthosis adjusted to varying hip abduction positions. This may imply that if a functional sitting position is assured, further addition of an orthosis is not needed. Follow-up study on a larger group of children with CP may be advisable
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| 4. |
- Karlström, Lillemor, et al.
(författare)
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Handikappad i Murmansk
- 2002
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Ingår i: Intra. - 1102-4143. ; :1, s. 10-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 5. |
- Myhr, Ulla
(författare)
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Blir du satt så får du sitta : En spegling av rullstolsburnas tillvaro inom kommunal äldreomsorg
- 1998
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Ingår i: Nordisk fysioterapi. - 1402-3024. ; 2:4, s. 145-58
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- One purpose of this study was to describe how every day life is affected by using a wheelchair for residents of public nursing home facilities. A second purpose was to develop measurement methods for evaluation of seating and wheelchair functioning for elderly and to identify problems with elderly persons' seating position and/or wheelchair. 20 nursing home residents, age 71 to 95 (mean age 85 years), all wheelchair bound were videofilmed and photographed in a standardized manner while "driving" a fixed path indoors. The residents answered questions about how they experienced their wheelchair before and after interventions were implemented. Their driving skills and ability to transfer in and out of the chair was assessed according to an 8-point scale (FiR), developed for this purpose. A physical therapist and an occupational therapist analyzed seating positions and corrected numerous details on the wheelchairs. Six persons received new wheelchairs. The contact person of each resident was interviewed. Results showed that the elderly spent a large part of the day sitting in the wheelchair (mean 9 hours). At the follow-up, one month after concluding interventions, all residents experienced improvements in both seating position and wheelchair function. Responsibility for ordering and adjusting wheelchairs varied as did funding sources. A more rational order ought to be strived for.
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| 6. |
- Myhr, Ulla, et al.
(författare)
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Five-year follow-up of functional sitting position in children with cerebral palsy
- 1995
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Ingår i: Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology. - : Wiley. - 0012-1622 .- 1469-8749. ; 37:7, s. 587-96
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ten children with cerebral palsy (CP) were videotaped and photographed after the introduction to a functional sitting position (FSP--defined as a position in which children with CP could gain head-, trunk- and foot-control and the maximum degree of independent function when performing arm and hand movements during tasks) and again five years later. Head-, trunk- and foot-control, and arm- and hand-function were assessed from video-tapes by the Sitting Assessment Scale. The eight children who had been using the FSP throughout this period showed slight but significant improvement; the remaining two had deteriorated. Since all 10 children had undergone similar rehabilitation programmes, it is concluded that sitting in an FSP contributed to their improvement in the ability to use the hand and arm.
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| 9. |
- Rincón Viatela, Jorge Eduardo, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluación de la posición sedente en niños Colombianos con parálisis cerebral : [Evaluation of sedentary position in Colombian children with cerebral palsy]
- 2000
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Ingår i: Saludarte. - 1657-4400. ; 1, s. 26-45
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To describe the posture pattern of children with CP sitting in the chairs they use in the institution, where they receive treatment (O.S.P.), and to evaluate the change in the pattern when they are placed in the functional sedentary position (F.S.P.), a position scientifically described in the literature.Design: Descriptive, using the same children for group control. Sample. 40 children, 20 boys 20 girls, non-ambulatory, between 2 and 7 years of age, with different types of CP and varying degrees and topographical involvement.Method: Using video films and photography, and the Sitting Assesment Scale (S.A.S.) each child was evaluated for head control, trunk control, feet control and the function of their arms and hands for the O.S.P. and F.S.P. patterns obtained. Frequencies were distributed for the description of the results, and a qualifications/clínical condition corellation of the group was used to demonstrate the impact of the P.S.F. on each part evaluated.Conclusions: The results of the study showed that 100% of the subject achieved a better postural pattern when placed in the F.S.P. - The hypothesis of the improvement of the postural pattern of children which C.P. by inclining the back of the seat (First hypothesis of the FUNCTIONAL SEDENTARY POSITION) was proven. - In the designs, the footplate is considred a secondary element , ignoring the principle that the positioning of any segment of the body, even a distal part such as the feet, will improve the functionality and capacity for movement of other segements, but equally evidencing the lack of the concept of the sedentary position as a fascilitator of skills subsequency acquired.
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