| 1. |
- Larsson, Dennis, et al.
(författare)
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Membrane Initiated Signaling by 1,25α-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in LNCaP Prostate Cancer Cells
- 2008
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Ingår i: Hormonal Carcinogenesis V. - New York, NY : Springer. - 9780387690780 - 9780387690803 ; , s. 573-579
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the most common cancers among men, and vitamin D and its metabolites are candidates for prevention and therapy of this disease. The vitamin D metabolites, 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, decreases cellular proliferation and invasiveness, and stimulates differentiation of PC cells. However, the underlying mechanisms are not fully clarified, and there is evidence that some of these effects of the vitamin D system are mediated by specific membrane-associated receptors/binding proteins in addition to its nuclear receptor, suggesting multiple regulatory pathways. The aim of the present study was to examine the role of membrane initiated pathways mediating effects of 1,25D on cell invasiveness in LNCaP cells. Treatment with 1,25D evoked a dose-dependent activation of the JNK/SAPK MAPK signaling pathways within 10 min, demonstrating membrane initiated signaling of 1,25D in LNCaP cells. Furthermore, treatment with 1,25D decreased LNCaP cell invasiveness by approximately 20% after 48h. Using an inhibitor (SP600125) for the JNK/SAPK MAPK signaling pathway in combination with 1,25D on LNCaP cells, the inhibitory action of 1,25D on invasiveness was eliminated. In conclusion, 1,25D decrease invasiveness of LNCaP cells by interaction with a putative membrane associated receptor, which activate membrane, initiated signaling via the JNK/SAPK MAPK signaling pathway.
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| 2. |
- Browall, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Daily assessment of stressful events and coping among post-menopausal women with breast cancer treated with adjuvant chemotherapy : Original article
- 2009
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Ingår i: European Journal of Cancer Care. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0961-5423 .- 1365-2354. ; 18:5, s. 507-516
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of the study was twofold: to examine what type of daily stressful events post-menopausal woman with breast cancer experience during adjuvant chemotherapy and how bothersome these are and to identify coping strategies used by these women used to manage such stressful events. The patient group comprised 75 consecutively invited women (≥55 years of age) at two university hospitals and one county hospital in Sweden. The Daily Coping Assessment was used to collect data over time. Data were analysed both qualitatively and quantitatively. Six categories of stressful events were identified: 'nausea and vomiting', 'fatigue', 'other symptoms', 'isolation and alienation', 'fear of the unknown' and 'being controlled by the treatment'. The first three categories were subsumed under the domain physical problems and the latter three under psychosocial problems. Almost 30% of the diary entries recorded no stressful event. Physical problems were three times as frequent as psychosocial problems. 'Nausea/vomiting' was the most frequently observed stressful event (21.6%). 'Isolation and alienation' and 'fear of the unknown' were less frequent, but when they occurred they were rated as the most distressing. Several coping strategies were used to manage each stressful event. The most common strategies were acceptance, relaxation and distraction. Religion was rarely used as a coping strategy.
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| 3. |
- Carlsson, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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Benefits from membership in cancer patient associations: relations to gender and involvement.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Acta oncologica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0284-186X .- 1651-226X. ; 45:5, s. 559-563
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cancer patient associations report a growing number of members and increasing possibilities to influence health care, but knowledge about the members' views on the benefit of involvement is scarce. We therefore investigated how members (n = 1742) of Swedish patient associations for breast cancer and prostate cancer rate the benefit of membership for their physical and psychological well-being and social adjustment to cancer. Using a scoring scale, 2/3 of the members reported that membership had benefit for psychological well-being, whereas half of the members reported benefit for physical well-being and social adjustment. Individuals who had been actively involved in board work and/or contact person activities within the associations reported significantly more benefit for all three parameters. Gender differences were observed with men, represented by individuals affected by prostate cancer, reporting greater benefit for all three parameters, although especially evident for psychological well-being. Individuals who obtained membership within two years of diagnosis reported greater benefit for psychological well-being and social adjustment compared to those who became members later. In conclusion, members in patient associations for cancer report benefit particularly for their psychological well-being and actively involved members and men affected by prostate cancer perceive the greatest benefit from membership.
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| 4. |
- Samuelson, Emma, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Absence of Ras mutations in rat DMBA-induced mammary tumors.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Molecular carcinogenesis. - : Wiley. - 1098-2744 .- 0899-1987. ; 48:2, s. 150-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Animal cancer models reduce genetic background heterogeneity and thus, may facilitate identification and analysis of specific genetic aberrations in tumor cells. Rat and human mammary glands have high similarity in physiology and show comparable hormone responsiveness. Thus, spontaneous and carcinogen (e.g., NMU and DMBA)-induced rat mammary models are valuable tools for genetic studies of breast cancer. In NMU-induced rat mammary tumors, activating mutations in Hras codon 12 have frequently been reported and are supposed to contribute to the mammary carcinogenic process. Involvement of Ras mutations in DMBA-induced tumors is less clear. In the present study we investigated the mutation status of the three Ras genes, Hras, Kras, and Nras, in DMBA-induced rat mammary tumors. We examined codons 12, 13, and 61 of all three genes for mutations in 71 tumors using direct sequencing method that in experimental conditions is sensitive enough to detect single nucleotide mutations even when present in only 25% of the test sample. No activating Ras gene mutation was found. Thus, in contrast to NMU-induced rat mammary tumor, tumorigenesis in DMBA-induced rat mammary tumors seems to be independent on activating mutations in the Ras genes. Our finding suggests that the genetic pathways selected in mammary tumor development are influenced by and perhaps dependent on the identity of the inducing agent, again emphasizing the importance of tumor etiology on the genetic changes in the tumor cells.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Browall, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Health-related quality of life during adjuvant treatment for breast cancer among postmenopausal women
- 2008
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Ingår i: European Journal of Oncology Nursing. - : Elsevier. - 1462-3889 .- 1532-2122. ; 12:3, s. 180-189
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of the present study was twofold: first, to describe changes of Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) during the adjuvant treatment among postmenopausal women with breast cancer; second, in the same population to identify the best predictors of Overall Quality of Life (QoL) after treatment, from perceived functioning, symptoms, emotional distress and clinical/demographic variables measured at baseline. The study group was 150 women (>= 55 years of age) scheduled for adjuvant chemotherapy (CT, n=75) or radiotherapy (RT, n=75). They were examined before (baseline), during and after completing the treatment. Data about QoL, perceived functioning, symptoms and emotional distress were collected with the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC)-QLQ-C30, BR23 and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) questionnaires. The general finding was that the adjuvant treatments were associated with decrease in overall QoL, physical and role functioning, anxiety and body image, as well as with increase in fatigue, dyspnoea, pain, nausea/vomiting, constipation and systemic therapy side effects measured over time. For women receiving CT, better emotional functioning and less pain at baseline predicted better overall QoL at the end of the treatment. For women receiving RT, better physical and emotional functioning, less breast symptoms and lower tumour stage at baseline predicted better overall QoL at the end of the treatment.
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| 7. |
- Warrén Stomberg, Margareta
(författare)
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Guest at Hospice : Time for Consideration
- 2009
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Ingår i: The American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine. - : Sage Publications. - 1049-9091 .- 1938-2715. ; 26:4, s. 277-280
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study focuses on daily life situation of terminally ill guests residing at a hospice. In the study, interviews were conducted with 9 such guests. Data were analyzed using a method similar to content analysis. Categories emerged that were related to aspects regarding as external and internal essentials for the well-being of the individual at the hospice. These essentials were as follows: encouragement from the staff, the alleviation of pain, a pleasant and calm atmosphere at the hospice, the significance of visits from relatives, the regret of not being able to take care of oneself, and time to reconcile to one's life. These results not only show the need for close community with both family and staff but also the need for privacy to reflect on life.
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| 8. |
- Larsson, Dennis, et al.
(författare)
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Rapid activation of JNK/SAPK in LNCaP prostate cancer cells by 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 is independent of PDIA3 (1,25-MARRS)
- 2008
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Ingår i: Current Topics in Steroid Research. - : Research Trends. - 0972-4788. ; 5, s. 17-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D3 ) is a highly potential anti-cancerous agent for prevention and treatment of prostate cancer, the most commonly diagnosed cancer type of males in western countries. A recent study by our laboratory, demonstrates that LNCaP cancer cells treated with 1,25D3, evoked dose-dependent activation of the JNK/SAPK MAPK signaling pathway within 10 minutes after hormone treatment, indicative of membrane-initiated steroid signaling (MISS) by 1,25D3. This confirms previous reports on intestinal-, chondrocyte- and osteoblast cells, where 1,25D3 operates through pharmacologically distinct nuclear-initiated mechanisms (NISS) and plasma membrane-initiated mechanisms. NISS is mediated via the vitamin D receptor (nVDR) and MISS is mediated through 1,25D3-MARRS (PDIA3, 1,25D3-membraneassociated rapid response steroid binding protein) or nVDR. The aims of the present study were to investigate the mechanisms of MISS evoked effects on alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and activation of the JNK/SAPK by 1,25D3, and the involvement of PDIA3 in 1,25D3 initiated activation of the JNK/SAPK signaling pathway. Furthermore, 1,25D3-treated LNCaP cells were transfected with siRNA against PDIA3 and phosphorylated JNK/SAPK was estimated by western analysis. Western analysis and ALP-assays demonstrated rapid activation of both JNK/SAPK as well as ALP. Silencing of PDIA3 did not affect 1,25D3 mediated activation of JNK/SAPK, suggesting that PDIA3 is not involved in the 1,25D3-initiated activation of the JNK/SAPK signaling pathway.
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| 9. |
- Samuelson, Emma, et al.
(författare)
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Molecular classification of spontaneous endometrial adenocarcinomas in BDII rats
- 2009
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Ingår i: Endocrine-Related Cancer. - : Bioscientifica. - 1351-0088 .- 1479-6821. ; 16:1, s. 99-111
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Female rats of the BDII/Han inbred strain are prone to spontaneously develop endometrial carcinomas (EC) that in cell biology and pathogenesis are very similar to those of human. Human EC are classified into two major groups: Type I displays endometroid histology, is hormone-dependent, and characterized by frequent microsatellite instability and PTEN, K-RAS, and CTNNB1 (β-Catenin) mutations; Type II shows non-endometrioid histology, is hormone-unrelated, displays recurrent TP53 mutation, CDKN2A (P16) inactivation, over-expression of ERBB2 (Her2/neu), and reduced CDH1 (Cadherin 1 or E-Cadherin) expression. However, many human EC have overlapping clinical, morphologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular features of types I and II. The EC developed in BDII rats can be related to type I tumors, since they are hormone-related and histologically from endometrioid type. Here, we combined gene sequencing (Pten, Ifr1, and Ctnnb1) and real-time gene expression analysis (Pten, Cdh1, P16, Erbb2, Ctnnb1, Tp53, and Irf1) to further characterize molecular alterations in this tumor model with respect to different subtypes of EC in humans. No mutation in Pten and Ctnnb1 was detected, whereas three tumors displayed sequence aberrations of the Irf1 gene. Significant down regulation of Pten, Cdh1, p16, Erbb2, and Ctnnb1 gene products was found in the tumors. In conclusion, our data suggest that molecular features of spontaneous EC in BDII rats can be related to higher-grade human type I tumors and thus, this model represents an excellent experimental tool for research on this malignancy in human.
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| 10. |
- Browall, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Postmenopausal women with breast cancer : Their experiences of the chemotherapy treatment period
- 2006
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Ingår i: Cancer Nursing. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0162-220X .- 1538-9804. ; 29:1, s. 34-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article illustrates the experience of 20 postmenopausal women with breast cancer who had received chemotherapy treatment. The interviews were of narrative nature and analyzed with content analysis. Four themes, including 12 subthemes, described these women's life during treatment as a journey from the negative experiences of fear of the unknown, affects on body and mind, to the more positive to get by, and a transformed life. The treatment was compared with an assault on the body, and the loss of their hair was experienced more negatively than the loss of a breast. The women described a feeling of imbalance in their relationships due to lack of support from those close to them. The support from healthcare professionals was experienced both positively and negatively, and many of the women revealed variation in the professional's attitude, knowledge, and empathy. The women who chose not to work during the treatment felt pressure from society and healthcare professionals to get back to work as soon as possible. For many, especially those in a leading position, this was experienced as very difficult. The women expressed a feeling of not being afraid of dying but wanted more time to prepare themselves.
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