| 1. |
- Granmo, Tobias, 1972, et al.
(författare)
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Seminarieserien "Sinnenas musik"- känsliga bitar
- 2017
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Ingår i: Jonsereds Herrgård 18 oktober 2017.
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Konstnärligt arbete (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- SÖK! LYSSNA! ÖVERRASKA! Den uppmaningen ger tonsättaren Torbjörn Grass musikerna i sitt partitur Spektra för instrument och elektronik. Vid det fjärde Jonseredsseminariet i serien Sinnenas musik är det mot känseln uppmärksamheten riktas. Hur känsliga är vi för ljud och varför är vi så känsliga i fråga om vilken musik vi lyssnar på? Duo/Granmo Berg utforskar begreppet känsel ur ett musikaliskt perspektiv tillsammans med Ylva Öhrner är barnneurolog och överläkare vid Landstinget, Västmanland och Torbjörn Grass gitarrist och tonsättare med en stor passion för ljud. De samtalar och diskuterar vidare med en inbjuden skara specialister från olika områden.
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| 2. |
- Xu, Cheng
(författare)
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A Segmented Silicon Strip Detector for Photon-Counting Spectral Computed Tomography
- 2012
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Konstnärligt arbete (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Spectral computed tomography with energy-resolving detectors has a potential to improve the detectability of images and correspondingly reduce the radiation dose to patients by extracting and properly using the energy information in the broad x-ray spectrum. A silicon photon-counting detector has been developed for spectral CT and it has successfully solved the problem of high photon flux in clinical CT applications by adopting the segmented detector structure and operating the detector in edge-on geometry. The detector was evaluated by both the simulation and measurements.The effects of energy loss and charge sharing on the energy response of this segmented silicon strip detector with different pixel sizes were investigated by Monte Carlo simulation and a comparison to pixelated CdTe detectors is presented. The validity of spherical approximations of initial charge cloud shape in silicon detectors was evaluated and a more accurate statistical model has been proposed.A photon-counting energy-resolving application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) developed for spectral CT was characterized extensively by electrical pulses, pulsed laser and real x-ray photons from both the synchrotron and an x-ray tube. It has been demonstrated that the ASIC performs as designed. A noise level of 1.09 keV RMS has been measured and a threshold dispersion of 0.89 keV RMS has been determined. The count rate performance of the ASIC in terms of count loss and energy resolution was evaluated by real x-rays and promising results have been obtained.The segmented silicon strip detector was evaluated using synchrotron radiation. An energy resolution of 16.1% has been determined with 22 keV photons in the lowest flux limit, which deteriorates to 21.5% at an input count rate of 100 Mcps mm−2. The fraction of charge shared events has been estimated and found to be 11.1% for 22 keV and 15.3% for 30 keV. A lower fraction of charge shared events and an improved energy resolution can be expected by applying a higher bias voltage to the detector.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Kelati, Amleset, et al.
(författare)
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Real-Time Classification of Pain Level Using Zygomaticus and Corrugator EMG Features
- 2022
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Ingår i: Electronics. - : MDPI AG. - 2079-9292. ; 11:11, s. 1671-1671
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The real-time recognition of pain level is required to perform an accurate pain assessment of patients in the intensive care unit, infants, and other subjects who may not be able to communicate verbally or even express the sensation of pain. Facial expression is a key pain-related behavior that may unlock the answer to an objective pain measurement tool. In this work, a machine learning-based pain level classification system using data collected from facial electromyograms (EMG) is presented. The dataset was acquired from part of the BioVid Heat Pain database to evaluate facial expression from an EMG corrugator and EMG zygomaticus and an EMG signal processing and data analysis flow is adapted for continuous pain estimation. The extracted pain-associated facial electromyography (fEMG) features classification is performed by K-nearest neighbor (KNN) by choosing the value of k which depends on the nonlinear models. The presentation of the accuracy estimation is performed, and considerable growth in classification accuracy is noticed when the subject matter from the features is omitted from the analysis. The ML algorithm for the classification of the amount of pain experienced by patients could deliver valuable evidence for health care providers and aid treatment assessment. The proposed classification algorithm has achieved a 99.4% accuracy for classifying the pain tolerance level from the baseline (P0 versus P4) without the influence of a subject bias. Moreover, the result on the classification accuracy clearly shows the relevance of the proposed approac
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| 5. |
- Gu, Gucci Jijuan, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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Elevated MARK2-Dependent Phosphorylation of Tau in Alzheimer's Disease
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease. - 1387-2877 .- 1875-8908. ; 33:3, s. 699-713
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The appearance of neurofibrillary tangles (NFT), one of the major hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD), is most likely caused by inappropriate phosphorylation and/or dephosphorylation of tau, eventually leading to the accumulation of NFTs. Enhanced phosphorylation of tau on Ser(262) is detected early in the course of the disease and may have a role in the formation of tangles. Several kinases such as microtubule-affinity regulating kinase (MARK), protein kinase A, calcium calmodulin kinase II, and checkpoint kinase 2 are known to phosphorylate tau on Ser(262) in vitro. In this study, we took advantage of the in situ proximity ligation assay to investigate the role of MARK2, one of the four MARK isoforms, in AD. We demonstrate that MARK2 interacts with tau and phosphorylates tau at Ser(262) in stably transfected NIH/3T3 cells expressing human recombinant tau. Staurosporine, a protein kinase inhibitor, significantly reduced the interaction between MARK2 and tau, and also phosphorylation of tau at Ser(262). Furthermore, we observed elevated interactions between MARK2 and tau in post-mortem human AD brains, compared to samples from non-demented elderly controls. Our results from transfected cells demonstrate a specific interaction between MARK2 and tau, as well as MARK2-dependent phosphorylation of tau at Ser(262). Furthermore, the elevated interactions between MARK2 and tau in AD brain sections suggests that MARK2 may play an important role in early phosphorylation of tau in AD, possibly qualifying as a therapeutic target for intervention to prevent disease progression.
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| 6. |
- Miclescu, Adriana, et al.
(författare)
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Persistent neuropathic pain after nerve suture surgery
- 2016
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Ingår i: 16Th World Congress of Pain IASP26-29 Th September Yokohama, Japan.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Aim of Investigation: Iatrogenic nerve injury has been proposed as the main factor responsable for long term-postsurgical pain. The prevalence of chronic neuropathic pain after a known somatosensory lesion in the upper extremity nerves followed by suture surgery was determined.Methods:The Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs (LANSS) Pain Scale questionnaires were sent out in January 2016 to 1078 patients who underwent nerve repairs operations after traumatic or surgical nerve injuries of the upper limbs between 2006 to 2014 at the Hand Surgery Clinic.Results: Three hundred eighty-two patients returned the questionnaire (response rate 35%). Post trauma or post-surgical pain was present in 186 patients (48 %) from those 382 patients who responded to the questionnaire. A total of 87 patients (47 %) of these 186 patients developed chronic pain after the operation. The most common symptom experienced by the patients was the enhanced sensitivity to cold in 69 % of the patients that led to pain and discomfort at temperatures that normally were perceived as being innocuously cool. Other symptoms were diminished sensitivity to stimulation in 55% of the patients and allodynia to light pressure, cold presented in 50% of the patients. The majority of the patients with pain resulting from traumatic or surgical nerve injury (77% of the patients) had no medication for pain, despite the presence of pain more than 50 VAS.Conclusions: Persistent neuropathic pain occured in 48% of the patients following nerve suture surgery. Cold intolerance has a high prevalence both in the group of patients with pain and in the group without pain.
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| 7. |
- Miclescu, Adriana, et al.
(författare)
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The changing face of the acute pain
- 2016
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Aims: To distinguishthe risk factors associated with uncontrolled and problematic pain by prospectively assessing the current acute pain service (APS) activity in an academic hospital and theeffects of this activity on both surgical and medical pain intensity.Method: This prospective cohort study was conducted at Uppsala University Hospital (a Swedish tertiary and quaternary care hospital) during one year. All the patients referred to APS team were enrolled. A standardized data collection template of demographic data, medical history, pain diagnosis, associated diseases, duration of treatment, number of visits by the APS team and type of treatment was employed. The primary outcomes were pain scores before and after treatment. The patients were visited by APS at regular intervals and divided after the number of visits by APS team in several groups: group 1 (one visit and upto 2 follow ups); group 2 (3 to 4 follow-ups); group 3(5 to 10times follow-ups); group 4 (10 to 20 follow-ups); group 5 more than 20 follow–ups. The groups and the difference between groups were analyzed.Results: Patients (n=730) (mean age 56±4, female 58%, men 42%) were distributed by service to medical (41%) and surgical (58%). Of these, 48% of patients reported a pain score of moderate to severe pain and 27% reported severe pain on the first assessment. On the last examination before discharge, they reported 25–30% less pain (P=0.002). The median NRS (numerical rating scores) decreased significantly from 9.6 (95% confidence interval, 3.4–5.3) to 6.3 (1.0–2.0) for the severe pain (p<0.0001), from 3.8 (3.1–3.8) to 2.4 (2.2–2.4) for the mild pain. Respiratory depression related to pain treatment was reported in 1.6% patients. The APS treated cognitive deficits related to pain treatment, in 30% of the patients, recognized and treated opioid overdose in 14%. The patients who required more than 5 visits by the APS(280 patients representing 38% of all the patients) demonstrated an increased prevalence of psychiatric diseases (from 10% in group 1 to 42% in group 5), opioid dependency (13% in group 1 to 100% in group 5) and chronic painresulted from both nociceptive (gradually increasing from 38% in group 1 to 85% in group 5) and neuropathic pain (from 13 % in group 1 increasing to 35% in group 5). The diagnoses encountered in the patients with frequent visits by the APS team were cancer related pain (17%), endometriosis (9%), reoperation(12%), burn injury(5%).Conclusions: Beside the benefits of APS in reducing of pain intensity, and in treating analgesia side effects, this study demonstrates the uncertain role of APS in the treatment of acute pain. The focus of APS has been shifted from the traditional treatment of acute surgical pain to the clinical challenges of treating hospitalized patients who suffered adverse effects from pain treatment and have a high of comorbidities aspsychiatric diseases, opioid dependency and non-surgical chronic pain.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Zöller, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Association of irritable bowel syndrome and venous thromboembolism
- 2018
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1502-7708 .- 0036-5521. ; 53:7, s. 784-789
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with venous thromboembolism (VTE). Whether functional gastrointestinal disorders, such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), are associated with VTE has not been determined. This nationwide study aimed to determine the risk of VTE in IBS outpatients in primary and specialist care.DESIGN: We performed two matched case-control studies. Cases (n = 90,502) were individuals in Sweden aged 18-80 years with a first hospital diagnosis of VTE between 2001 and 2010. Five controls (n = 452,510) from the Swedish Total Population Register were matched to each case for birth, sex, country of birth, and education level. Diagnosis of IBS was determined in the Swedish hospital outpatient register. This procedure was replicated for the primary care population. As the Primary Care data did not have nationwide coverage, we only included individuals that were registered in the Primary Care database. A total of 9766 cases of hospital diagnosed VTE individuals could be found in the Primary Care population and they were matched to 48,830 controls also from the Primary health care population. Conditional logistic regression was used to determine odds ratio (OR) for first VTE diagnosis. Results The adjusted OR for VTE when IBS was diagnosed in hospital outpatient care was 1.49 (95% confidence interval 1.33-1.67). The crude OR for VTE was 1.18 (0.94-1.48) when IBS was diagnosed in primary care.CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study describing an association between VTE and IBS. The results suggest that specialist treated IBS patients have increased risk of VTE.
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| 10. |
- Edgerton, Michael
(författare)
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The 21st Century Voice, 2nd edition. Rowman & Littlefield (324 pp.). Lanham: MD, December 2014. : Contemporary and Traditional Extra-Normal Voice
- 2014. - 2nd
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Bok (refereegranskat)abstract
- In The 21st-Century Voice: Contemporary and Traditional Extra-Normal Voice, Michael Edward Edgerton considers contemporary vocal techniques within an acoustic and anatomical framework. Throughout, he proposes new directions for vocal exploration. Much more than a historical treatise on 20th-century masterworks or vocal science, The 21st-Century Voice explores experimental methods of sound production, offering a systematic series of approaches and methods for assessing, engaging, and, in some instances, overcoming the assumed limits of vocal singing.Appearing a decade after the publication of the first edition, this second edition draws on and advances our current understandings of voice production. Divided into four parts—air flow, source, resonance/articulation, and heightened potentials—Edgerton considers crucial matters affecting vocal production, such as: Registral challenges Filtering Airflow modification Combinatorial, multiphonic principles Extreme voice possibilities Multidimensional vocal issuesWith more than 250 illustrations, 150 associated audio tracks, an extended appendix on voice science, a glossary of key terms, and lists of representative compositions, The 21st-Century Voice will appeal to composers and performers interested in exploring the ever-broadening range of vocal possibilities. Its engagement with the complexities of vocal production should also be relevant to students and scholars of voice science, acoustics, linguistics, computer modeling, and more.
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